pesar
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Old Catalan pesar, from Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pensar.
Pronunciation
Verb
pesar (first-person singular present peso, first-person singular preterite pesí, past participle pesat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/
- to weigh, to have a certain weight
- to weigh, to measure the weight of
- to ponder, to consider
- (impersonal) to regret
- Li pesa d'haver pres aquella decisió. ― He regrets having made that decision.
Conjugation
| infinitive | pesar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | pesant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | pesat | pesada | |||||
| plural | pesats | pesades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | peso | peses | pesa | pesem | peseu | pesen | |
| imperfect | pesava | pesaves | pesava | pesàvem | pesàveu | pesaven | |
| future | pesaré | pesaràs | pesarà | pesarem | pesareu | pesaran | |
| preterite | pesí | pesares | pesà | pesàrem | pesàreu | pesaren | |
| conditional | pesaria | pesaries | pesaria | pesaríem | pesaríeu | pesarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | pesi | pesis | pesi | pesem | peseu | pesin | |
| imperfect | pesés | pesessis | pesés | peséssim | peséssiu | pesessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| affirmative | — | pesa | pesi | pesem | peseu | pesin | |
| negative (no) | — | no pesis | no pesi | no pesem | no peseu | no pesin | |
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- “pesar”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007
- “pesar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2025
- “pesar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “pesar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Franco-Provençal
Etymology
Inherited from Latin pensāre. Doublet of pensar (“to think”)
Verb
pesar (ORB, broad)
- to weigh
References
- peser in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
- pesar in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese pesar (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin pēnsāre (“ponder, weigh”). Compare the doublet pensar.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [peˈsaɾ]
Verb
pesar (first-person singular present peso, first-person singular preterite pesei, past participle pesado)
- (transitive) to weigh (measure the weight of)
- (intransitive) to weigh (have a certain weight)
- (impersonal) to grieve, sadden, burden
Conjugation
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | pesar | |||||
| Personal | pesar | pesares | pesar | pesarmos | pesardes | pesaren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| pesando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | pesado | pesados | ||||
| Feminine | pesada | pesadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | peso | pesas | pesa | pesamos | pesades | pesan |
| Imperfect | pesaba | pesabas | pesaba | pesabamos | pesabades | pesaban |
| Preterite | pesei | pesaches | pesou | pesamos | pesastes | pesaron |
| Pluperfect | pesara | pesaras | pesara | pesaramos | pesarades | pesaran |
| Future | pesarei | pesarás | pesará | pesaremos | pesaredes | pesarán |
| Conditional | pesaría | pesarías | pesaría | pesariamos | pesariades | pesarían |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | pese | peses | pese | pesemos | pesedes | pesen |
| Imperfect | pesase | pesases | pesase | pesásemos | pesásedes | pesasen |
| Future | pesar | pesares | pesar | pesarmos | pesardes | pesaren |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | pesa | pese | pesemos | pesade | pesen | |
| Negative (non) | non peses | non pese | non pesemos | non pesedes | non pesen | |
1Less recommended.
Noun
pesar m (plural pesares)
Derived terms
References
- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “pesar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “pesar”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “pesar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “pesar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “pesar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “pesar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “pesar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Old Occitan
Etymology
From Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pensar.
Verb
pesar
- (transitive) to weigh (measure the weight of)
- (intransitive) to weigh (have a certain weight)
- (transitive) to bother; to worry
Descendants
- Occitan: pesar
References
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “pensāre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 8: Patavia–Pix, page 189
Old Spanish
Etymology
From Latin pēnsāre. Compare the doublet pensar.
Verb
pesar
- to weigh
- to burden
- c. 1140, “Cantar primero. Destierro del Cid”, in Cantar de Mio Cid:
- Si a vós ploguiere, Minaya, e non vos caya en pesar
- If it pleases you, Minaya, and doesn't fall on you with burden
Descendants
- Spanish: pesar
Portuguese
Alternative forms
- pezar (archaic)
Etymology 1
From Old Galician-Portuguese pesar, from Latin pēnsāre (“ponder, weigh”). Compare the doublet pensar.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /peˈza(ʁ)/ [peˈza(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /peˈza(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /peˈza(ʁ)/ [peˈza(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /peˈza(ɻ)/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨˈzaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨˈza.ɾi/
Verb
pesar (first-person singular present peso, first-person singular preterite pesei, past participle pesado)
- to weigh (determine the weight of an object)
- Synonym: sopesar
- to weigh (have a certain weight)
- to influence (to exert an influence upon)
- Synonym: influenciar
- (intransitive) to be heavy
- (of a food or meal) to cause heartburn or indigestion
- Synonym: queimar
- to burden (cause worry or pressure)
- Synonyms: pressionar, sobrecarregar
Conjugation
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | pesar | |||||
| Personal | pesar | pesares | pesar | pesarmos | pesardes | pesarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| pesando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | pesado | pesados | ||||
| Feminine | pesada | pesadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | peso | pesas | pesa | pesamos | pesais | pesam |
| Imperfect | pesava | pesavas | pesava | pesávamos | pesáveis | pesavam |
| Preterite | pesei | pesaste | pesou | pesamos1, pesámos2 | pesastes | pesaram |
| Pluperfect | pesara | pesaras | pesara | pesáramos | pesáreis | pesaram |
| Future | pesarei | pesarás | pesará | pesaremos | pesareis | pesarão |
| Conditional | pesaria | pesarias | pesaria | pesaríamos | pesaríeis | pesariam |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | pese | peses | pese | pesemos | peseis | pesem |
| Imperfect | pesasse | pesasses | pesasse | pesássemos | pesásseis | pesassem |
| Future | pesar | pesares | pesar | pesarmos | pesardes | pesarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | pesa | pese | pesemos | pesai | pesem | |
| Negative (não) | não peses | não pese | não pesemos | não peseis | não pesem | |
1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Quotations
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:pesar.
