得無

Chinese

	get; obtain; gain get; obtain; gain; proper; suitable; proud; contented; allow; permit; ready; finished; a sentence particle used after a verb to show effect; degree or possibility; to have to; must; ought to; to need to	not have
trad. (得無)	得	無
simp. (得无)	得	无
alternative forms	得毋得微

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): déwú

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄜˊ ㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dak¹ mou⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: déwú
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄜˊ ㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: déwú
  - Wade–Giles: tê²-wu²
  - Yale: dé-wú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: derwu
  - Palladius: дэу (dɛu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɤ³⁵ u³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dak¹ mou⁴
  - Yale: dāk mòuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dak⁷ mou⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: deg¹ mou⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɐk̚⁵ mou̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: tok mju

Rime
Character	得	無
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	德 (131)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	多則切	武夫切
Baxter	tok	mju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tək̚/	/mɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/tək̚/	/mio/
Shao Rongfen	/tək̚/	/mio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tək̚/	/muə̆/
Li Rong	/tək̚/	/mio/
Wang Li	/tək̚/	/mĭu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tək̚/	/mi̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	de	wú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dak¹	mou⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤək ma|mo/

(Zhengzhang): /*tɯːɡ ma/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	得	無	無	無
Reading #	1/1	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dé	wú	wú	wú
Middle Chinese	‹ tok ›	‹ mju ›	‹ mju ›	‹ mju ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁək/	/*ma/	/*ma/	/*mo/
English	obtain	not have	volitional prefix	don’t
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	得	無
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	2165	13117
Phonetic component	得	無
Rime group	職	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	德	無
Old Chinese	/*tɯːɡ/	/*ma/

Adverb

得無

is it not; should it be that
- 曾子 […] 曰：「向也參得罪於大人。大人用力教參，得無疾乎？」 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  曾子 […] 曰：「向也参得罪于大人。大人用力教参，得无疾乎？」 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: The School Sayings of Confucius, c. 206 BCE– 220 CE
  Zēngzǐ […] yuē: “Xiàng yě Shēn dézuì yú dàrén. Dàrén yònglì jiào Shēn, déwú jí hū?” [Pinyin]
  Zengzi said, “A moment ago I offended Father. When Father exerted strength to discipline me, were you not harmed?”
- 1046 October 17, 范仲淹 [Fan Zhongyan], 岳陽樓記 [Memorial to Yueyang Tower]:
  
  然則北通巫峽，南極瀟湘，遷客騷人，多會於此，覽物之情，得無異乎？ [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  然则北通巫峡，南极潇湘，迁客骚人，多会于此，览物之情，得无异乎？ [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  Ránzé běi tōng wūxiá, nán jí xiāoxiāng, qiānkè sāorén, duō huì yú cǐ, lǎn wù zhī qíng, déwú yì hū? [Pinyin]
  That being the case, the Dongting Lake has access to Wu Gorge in the north and reaches the rivers Xiao and Xiang in the south, so exiled officials and sentimental poets often meet here; how would their feelings upon seeing these sights not be different?
- 每大言曰：“人生有命，吾惟有命，吾惟守分而已。”長者聞之，得無厭其為迂乎？ [Literary Chinese, trad.]
  每大言曰：“人生有命，吾惟有命，吾惟守分而已。”长者闻之，得无厌其为迂乎？ [Literary Chinese, simp.]
  From: c. 1555, 宗臣 (Zong Chen),《報劉一丈書》
  Měi dàyán yuē: “Rénshēng yǒu mìng, wú wéi yǒu mìng, wú wéi shǒufèn éryǐ.” Zhǎngzhě wén zhī, déwú yàn qí wéi yū hū? [Pinyin]
  Often, I say in a lofty tone, “Everyone has their fate. I have my own fate, so what I should do is just to fulfil my duties.” When you hear this, I am afraid, you may rebuke me as being to pedantic!

Usage notes

Often followed by 乎 (hū) or 邪 (yé) at the end of a sentence. Equivalent to 該不會 / 该不会 in Modern Standard Chinese.

Synonyms

豈不／岂不 (qǐbù)
莫非 (mòfēi)