U+9910, 餐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9910

[U+990F]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9911]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(Kangxi radical 184, 食+7, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜水人戈女 (YEOIV), four-corner 27732, composition 𣦼)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1419, character 39
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44160
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1944, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4455, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+9910

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp.
alternative forms



𩛳

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰaːn): phonetic 𣦼 (cán) + semantic (to eat; meal; food). Its original meaning was "to swallow".

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-dz(j)a-k/n/t/s (to eat; food; to feed; rice), whence Tibetan (za, to eat); probably also related to (OC *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ, “to chew”) (STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Schuessler, 2007).

Alternatively, it may be compared to Tibetan འཚལ ('tshal, to eat), ཚལ་མ (tshal ma, breakfast) (Coblin, 1986; Schuessler, 2007; Hill, 2019).

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡sʰan⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sʰan²¹/
Jinan /t͡sʰã²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡sʰã²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡sʰan²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡sʰã²¹/
Xining /t͡sʰã⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡sʰan⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡sʰɛ̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰan⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡sʰã̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡sʰaŋ³¹/
Hefei /t͡sʰæ̃²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰæ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sʰɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰæ̃³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰø⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡sʰø⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sʰẽ̞³³/
Wenzhou /t͡sʰa³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɛ³¹/
Tunxi /t͡sʰɔ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sʰan³³/
Xiangtan /t͡sʰan³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰan⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰon⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰon²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰan⁵³/
Nanning /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /t͡sʰan⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /t͡sʰuaŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sʰuiŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /t͡sʰaŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /saŋ²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (14)
Final () (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter tshan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡sʰɑn/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡sʰɑn/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡sʰɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/t͡sʰan/
Li
Rong
/t͡sʰɑn/
Wang
Li
/t͡sʰɑn/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/t͡sʰɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
cān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
caan1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 1117
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sʰaːn/
Notes

Definitions

  1. to eat
      ―  bǎocān  ―  to eat one's fill
  2. meal
      ―  zǎocān  ―  breakfast (lit. early meal)
    醫院医院  ―  yīyuàn cān  ―  hospital meal
    飛機飞机  ―  fēijī cān  ―  airline meal
  3. cuisine; (type of) food
    西  ―  cān  ―  Western-style food
    美國美国 [Cantonese]  ―  sik6 mei5 gwok3 caan1 [Jyutping]  ―  eat American food
  4. Classifier for meals.
      ―  cān fàn  ―  one meal
    每日 [Cantonese]  ―  mui5 jat6 sik6 saam1 caan1 [Jyutping]  ―  eat three meals a day
  5. (Cantonese, Gan, Xiang) Classifier for beatings, scoldings, etc.
    [Cantonese]  ―  daa2 jan4 jat1 caan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to give someone a beating
    [Cantonese]  ―  zou6 caan1 mung2 [Jyutping]  ―  to do a lot for litter in return
  6. (Hong Kong Cantonese) short for 午餐肉 (“luncheon meat”)
    [Cantonese]  ―  caan1 daan6-2 min6 [Jyutping]  ―  noodle with luncheon meat and eggs
    [Cantonese]  ―  caan1 teoi2 daan6-2 zi6 [Jyutping]  ―  luncheon meat, ham, and egg sandwich

Synonyms

  • (cuisine): (cài)
  • (classifier for meals):
  • (classifier for beatings, scoldings, etc.):

