pelar
Albanian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /peˈlar/
- Rhymes: -ar
- Hyphenation: pe‧lár
Noun
pelar m (plural pelárë, definite pelári, definite plural pelárët)
References
- ^ Demiraj, Bardhyl et al. (2021) “pelar”, in DPEWA. Digitales Philologisch-Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altalbanischen [DPEWA. Digital Philological-Etymological Dictionary of Old Albanian]
Further reading
- FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language][1], 1980
- “pelar”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
- Mann, S. E. (1948) “pelar”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 359
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Latin pilāre (“to deprive of hair”).
Pronunciation
Verb
pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelí, past participle pelat); root stress: (Central) /ɛ/; (Valencia) /e/; (Balearic) /ə/
- (transitive) to peel, to skin
- pelar amb un ganivet ― to peel with a knife
- (intransitive, figurative) to bite, to sting (of cold)
- Hi fa un fred que pela. ― The cold is biting.
- (pronominal, figurative) to be freezing
- Em pelo de fred. ― I'm dying from cold.
- (transitive, figurative) to clean out (to take money from)
- Synonyms: prendre'ls, plomar
- (transitive, slang) to kill
- Synonym: matar
- Si crides et pelaré! ― If you scream, I'll kill you!
Conjugation
| infinitive | pelar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | pelant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | pelat | pelada | |||||
| plural | pelats | pelades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | pelo | peles | pela | pelem | peleu | pelen | |
| imperfect | pelava | pelaves | pelava | pelàvem | pelàveu | pelaven | |
| future | pelaré | pelaràs | pelarà | pelarem | pelareu | pelaran | |
| preterite | pelí | pelares | pelà | pelàrem | pelàreu | pelaren | |
| conditional | pelaria | pelaries | pelaria | pelaríem | pelaríeu | pelarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | peli | pelis | peli | pelem | peleu | pelin | |
| imperfect | pelés | pelessis | pelés | peléssim | peléssiu | pelessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| affirmative | — | pela | peli | pelem | peleu | pelin | |
| negative (no) | — | no pelis | no peli | no pelem | no peleu | no pelin | |
Derived terms
- espelegar
- pela-roques
- pelador
- pelapatates
- pelar-se-la
Further reading
- “pelar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “pelar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
- “pelar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
Galician
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /peˈlaɾ/ [peˈlaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Hyphenation: pe‧lar
Verb
pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelei, past participle pelado)
Conjugation
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | pelar | |||||
| Personal | pelar | pelares | pelar | pelarmos | pelardes | pelaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| pelando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | pelado | pelados | ||||
| Feminine | pelada | peladas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | pelo | pelas | pela | pelamos | pelades | pelan |
| Imperfect | pelaba | pelabas | pelaba | pelabamos | pelabades | pelaban |
| Preterite | pelei | pelaches | pelou | pelamos | pelastes | pelaron |
| Pluperfect | pelara | pelaras | pelara | pelaramos | pelarades | pelaran |
| Future | pelarei | pelarás | pelará | pelaremos | pelaredes | pelarán |
| Conditional | pelaría | pelarías | pelaría | pelariamos | pelariades | pelarían |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | pele | peles | pele | pelemos | peledes | pelen |
| Imperfect | pelase | pelases | pelase | pelásemos | pelásedes | pelasen |
| Future | pelar | pelares | pelar | pelarmos | pelardes | pelaren |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | pela | pele | pelemos | pelade | pelen | |
| Negative (non) | non peles | non pele | non pelemos | non peledes | non pelen | |
1Less recommended.
Further reading
- “pelar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
- “pelar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /peˈla(ʁ)/ [peˈla(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /peˈla(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /peˈla(ʁ)/ [peˈla(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /peˈla(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨˈlaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨˈla.ɾi/
- Hyphenation: pe‧lar
Etymology 1
From Old Galician-Portuguese pelar, from Latin pilāre (“to deprive of hair”), from pilus (“hair”), from Proto-Indo-European *pil- (“string of hair”). Doublet of pilhar.
Verb
pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelei, past participle pelado)
Conjugation
1Superseded.
2Brazilian Portuguese.
3European Portuguese.
Related terms
Etymology 2
From pele (“skin”) + -ar, from Old Galician-Portuguese pele (“pelt”), from Latin pellis (“pelt”), from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“skin”).
Verb
pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelei, past participle pelado)
- to skin (remove skin)
- to unclothe (make naked)
- Synonym: despir
- (Brazil, informal, usually in the gerund) to be extremely hot
- Eu fui pegar a caneca, mas a água estava pelando e eu me queimei.
