رد

See also: زد

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ر د د (r d d)
18 terms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /rad.da/

Verb

رَدَّ • (radda) I (non-past يَرُدُّ (yaruddu), verbal noun رَدّ (radd))

  1. (transitive) to return, to bring back, to put back
    رَدَدْتُ ٱلْمَالَ فِي جَيْبِي.
    radadtu l-māla fī jaybī.
    I put the money back into my pocket.
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 62:8:
      قُلۡ إِنَّ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ ٱلَّذِي تَفِرُّونَ مِنۡهُ فَإِنَّهُۥ مُلَٰقِيكُمۡۖ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَٰلِمِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ.
      "Say: 'Lo! the death from which ye shrink will surely meet you, and afterward ye will be returned unto the Knower of the Invisible and the Visible, and He will tell you what ye used to do.'"
  2. to reply, to answer, to respond
  3. to repel
  4. to resist
  5. to refuse
  6. to reject
  7. to restrain, to keep (someone مِن (min) something)
  8. to refute
  9. to dissuade
  10. to reinstate
Conjugation
Conjugation of رَدَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive, verbal noun رَدّ)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
رَدّ
radd
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
رَادّ
rādd
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
مَرْدُود
mardūd
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m رَدَدْتُ
radadtu
رَدَدْتَ
radadta
رَدَّ
radda
رَدَدْتُمَا
radadtumā
رَدَّا
raddā
رَدَدْنَا
radadnā
رَدَدْتُمْ
radadtum
رَدُّوا
raddū
f رَدَدْتِ
radadti
رَدَّتْ
raddat
رَدَّتَا
raddatā
رَدَدْتُنَّ
radadtunna
رَدَدْنَ
radadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أَرُدُّ
ʔaruddu
تَرُدُّ
taruddu
يَرُدُّ
yaruddu
تَرُدَّانِ
taruddāni
يَرُدَّانِ
yaruddāni
نَرُدُّ
naruddu
تَرُدُّونَ
taruddūna
يَرُدُّونَ
yaruddūna
f تَرُدِّينَ
taruddīna
تَرُدُّ
taruddu
تَرُدَّانِ
taruddāni
تَرْدُدْنَ
tardudna
يَرْدُدْنَ
yardudna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أَرُدَّ
ʔarudda
تَرُدَّ
tarudda
يَرُدَّ
yarudda
تَرُدَّا
taruddā
يَرُدَّا
yaruddā
نَرُدَّ
narudda
تَرُدُّوا
taruddū
يَرُدُّوا
yaruddū
f تَرُدِّي
taruddī
تَرُدَّ
tarudda
تَرُدَّا
taruddā
تَرْدُدْنَ
tardudna
يَرْدُدْنَ
yardudna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أَرُدَّ, أَرُدِّ, أَرْدُدْ
ʔarudda, ʔaruddi, ʔardud
تَرُدَّ, تَرُدِّ, تَرْدُدْ
tarudda, taruddi, tardud
يَرُدَّ, يَرُدِّ, يَرْدُدْ
yarudda, yaruddi, yardud
تَرُدَّا
taruddā
يَرُدَّا
yaruddā
نَرُدَّ, نَرُدِّ, نَرْدُدْ
narudda, naruddi, nardud
تَرُدُّوا
taruddū
يَرُدُّوا
yaruddū
f تَرُدِّي
taruddī
تَرُدَّ, تَرُدِّ, تَرْدُدْ
tarudda, taruddi, tardud
تَرُدَّا
taruddā
تَرْدُدْنَ
tardudna
يَرْدُدْنَ
yardudna
imperative
الْأَمْر
m رُدَّ, رُدِّ, اُرْدُدْ
rudda, ruddi, urdud
رُدَّا
ruddā
رُدُّوا
ruddū
f رُدِّي
ruddī
اُرْدُدْنَ
urdudna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد
dual
الْمُثَنَّى
plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم
2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب
3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي
m رُدِدْتُ
rudidtu
رُدِدْتَ
rudidta
رُدَّ
rudda
رُدِدْتُمَا
rudidtumā
رُدَّا
ruddā
رُدِدْنَا
rudidnā
رُدِدْتُمْ
rudidtum
رُدُّوا
ruddū
f رُدِدْتِ
rudidti
رُدَّتْ
ruddat
رُدَّتَا
ruddatā
رُدِدْتُنَّ
rudidtunna
رُدِدْنَ
rudidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع
m أُرَدُّ
ʔuraddu
تُرَدُّ
turaddu
يُرَدُّ
yuraddu
تُرَدَّانِ
turaddāni
يُرَدَّانِ
yuraddāni
نُرَدُّ
nuraddu
تُرَدُّونَ
turaddūna
يُرَدُّونَ
yuraddūna
f تُرَدِّينَ
turaddīna
تُرَدُّ
turaddu
تُرَدَّانِ
turaddāni
تُرْدَدْنَ
turdadna
يُرْدَدْنَ
yurdadna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب
m أُرَدَّ
ʔuradda
تُرَدَّ
turadda
يُرَدَّ
yuradda
تُرَدَّا
turaddā
يُرَدَّا
yuraddā
نُرَدَّ
nuradda
تُرَدُّوا
turaddū
يُرَدُّوا
yuraddū
f تُرَدِّي
turaddī
تُرَدَّ
turadda
تُرَدَّا
turaddā
تُرْدَدْنَ
turdadna
يُرْدَدْنَ
yurdadna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم
m أُرَدَّ, أُرَدِّ, أُرْدَدْ
ʔuradda, ʔuraddi, ʔurdad
تُرَدَّ, تُرَدِّ, تُرْدَدْ
turadda, turaddi, turdad
يُرَدَّ, يُرَدِّ, يُرْدَدْ
yuradda, yuraddi, yurdad
تُرَدَّا
turaddā
يُرَدَّا
yuraddā
نُرَدَّ, نُرَدِّ, نُرْدَدْ
nuradda, nuraddi, nurdad
تُرَدُّوا
turaddū
يُرَدُّوا
yuraddū
f تُرَدِّي
turaddī
تُرَدَّ, تُرَدِّ, تُرْدَدْ
turadda, turaddi, turdad
تُرَدَّا
turaddā
تُرْدَدْنَ
turdadna
يُرْدَدْنَ
yurdadna
Descendants
  • Swahili: -rudi