Related terms
Etymology 2
Nominalization of Etymology 1.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /peˈzaʁ/ [peˈzah]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /peˈzaɾ/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /peˈzaʁ/ [peˈzaχ]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /peˈzaɻ/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨˈzaɾ/
- (Southern Portugal) IPA(key): /pɨˈza.ɾi/
- Hyphenation: pe‧sar
Noun
pesar m (plural pesares)
Quotations
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:pesar.
Spanish
Etymology
Inherited from Old Spanish pesar, from Latin pēnsāre, whence also the doublet pensar 'think'. Cognate with English poise, French peser, Italian pesare, Portuguese pesar, and Romanian păsa.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /peˈsaɾ/ [peˈsaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: pe‧sar
Verb
pesar (first-person singular present peso, first-person singular preterite pesé, past participle pesado)
- (transitive) to weigh (to determine the weight of an object)
- (transitive) to weigh (to have a certain weight)
- Un galón de agua pesa 3,78 kilos.
- A gallon of water weighs 3.78 kilos.
- to ponder
- to be serious, to be grave
- (reflexive) to weigh oneself
Conjugation
| infinitive | pesar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | pesando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | pesado | pesada | |||||
| plural | pesados | pesadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | peso | pesastú pesásvos |
pesa | pesamos | pesáis | pesan | |
| imperfect | pesaba | pesabas | pesaba | pesábamos | pesabais | pesaban | |
| preterite | pesé | pesaste | pesó | pesamos | pesasteis | pesaron | |
| future | pesaré | pesarás | pesará | pesaremos | pesaréis | pesarán | |
| conditional | pesaría | pesarías | pesaría | pesaríamos | pesaríais | pesarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | pese | pesestú pesésvos2 |
pese | pesemos | peséis | pesen | |
| imperfect (ra) |
pesara | pesaras | pesara | pesáramos | pesarais | pesaran | |
| imperfect (se) |
pesase | pesases | pesase | pesásemos | pesaseis | pesasen | |
| future1 | pesare | pesares | pesare | pesáremos | pesareis | pesaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | pesatú pesávos |
pese | pesemos | pesad | pesen | ||
| negative | no peses | no pese | no pesemos | no peséis | no pesen | ||
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive pesar | dative | pesarme | pesarte | pesarle, pesarse | pesarnos | pesaros | pesarles, pesarse |
| accusative | pesarme | pesarte | pesarlo, pesarla, pesarse | pesarnos | pesaros | pesarlos, pesarlas, pesarse | |
| with gerund pesando | dative | pesándome | pesándote | pesándole, pesándose | pesándonos | pesándoos | pesándoles, pesándose |
| accusative | pesándome | pesándote | pesándolo, pesándola, pesándose | pesándonos | pesándoos | pesándolos, pesándolas, pesándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative pesa | dative | pésame | pésate | pésale | pésanos | not used | pésales |
| accusative | pésame | pésate | pésalo, pésala | pésanos | not used | pésalos, pésalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative pesá | dative | pesame | pesate | pesale | pesanos | not used | pesales |
| accusative | pesame | pesate | pesalo, pesala | pesanos | not used | pesalos, pesalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative pese | dative | péseme | not used | pésele, pésese | pésenos | not used | péseles |
| accusative | péseme | not used | péselo, pésela, pésese | pésenos | not used | péselos, péselas | |
| with first-person plural imperative pesemos | dative | not used | pesémoste | pesémosle | pesémonos | pesémoos | pesémosles |
| accusative | not used | pesémoste | pesémoslo, pesémosla | pesémonos | pesémoos | pesémoslos, pesémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative pesad | dative | pesadme | not used | pesadle | pesadnos | pesaos | pesadles |
| accusative | pesadme | not used | pesadlo, pesadla | pesadnos | pesaos | pesadlos, pesadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative pesen | dative | pésenme | not used | pésenle | pésennos | not used | pésenles, pésense |
| accusative | pésenme | not used | pésenlo, pésenla | pésennos | not used | pésenlos, pésenlas, pésense | |
Derived terms
Related terms
Noun
pesar m (plural pesares)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “pesar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024