- I went to grab the mug, but the water was boiling hot and I burned myself.
Conjugation
1Superseded.
2Brazilian Portuguese.
3European Portuguese.
Related terms
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Latin pilāre (“deprive of hair”). Doublet of pillar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /peˈlaɾ/ [peˈlaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: pe‧lar
Verb
pelar (first-person singular present pelo, first-person singular preterite pelé, past participle pelado)
- to peel (fruits, vegetables)
- to skin (an animal)
- Synonym: despellejar
- to shell (nuts, shellfish)
- to unwrap
- Synonym: desenvolver
- to pluck (a bird)
- Synonym: desplumar
- to cut the hair of
- Synonym: cortar
- (transitive) to spread negative gossip, run down, criticise somebody
- Synonyms: dejar negro, morder, trasquilar
- to exfoliate
- Synonym: exfoliar
- (colloquial) to steal
- (colloquial) to fleece
- (transitive, Mexico, colloquial, especially in the negative) to notice someone, to pay attention to someone
- Synonym: hacer caso
- (transitive, reflexive, vulgar) to not matter
- Me la pela. ― I don't give a fuck.
- (reflexive) to have one's hair cut
- (reflexive) to lose one's hair, to go bald
- (reflexive) to peel (of skin, from the sun, etc.)
- (reflexive) to fray (rope, wire)
- Synonym: deshilacharse
- to strip (to remove the insulation from a wire/cable)
- Hay que pelar el cable para poder conectarlo al conector.
- The cable must be stripped to be able to connect it to the connector.
- (reflexive) (Chile) to steal
- (reflexive) (Chile) to flirt
- (reflexive) (Chile) to make out with a stranger at a social event
Conjugation
| infinitive | pelar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | pelando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | pelado | pelada | |||||
| plural | pelados | peladas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | pelo | pelastú pelásvos |
pela | pelamos | peláis | pelan | |
| imperfect | pelaba | pelabas | pelaba | pelábamos | pelabais | pelaban | |
| preterite | pelé | pelaste | peló | pelamos | pelasteis | pelaron | |
| future | pelaré | pelarás | pelará | pelaremos | pelaréis | pelarán | |
| conditional | pelaría | pelarías | pelaría | pelaríamos | pelaríais | pelarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | pele | pelestú pelésvos2 |
pele | pelemos | peléis | pelen | |
| imperfect (ra) |
pelara | pelaras | pelara | peláramos | pelarais | pelaran | |
| imperfect (se) |
pelase | pelases | pelase | pelásemos | pelaseis | pelasen | |
| future1 | pelare | pelares | pelare | peláremos | pelareis | pelaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | pelatú pelávos |
pele | pelemos | pelad | pelen | ||
| negative | no peles | no pele | no pelemos | no peléis | no pelen | ||
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive pelar | dative | pelarme | pelarte | pelarle, pelarse | pelarnos | pelaros | pelarles, pelarse |
| accusative | pelarme | pelarte | pelarlo, pelarla, pelarse | pelarnos | pelaros | pelarlos, pelarlas, pelarse | |
| with gerund pelando | dative | pelándome | pelándote | pelándole, pelándose | pelándonos | pelándoos | pelándoles, pelándose |
| accusative | pelándome | pelándote | pelándolo, pelándola, pelándose | pelándonos | pelándoos | pelándolos, pelándolas, pelándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative pela | dative | pélame | pélate | pélale | pélanos | not used | pélales |
| accusative | pélame | pélate | pélalo, pélala | pélanos | not used | pélalos, pélalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative pelá | dative | pelame | pelate | pelale | pelanos | not used | pelales |
| accusative | pelame | pelate | pelalo, pelala | pelanos | not used | pelalos, pelalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative pele | dative | péleme | not used | pélele, pélese | pélenos | not used | péleles |
| accusative | péleme | not used | pélelo, pélela, pélese | pélenos | not used | pélelos, pélelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative pelemos | dative | not used | pelémoste | pelémosle | pelémonos | pelémoos | pelémosles |
| accusative | not used | pelémoste | pelémoslo, pelémosla | pelémonos | pelémoos | pelémoslos, pelémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative pelad | dative | peladme | not used | peladle | peladnos | pelaos | peladles |
| accusative | peladme | not used | peladlo, peladla | peladnos | pelaos | peladlos, peladlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative pelen | dative | pélenme | not used | pélenle | pélennos | not used | pélenles, pélense |
| accusative | pélenme | not used | pélenlo, pélenla | pélennos | not used | pélenlos, pélenlas, pélense | |
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “pelar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024