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /radd/

Noun

رَدّ • (raddm (plural رُدُود (rudūd))

  1. verbal noun of رَدَّ (radda) (form I)
  2. refusal
  3. repulse
  4. refutation
  5. hindrance
  6. restitution, return
  7. reply
  8. restoration to a former state
Declension
Declension of noun رَدّ (radd)
singular basic singular triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal رَدّ
radd
الرَّدّ
ar-radd
رَدّ
radd
nominative رَدٌّ
raddun
الرَّدُّ
ar-raddu
رَدُّ
raddu
accusative رَدًّا
raddan
الرَّدَّ
ar-radda
رَدَّ
radda
genitive رَدٍّ
raddin
الرَّدِّ
ar-raddi
رَدِّ
raddi
dual indefinite definite construct
informal رَدَّيْن
raddayn
الرَّدَّيْن
ar-raddayn
رَدَّيْ
radday
nominative رَدَّانِ
raddāni
الرَّدَّانِ
ar-raddāni
رَدَّا
raddā
accusative رَدَّيْنِ
raddayni
الرَّدَّيْنِ
ar-raddayni
رَدَّيْ
radday
genitive رَدَّيْنِ
raddayni
الرَّدَّيْنِ
ar-raddayni
رَدَّيْ
radday
plural basic broken plural triptote
indefinite definite construct
informal رُدُود
rudūd
الرُّدُود
ar-rudūd
رُدُود
rudūd
nominative رُدُودٌ
rudūdun
الرُّدُودُ
ar-rudūdu
رُدُودُ
rudūdu
accusative رُدُودًا
rudūdan
الرُّدُودَ
ar-rudūda
رُدُودَ
rudūda
genitive رُدُودٍ
rudūdin
الرُّدُودِ
ar-rudūdi
رُدُودِ
rudūdi
Descendants
  • Ottoman Turkish: رد (red)
  • Classical Persian: رد (radd) (see there for further descendants)
  • Swahili: rada
References
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[1], London: W.H. Allen
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Adjective

رَدّ • (radd)

  1. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) vomiting
  2. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) bad
  3. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) worthless
References
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[2], London: W.H. Allen
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 3

Verb

رِدْ • (rid) (form I) /rid/

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of وَرَدَ (warada)

Egyptian Arabic

Root
ر د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /rɑdː/

Verb

رد • (radd) I (non-past يرد (yirudd))

  1. (with على) to answer, reply (to)

Conjugation

Conjugation of رد
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m رديت (raddēt) رديت (raddēt) رد (radd) ردينا (raddēna) رديتوا (raddētu) ردوا (raddu)
f رديتي (raddēti) ردت (raddit)
present subjunctive m ارد (arudd) ترد (tirudd) يرد (yirudd) نرد (nirudd) تردوا (tiruddu) يردوا (yiruddu)
f تردي (tiruddi) ترد (tírudd)
present indicative m برد (barudd) بترد (bitrudd) بيرد (biyrudd) بنرد (binrudd) بتردوا (bitruddu) بيردوا (biyruddu)
f بتردي (bitruddi) بترد (bitrúdd)
future1 m هرد (harudd) هترد (hatrudd) هيرد (hayrudd) هنرد (hanrudd) هتردوا (hatruddu) هيردوا (hayruddu)
f هتردي (hatruddi) هترد (hatrudd)
imperative m رد (rudd) ردوا (ruddu)
f ردي (ruddi)

1 The future tense can be prefixed with either هـ (ha-) or حـ (ḥa-) depending on the speaker.

Gojri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رَدّ (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Adjective

رَد (rad) (indeclinable)

  1. refutation, rejection, cancellation

Further reading

  • Dr Rafique Anjum (2018) Concise Gojri-Kashmiri-English Dictionary, New Delhi: Adam Publishers & Distributors, →ISBN, page 254.
  • Javaid Rahi (2015) گوجری ڈکشنری [Gojri Dictionary] (in Gojri), page 544, column 1.

