後裔

See also: 后裔

Chinese

		back; behind; rear back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later	descendants; frontier
trad. (後裔)		後	裔
simp. (后裔)		后	裔

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hòuyì

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄡˋ ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hau⁶ jeoi⁶
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): heu-yí

(Hailu, HRS): heu^˖ rhi^˖
Puxian Min (Putian, Pouseng Ping'ing): hieo⁵ e⁴
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): hō͘-ē / hiǒ-ē / hō͘-ī / hō͘-è / hō͘-ì

(Teochew, Peng'im): ao⁶ i⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hòuyì
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄡˋ ㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hòuyì
  - Wade–Giles: hou⁴-i⁴
  - Yale: hòu-yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: howyih
  - Palladius: хоуи (xoui)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    厚意
    后羿
    後裔 / 后裔
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: hau⁶ jeoi⁶
  - Yale: hauh yeuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hau⁶ joey⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: heo⁶ yêu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐu̯²² jɵy̯²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: heu-yí
  - Hakka Romanization System: heu i^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: heu⁴ yi³
  - Sinological IPA: /heu̯⁵⁵ i³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: heu-yí
  - Hakka Romanization System: heu (r)i^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: heu⁴ yi³
  - Sinological IPA: /heu̯⁵⁵ (j)i³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: heu^˖ rhi^˖
  - Sinological IPA: /heu³³ ʒi³³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: hieo⁵ e⁴ [Phonetic: hieo¹ e⁴]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hā̤u-a̤̍
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hieu¹¹⁻⁵⁵ e⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘-ē
  - Tâi-lô: hōo-ē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoxe
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hɔ²²⁻²¹ e²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hiǒ-ē
  - Tâi-lô: hiǒ-ē
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /hio²² e⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘-ī
  - Tâi-lô: hōo-ī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoxi
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔ²²⁻²¹ i²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘-è
  - Tâi-lô: hōo-è
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoxex
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /hɔ³³⁻²¹ e²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /hɔ³³⁻¹¹ e¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Tainan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hō͘-ì
  - Tâi-lô: hōo-ì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hoxix
  - IPA (Tainan): /hɔ³³⁻¹¹ i²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ao⁶ i⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ău ĭ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /au³⁵⁻¹¹ i³⁵/

Middle Chinese: huwX|huwH yejH

Rime
Character	後	後	裔
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	匣 (33)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	侯 (137)	侯 (137)	祭 (35)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	III
Fanqie	胡口切	胡遘切	餘制切
Baxter	huwX	huwH	yejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦəu^X/	/ɦəu^H/	/jiᴇi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦəu^X/	/ɦəu^H/	/jiɛi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣəu^X/	/ɣəu^H/	/jæi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦəw^X/	/ɦəw^H/	/jiaj^H/
Li Rong	/ɣu^X/	/ɣu^H/	/iɛi^H/
Wang Li	/ɣəu^X/	/ɣəu^H/	/jĭɛi^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣə̯u^X/	/ɣə̯u^H/	/i̯ɛi^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hòu	hòu	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hau⁶	hau⁶	jai⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤ(r)oʔ|[ɢ]ˤ(r)oʔ-s l[a][t]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢoːʔ|ɢoːs leds/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	後	後	裔
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hòu	hòu	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ huw^X ›	‹ huw^H ›	‹ yej^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ˁ(r)oʔ/	/*[ɢ]ˁ(r)oʔ-s/	/*l[a][t]-s/
English	after	put after ?	posterity; border
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	後	後	裔
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	5178	5179	15165
Phonetic component	後	後	裔
Rime group	侯	侯	祭
Rime subdivision	0	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	厚	𠋫	曵
Old Chinese	/*ɢoːʔ/	/*ɢoːs/	/*leds/
Notes	甲文象足受系而遲後（文源）

Noun

後裔

descendant; offspring; progeny
- 功加於時，德垂後裔。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  功加于时，德垂后裔。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE
  Gōng jiā yú shí, dé chuí hòuyì. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 劉焉字君郎，江夏竟陵人也，漢魯恭王之後裔 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  刘焉字君郎，江夏竟陵人也，汉鲁恭王之后裔 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: Chen Shou, Records of the Three Kingdoms, circa 3^rd century CE
  Liú Yān zì Jūnláng, Jiāngxià Jìnglíng rén yě, Hàn Lǔ Gōngwáng zhī hòuyì [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 前夜夢，余若將買取孔子之宅于孔子之後裔，卽孔子四十七八代孫云爾。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
  From: 《旅軒集/여헌집》, 1500s—1600s
  Jeon'ya mong, yeo yak jang maechwi Gongja ji taek u Gongja ji huye, jeuk Gaongja sasip chil pal dae son un'i [Sino-Korean]
  I had a dream yesterday night. It was as if I was about to purchase Confucius's house from a descendant of his. That is to say, he was Confucius's descendant by the 47th or 48th generation, and that was all.