unda

See also: undã, undă, and -unda

Adnyamathanha

Etymology

cf Ngadjuri gunda, (small wallaby)

Noun

unda

  1. (black) wallaby

Interlingua

Noun

unda (plural undas)

  1. wave

Latin

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from a collective of Proto-Indo-European *udn-om n (“body of water”) (compare Latvian ūdens (“water”)) reanalysed as a feminine singular and with metathesis of *-dn- to *-nd-, from *wódr̥, *udn- (“water”), attested in Italic as Umbrian 𐌖𐌕𐌖𐌓 (utur, “water”).[1]

The resemblance to Proto-Germanic *unþī (“wave”) appears to be coincidental, with at most minor semantic confluence.

Pronunciation

Noun

unda f (genitive undae); first declension

  1. wave
  2. billow

Declension

First-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative unda undae
genitive undae undārum
dative undae undīs
accusative undam undās
ablative undā undīs
vocative unda undae

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “unda”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 641

Further reading

  • “unda”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “unda”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • unda in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be engulfed: fluctibus (undis) obrui,submergi

Northern Kurdish

Adjective

unda

  1. alternative form of winda

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese onde and Spanish donde and Kabuverdianu undi.

Adverb

unda

  1. where

Romanian

Etymology 1

Noun

unda f

  1. definite nominative/accusative singular of undă

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin undāre. Compare Aromanian undedz, undari.

Verb

a unda (third-person singular present undează, past participle undat) 1st conjugation

  1. (rare) to undulate, wave, make move like a wave
  2. (popular) to bubble up, boil, seethe, surge
Conjugation
    conjugation of unda (first conjugation, -ez- infix)
infinitive a unda
gerund undând
past participle undat
number singular plural
person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present undez undezi undează undăm undați undează
imperfect undam undai unda undam undați undau
simple perfect undai undași undă undarăm undarăți undară
pluperfect undasem undaseși undase undaserăm undaserăți undaseră
subjunctive eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present să undez să undezi să undeze să undăm să undați să undeze
imperative — tu — — voi —
affirmative undează undați
negative nu unda nu undați
Synonyms

Romansch

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin unda.

Noun

unda f (plural undas)

  1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Sutsilvan) wave

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-unda (infinitive kuunda)

  1. to manufacture, to construct

Conjugation

Conjugation of -unda
Positive present -naunda
Subjunctive -unde
Negative -undi
Imperative singular unda
Infinitives
Positive kuunda
Negative kutounda
Imperatives
Singular unda
Plural undeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huunda
Positive past positive subject concord + -liunda
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuunda
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naunda)
Singular Plural
1st person ninaunda/naunda tunaunda
2nd person unaunda mnaunda
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anaunda wanaunda
other classes positive subject concord + -naunda
Negative present (negative subject concord + -undi)
Singular Plural
1st person siundi hatuundi
2nd person huundi hamuundi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) haundi hawaundi
other classes negative subject concord + -undi
Positive future positive subject concord + -taunda
Negative future negative subject concord + -taunda
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -unde)
Singular Plural
1st person niunde tuunde
2nd person uunde muunde
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aunde waunde
other classes positive subject concord + -unde
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siunde
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeunda
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeunda
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliunda
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliunda
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aunda)
Singular Plural
1st person naunda twaunda
2nd person waunda mwaunda
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aunda waunda
m-mi(III/IV) waunda yaunda
ji-ma(V/VI) launda yaunda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chaunda vyaunda
n(IX/X) yaunda zaunda
u(XI) waunda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwaunda
pa(XVI) paunda
mu(XVIII) mwaunda
Perfect positive subject concord + -meunda
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshaunda
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jaunda
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kiunda
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipounda
Consecutive kaunda / positive subject concord + -kaunda
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaunde
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -niunda -tuunda
2nd person -kuunda -waunda/-kuundeni/-waundeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -muunda -waunda
m-mi(III/IV) -uunda -iunda
ji-ma(V/VI) -liunda -yaunda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiunda -viunda
n(IX/X) -iunda -ziunda
u(XI) -uunda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuunda
pa(XVI) -paunda
mu(XVIII) -muunda
Reflexive -jiunda
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -unda- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -undaye -undao
m-mi(III/IV) -undao -undayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -undalo -undayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -undacho -undavyo
n(IX/X) -undayo -undazo
u(XI) -undao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -undako
pa(XVI) -undapo
mu(XVIII) -undamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -unda)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yeunda -ounda
m-mi(III/IV) -ounda -younda
ji-ma(V/VI) -lounda -younda
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chounda -vyounda
n(IX/X) -younda -zounda
u(XI) -ounda see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kounda
pa(XVI) -pounda
mu(XVIII) -mounda
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

  • Nominal derivations:

Tagalog

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ʔunˈdaʔ/ [ʔʊn̪ˈd̪aʔ]
  • Rhymes: -aʔ
  • Syllabification: un‧da

Noun

undâ (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜈ᜔ᜇ)

  1. towing; hauling of a boat, raft, or vehicle using a rope or chain
  2. (obsolete) towrope; towline
  3. (obsolete) tying a boat to a pole to avoid sinking
  4. (obsolete) carrying wood on the shoulder
Derived terms
  • ipag-unda
  • maunda
  • pag-unda
  • umunda
  • undaan
  • undain

See also

Etymology 2

Early borrowing of Spanish honra, earlier spelled as honrra.

Pronunciation

  • (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ʔunˈda/ [ʔʊn̪ˈd̪a]
  • Rhymes: -a
  • Syllabification: un‧da

Noun

undá (Baybayin spelling ᜂᜈ᜔ᜇ) (obsolete)

  1. honor or privilege on paper given to nobility
  2. merit; honor
    Itong paghahanap mo ng unda, siya yatang ikapapakasama mo.
    This search of yours for honor, may be your condemnation.
Derived terms
  • mag-unda
  • pag-undahan

Further reading

  • “unda”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2024
  • “unda”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
  • Panganiban, José Villa (1973) Diksyunaryo-Tesauro Pilipino-Ingles (overall work in Tagalog and English), Quezon City: Manlapaz Publishing Co., page 1011
  • Serrano-Laktaw, Pedro (1914) Diccionario tagálog-hispano, Ateneo de Manila, page 1360.
  • Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860) Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎[2] (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
  • San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero‎[3], La Noble Villa de Pila
    • page 38: “Ajorro) Onda (pc) lleuar algo por mar o rio”
    • page 356: “Honrra) Onra (pc) C. o priuilejio en papel”
    • page 398: “Lleuar) Onda (pc) atado a barca palo biga o otra coſa colgada para q̃ no ſe hunda”
    • page 454: “Onor) Onra (pc) C. que vno procura mereçiendola ono”
    • page 498: “Priuilegio) Onra (pc) C. que [ſe da] por prinçipalia”
    • page 554: “Sirga) Onda (pc) de coſas que lleuan por agua”
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