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /rəd(ː)/ (base verb; noun)
  • IPA(key): /rɪd(ː)/ (imperative verb)

Verb

رد • (rad(d)) I (non-past يرد (yrid(d)))

  1. to return, to come back
  2. to reply, to answer, to respond
  3. (transitive) to send back, to return

Noun

رد • (rad(d)m (plural ردود (r(u)dūd))

  1. a response, an answer

Verb

رد • (rid(d))

  1. second-person masculine singular active imperative of رد (rad(d))

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ر د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Verb

رَدّ • (radd) I (non-past يِرُدّ (yirudd))

  1. to reply, to respond, to answer [with على]

Conjugation

Conjugation of رد
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ردّيت (raddēt) ردّيت (raddēt) ردّ (radd) ردّينا (raddēna) ردّيتوا (raddētu) ردّوا (raddu)
f ردّيتي (raddēti) ردّت (raddat)
non-past m أردّ (ʔarudd) تردّ (tirudd) يردّ (yirudd) نردّ (nirudd) تردّوا (tiruddu) يردّوا (yiruddu)
f تردّي (tiruddi) تردّ (tirudd)
imperative m ردّ (rudd) ردّوا (ruddu)
f ردّي (ruddi)

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ر د د
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /radː/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

رد • (radd) I (non-past يرُد (yrudd) or يرَد (yradd))

  1. to reply, to answer, to respond [with على]
  2. to give back
  3. (intransitive) to vomit

Conjugation

Conjugation of رد
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ردّيت (raddīt) ردّيتي (raddīti) ردّ (radd) ردّينا (raddīna) ردّيتوا (raddītu) ردّوا (raddu)
f ردّت (raddāt)
non-past m نردّ (nrudd) تردّ (trudd) يردّ (yrudd) نردّوا (nruddu) تردّوا (truddu) يردّوا (yruddu)
f تردّي (truddi) تردّ (trudd)
imperative m ردّ (rudd) ردّوا (ruddu)
f ردّي (ruddi)
Conjugation of رد
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ردّيت (raddīt) ردّيتي (raddīti) ردّ (radd) ردّينا (raddīna) ردّيتوا (raddītu) ردّوا (raddu)
f ردّت (raddāt)
non-past m نردّ (nradd) تردّ (tradd) يردّ (yradd) نردّوا (nraddu) تردّوا (traddu) يردّوا (yraddu)
f تردّي (traddi) تردّ (tradd)
imperative m ردّ (radd) ردّوا (raddu)
f ردّي (raddi)

Persian

Etymology 1

See راد (râd).

Noun

رد • (rad)

  1. (archaic) sage (wise person)
  2. an important person in Zoroastrianism

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

رد • (rad)

  1. track
  2. trace
  3. footprint
Derived terms
  • رد پا (radd-e pâ)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Pronunciation

 

Readings
Classical reading? rad
Dari reading? rad
Iranian reading? rad
Tajik reading? rad

Noun

رد • (radd)

  1. rejection
Derived terms
Descendants

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ر د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

Verb

ردّ • (radd) I (present بردّ (birodd))

  1. to reply, to respond, to answer (+ على)
    بسلّم عليه وما بردّ.
    basallem ʕalēh w-mā birodd.
    I greet him and he doesn't respond.
    ردّ على سؤالي، وين كنت مبارح؟
    rodd ʕala suʔāli: wēn kunt mbāreḥ?
    Answer my question: Where were you yesterday?
    ردّ عالتلفون.radd ʕal-telfōn.He answered the phone.
  2. to listen to, to follow (advice, instructions)
  3. to obey (+ على)
    الولاد لازم يردّو على أهلهم.
    l-ūlād lāzem yroddu ʕala ʔahl-hom.
    Children must do as they are told by their parents.
    (literally, “Children must obey their parents.”)
  4. to close
    Synonym: سكّر (sakkar)
    ردّ الباب بسرعة!rodd il-bāb bsurʕa!Close the door quickly!

Conjugation

Conjugation of رد
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ردّيت (raddēt) ردّيت (raddēt) ردّ (radd) ردّينا (raddēna) ردّيتو (raddētu) ردّو (raddu)
f ردّيتي (raddēti) ردّت (raddat)
present m بردّ (barodd) بتردّ (bitrodd) بردّ (birodd) منردّ (minrodd) بتردّو (bitroddu) بردّو (biroddu)
f بتردّي (bitroddi) بتردّ (bitrodd)
subjunctive m اردّ (arodd) تردّ (trodd) يردّ (yrodd) نردّ (nrodd) تردّو (troddu) يردّو (yroddu)
f تردّي (troddi) تردّ (trodd)
imperative m ردّ (rodd) ردّو (roddu)
f ردّي (roddi)

Noun

رد • (raddm (plural ردود (rudūd))

  1. a response, an answer, a reply, a reaction

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian رد (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Pronunciation

Adjective

رَدّ • (radd) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling रद्द)

  1. cancelled, rejected; null and void

Further reading

  • رد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “رد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 590
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “رد”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 340
  • رد”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.