Compounds

  • 一噎止餐
  • 下餐
  • 三餐 (sāncān)
  • 三餐不繼 / 三餐不继 (sāncānbùjì)
  • 中餐 (zhōngcān)
  • 佐餐 (zuǒcān)
  • 便餐 (biàncān)
  • 傳餐 / 传餐
  • 免洗餐具
  • 分餐
  • 加餐 (jiācān)
  • 午餐 (wǔcān)
  • 唐餐 (tángcān)
  • 堂餐
  • 壺餐 / 壶餐
  • 夜餐
  • 大餐 (dàcān)
  • 大餐房
  • 大餐間 / 大餐间
  • 套餐 (tàocān)
  • 宿水餐風 / 宿水餐风
  • 宿雨餐風 / 宿雨餐风
  • 小餐
  • 就餐 (jiùcān)
  • 尸位素餐 (shīwèisùcān)
  • 尸利素餐 (shīlìsùcān)
  • 尸祿素餐 (shīlùsùcān)
  • 工作午餐
  • 廊下餐
  • 廊餐
  • 廢寢忘餐 / 废寝忘餐
  • 忘餐
  • 忘餐失寢 / 忘餐失寝
  • 忘餐廢寢 / 忘餐废寝
  • 快餐 (kuàicān, fast food)
  • 授餐
  • 揮沐吐餐 / 挥沐吐餐
  • 握髮吐餐 / 握发吐餐
  • 旋轉餐廳 / 旋转餐厅
  • 日旰忘餐
  • 早餐 (zǎocān)
  • 早餐會 / 早餐会
  • 晨餐
  • 晚餐 (wǎncān)
  • 會餐 / 会餐 (huìcān)
  • 服氣餐霞 / 服气餐霞
  • 服露餐霞
  • 朝餐
  • 朝餐夜宿
  • 棄餐 / 弃餐
  • 正餐 (zhèngcān)
  • 水宿風餐 / 水宿风餐
  • 渴飲飢餐 / 渴饮饥餐
  • 營養午餐 / 营养午餐
  • 特餐
  • 狼吞虎餐
  • 狼餐
  • 狼餐虎咽
  • 狼餐虎噬
  • 狼餐虎嚥 / 狼餐虎咽
  • 甘餐
  • 用餐 (yòngcān)
  • 盒餐
  • 盤餐 / 盘餐
  • 秀可餐
  • 秀色可餐 (xiùsèkěcān)
  • 秀色堪餐
  • 竊位素餐 / 窃位素餐
  • 糲食粗餐 / 粝食粗餐
  • 糲餐 / 粝餐
  • 素餐 (sùcān)
  • 素餐尸位
  • 聖餐 / 圣餐 (shèngcān)
  • 聚餐 (jùcān)
  • 自助餐 (zìzhùcān)
  • 西餐 (xīcān)
  • 誤餐 / 误餐
  • 誤餐費 / 误餐费
  • 辭餐 / 辞餐
  • 進餐 / 进餐 (jìncān)
  • 野餐 (yěcān)
  • 鋇餐 / 钡餐 (bèicān)
  • 雨宿風餐 / 雨宿风餐
  • 雨沐風餐 / 雨沐风餐
  • 雨臥風餐 / 雨卧风餐
  • 露宿風餐 / 露宿风餐 (lùsùfēngcān)
  • 露餐風宿 / 露餐风宿
  • 風宿水餐 / 风宿水餐
  • 風餐 / 风餐 (fēngcān)
  • 風餐水宿 / 风餐水宿
  • 風餐水棲 / 风餐水栖
  • 風餐雨宿 / 风餐雨宿
  • 風餐露宿 / 风餐露宿 (fēngcānlùsù)
  • 飢餐渴飲 / 饥餐渴饮
  • 飧餐
  • 飲露餐風 / 饮露餐风
  • 飲風餐露 / 饮风餐露
  • 飫餐 / 饫餐
  • 飽餐 / 饱餐 (bǎocān)
  • 餐事
  • 餐仰
  • 餐具 (cānjù)
  • 餐刀 (cāndāo)
  • 餐劇 / 餐剧
  • 餐勝 / 餐胜
  • 餐和
  • 餐啄
  • 餐啗
  • 餐啖
  • 餐嚼
  • 餐室 (cānshì)
  • 餐巾 (cānjīn)
  • 餐布
  • 餐廳 / 餐厅 (cāntīng, restaurant)
  • 餐廳秀 / 餐厅秀
  • 餐挹
  • 餐會 / 餐会
  • 餐服
  • 餐松啖柏
  • 餐松食柏
  • 餐松飲澗 / 餐松饮涧
  • 餐柴
  • 餐桌 (cānzhuō)
  • 餐氈 / 餐毡
  • 餐氈使 / 餐毡使
  • 餐氈蘇 / 餐毡苏
  • 餐玉
  • 餐痂
  • 餐盒 (cānhé)
  • 餐盤 / 餐盘 (cānpán)
  • 餐腥啄腐
  • 餐芝
  • 餐英
  • 餐苡
  • 餐葩飲露 / 餐葩饮露
  • 餐薇
  • 餐衛 / 餐卫
  • 餐車 / 餐车 (cānchē)
  • 餐錢 / 餐钱
  • 餐雲臥石 / 餐云卧石
  • 餐霞
  • 餐霞人
  • 餐霞吸露
  • 餐霞子
  • 餐霞客
  • 餐霞漱瀣
  • 餐霞飲景 / 餐霞饮景
  • 餐霞飲液 / 餐霞饮液
  • 餐霞飲瀣 / 餐霞饮瀣
  • 餐風 / 餐风
  • 餐風吸露 / 餐风吸露
  • 餐風咽露 / 餐风咽露
  • 餐風嚙雪 / 餐风啮雪
  • 餐風宿水 / 餐风宿水
  • 餐風宿草 / 餐风宿草
  • 餐風宿雨 / 餐风宿雨
  • 餐風宿露 / 餐风宿露 (cānfēngsùlù)
  • 餐風沐雨 / 餐风沐雨
  • 餐風茹雪 / 餐风茹雪
  • 餐風露宿 / 餐风露宿
  • 餐風飲露 / 餐风饮露
  • 餐食 (cānshí)
  • 餐飯 / 餐饭
  • 餐飲 / 餐饮 (cānyǐn)
  • 餐餌 / 餐饵
  • 餐館 / 餐馆 (cānguǎn, restaurant)
  • 餐魚 / 餐鱼
  • 餐鴿 / 餐鸽
  • 餐點 / 餐点 (cāndiǎn)
  • 饑餐渴飲 / 饥餐渴饮
  • 饔餐
  • 齧雪餐氈 / 啮雪餐毡

References

Japanese

Kanji

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

  • Go-on: さん (san)
  • Kan-on: さん (san)
  • Kun: たべもの (tabemono, )くう (kuu, 餐う)

Compounds


Kanji in this term
さん
Hyōgai
on'yomi

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [sã̠ɴ]

Noun

(さん) • (san

  1. eating and drinking
    最後(さいご)(ばん)(さん)
    saigo no bansan
    "The Last Supper" (painting by Leonardo da Vinci)

Korean

Hanja

• (chan, son) (hangeul , , revised chan, son, McCune–Reischauer ch'an, son, Yale chan, son)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: xun, san, xan

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.