-isa
See also: Appendix:Variations of "isa"
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-isa, possibly from Proto-Uralic. Related to Estonian -s (such as in jõudus (gen. jõudsa) ~ joutuisa), Ingrian -isa, Votic -sõ.
Suffix
-isa (front vowel harmony variant -isä, linguistic notation -isA)
- A suffix for making adjectives from some nouns and verbs.
Declension
| Inflection of -isa (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | -isa | -isat | |
| genitive | -isan | -isien | |
| partitive | -isaa | -isia | |
| illative | -isaan | -isiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | -isa | -isat | |
| accusative | nom. | -isa | -isat |
| gen. | -isan | ||
| genitive | -isan | -isien -isain rare | |
| partitive | -isaa | -isia | |
| inessive | -isassa | -isissa | |
| elative | -isasta | -isista | |
| illative | -isaan | -isiin | |
| adessive | -isalla | -isilla | |
| ablative | -isalta | -isilta | |
| allative | -isalle | -isille | |
| essive | -isana | -isina | |
| translative | -isaksi | -isiksi | |
| abessive | -isatta | -isitta | |
| instructive | — | -isin | |
| comitative | — | -isine | |
| Possessive forms of -isa (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms
Derived terms
Finnish terms suffixed with -isa
Anagrams
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *-isa. Cognates include Finnish -isa and Estonian -s.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /-isɑ/, [-is̠ɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /-isɑ/, [-iʒ̥ɑ]
Suffix
-isa (front vowel variant -isä)
- Used to form adjectives denoting an abundance of the suffixed noun.
- Used to form adjectives denoting having undergone the action of the suffixed verb.
Declension
| Declension of -isa (type 3/koira, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -isa | -isat |
| genitive | -isan | -isiin |
| partitive | -isaa | -isia |
| illative | -isaa | -isii |
| inessive | -isaas | -isiis |
| elative | -isast | -isist |
| allative | -isalle | -isille |
| adessive | -isaal | -isiil |
| ablative | -isalt | -isilt |
| translative | -isaks | -isiks |
| essive | -isanna, -isaan | -isinna, -isiin |
| exessive1) | -isant | -isint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
See also
Kongo
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-ícia.
Suffix
-isa
- Form causative verbs
Phuthi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-ícia.
Suffix
-isa
- Forms causative verbs.
Usage notes
The variant form -îsa is used with stems containing superclose vowels.
Derived terms
Southern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-ícia.
Suffix
-isa
- Forms causative verbs.
Derived terms
Swazi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-ícia.
Suffix
-isa
- Forms causative verbs.
Derived terms
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-ícia.
Suffix
-isa
- Forms causative verbs.
Derived terms
Xhosa terms suffixed with -isa
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-ícia.
Suffix
-isa
- Forms causative verbs.
Derived terms
Zulu terms suffixed with -isa
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-isa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-isa”