粽
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Translingual
Han character
粽 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 火木十一火 (FDJMF), four-corner 93991, composition ⿰米宗)
Derived characters
- 𪷯, 𣰤
Related characters
- 糉, 糭 (Variant forms of 粽)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 910, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26993
- Dae Jaweon: page 1336, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3153, character 5
- Unihan data for U+7CBD
Chinese
| trad. | 粽/糉/糭 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 粽 | |
| alternative forms | 𥟡 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (宗) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsoːŋs): semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ).
Etymology
First attested in Fengsu Tongyi (195). Bencao Gangmu claimed it was derived from 棕 (zōng, “palm tree”) due to similar shapes of zongzi and palm tree leaves.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): zung4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jyng3
- Northern Min (KCR): co̤̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): cáe̤ng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zang4
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): zoeng3
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zòng
- Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: zòng
- Wade–Giles: tsung4
- Yale: dzùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzonq
- Palladius: цзун (czun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhòng
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhòng
- Wade–Giles: chung4
- Yale: jùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jonq
- Palladius: чжун (čžun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zong4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zung
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡soŋ²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: zòng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suəŋ⁵³/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: zōn
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): zon4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡soŋ⁴⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zung3-2 / zung3
- Yale: júng / jung
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzung3-2 / dzung3
- Guangdong Romanization: zung3-2 / zung3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʊŋ³³⁻³⁵/, /t͡sʊŋ³³/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: zung2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʊŋ³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: duung4* / duung4
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɵŋ²¹⁻²¹⁵/, /tɵŋ²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- duung4* - by itself or at end of compound, e.g. 糯米粽;
- duung4 - at beginning of compound, e.g. 粽葉.
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chung
- Hakka Romanization System: zung
- Hagfa Pinyim: zung4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: zungˇ
- Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: zung4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʊŋ⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: co̤̿ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɔŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zang4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ca̍ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saŋ⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chàng
- Tâi-lô: tsàng
- Phofsit Daibuun: zaxng
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡saŋ²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡saŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡saŋ²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡saŋ¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡saŋ²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zang3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saŋ²¹³/
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: zang3 / zong1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡saŋ²¹/, /t͡sɔŋ³⁵/
- (Hokkien)
Note:
- zang3 - vernacular;
- zong1 - literary.
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: zoeng3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡søŋ⁵⁵/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- Wugniu: 5tson
- MiniDict: tson去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 2tson
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soŋ³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡soŋ³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡soŋ³⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡soŋ⁵²³/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡soŋ³³⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡soŋ⁴⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡soŋ³³/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
- (Northern: Chongming, Suzhou)
- (Jinhua)
- Wugniu: 5tson
- Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- Xiang
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: tsuwngH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsoːŋs/
Definitions
粽
- zongzi (dumpling made of glutinous rice, wrapped in leaves) (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 粽子 (“zongzi (sticky rice dumpling)”) [map]
Compounds
Descendants
- → Thai: จ้าง (jâang)
References
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03066
- “粽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
粽
Readings
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 粽 |
| ちまき Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 茅巻 茅巻き |
Compound of 茅 (chi, short for chigaya, "cogon") + 巻 (maki, “wrapping”).
Originally, rice cakes were wrapped in leaves from cogon grass.[1][2]
Pronunciation
Noun
粽 • (chimaki)
- a rice cake or dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves
- zongzi
- Synonym: 中国粽 (Chūgoku-jimaki)
- (Buddhism, architecture) short for 粽形 (chimaki-gata): a Zen-style pillar with rounded edges on the top and bottom parts [since Kamakura period]
Derived terms
- 粽馬 (chimaki uma)
- 粽形 (chimaki‐gata)
- 粽草 (chimakigusa)
- 粽笹 (chimaki-zasa)
- 飴粽 (ame chimaki), 飴粽 (ame-jimaki)
- 飾り粽 (kazari chimaki)
- 葛粽 (kuzu chimaki)
- 笹粽 (sasa chimaki)
- 水仙粽 (suisen chimaki)
See also
- 端午の節句 (Tango no Sekku)
Proper noun
粽 • (Chimaki)
- a surname
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (1995), 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
粽 • (jong) (hangeul 종, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)
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Vietnamese
Han character
粽: Hán Nôm readings: tông, tống
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