邪
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Translingual
Han character
邪 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+4 in Chinese, 邑+5 in Japanese, 7 strokes in Chinese, 8 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 一竹弓中 (MHNL), four-corner 17227, composition ⿰牙阝)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1269, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39319
- Dae Jaweon: page 1768, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3758, character 4
- Unihan data for U+90AA
Chinese
| trad. | 邪 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 邪 | |
| alternative forms | 衺 “evil; strange; tilted” 𧘪 “evil; strange; tilted” 耶 “evil; strange; tilted; particle” | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 邪 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ljaː, *laː): phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː) + semantic 邑 (“town; city”).
The semantic component suggests that this character was originally used in a place name, which Shuowen suggests to be 琅邪. It was later borrowed for other meanings, the most prominent being “wrong; evil” (originally written as 衺).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): xia4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): xie1
- Northern Min (KCR): ciǎ
- Eastern Min (BUC): sià
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6zhia
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sie2 / zia2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xié
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sié
- Wade–Giles: hsieh2
- Yale: syé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
- Palladius: се (se)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, rare literary variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xiá
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄚˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: siá
- Wade–Giles: hsia2
- Yale: syá
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shya
- Palladius: ся (sja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕi̯ä³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: xie2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xie
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕiɛ²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ce4
- Yale: chèh
- Cantonese Pinyin: tse4
- Guangdong Romanization: cé4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɛː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: tie3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰiɛ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sià
- Hakka Romanization System: xiaˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: xia2
- Sinological IPA: /si̯a¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: xia2
- Sinological IPA: /ɕia¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciǎ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sia²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- Longyan:
- siâ - vernacular;
- siê - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: zjae
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*sə.ɢA/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ljaː/
Definitions
邪
- wrong; evil; depraved; vicious; perverse; heterodox
- 邪念 ― xiéniàn ― evil thought
- unnatural; strange
- disaster; calamity
- (traditional Chinese medicine) unwholesome environmental factor; pathogenetic factor
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 斜 (“tilted; inclined”)
- (~母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 邪 (MC yae)
Compounds
- 中邪 (zhòngxié)
- 八邪
- 去邪從正 / 去邪从正
- 去邪歸正 / 去邪归正
- 反邪歸正 / 反邪归正
- 回邪
- 天真無邪 / 天真无邪 (tiānzhēnwúxié)
- 奸邪 (jiānxié)
- 妖術邪法 / 妖术邪法
- 妖邪 (yāoxié)
- 姦盜邪淫 / 奸盗邪淫
- 姦邪 / 奸邪 (jiānxié)
- 官邪
- 崇正黜邪
- 忿世嫉邪
- 思無邪 / 思无邪
- 憤世嫉邪 / 愤世嫉邪
- 憸邪 / 𪫺邪
- 扶正黜邪
- 改邪歸正 / 改邪归正 (gǎixiéguīzhèng)
- 放邪火
- 棄邪從正 / 弃邪从正
- 棄邪歸正 / 弃邪归正
- 正直無邪 / 正直无邪
- 歪心邪意
- 歪門邪道 / 歪门邪道
- 歪風邪氣 / 歪风邪气
- 氛邪
- 水性隨邪 / 水性随邪
- 洞燭姦邪 / 洞烛奸邪
- 洿邪
- 淫邪
- 無邪 / 无邪 (wúxié)
- 狎邪 (xiáxié)
- 異端邪說 / 异端邪说
- 目不邪視 / 目不邪视 (mù bù xiéshì)
- 矯邪歸正 / 矫邪归正
- 破邪論序 / 破邪论序
- 破邪顯正 / 破邪显正
- 舍正從邪 / 舍正从邪
- 虛邪 / 虚邪
- 辟邪 (bìxié)
- 避邪 (bìxié)
- 邪不勝正 / 邪不胜正 (xiébùshèngzhèng)
- 邪不干正 (xiébùgānzhèng)
- 邪世 (xiéshì)
- 邪佞
- 邪偽 / 邪伪
- 邪僻 (xiépì)
- 邪徑 / 邪径
- 邪心 (xiéxīn)
- 邪念 (xiéniàn)
- 邪惡 / 邪恶 (xié'è)
- 邪教 (xiéjiào)
- 邪曲
- 邪氣 / 邪气 (xiéqì)
- 邪法
- 邪派
- 邪皮
- 邪眼
- 邪神 (xiéshén)
- 邪祟 (xiésuì)
- 邪視 / 邪视 (xiéshì)
- 邪臣
- 邪行
- 邪術 / 邪术 (xiéshù)
- 邪說 / 邪说 (xiéshuō)
- 邪說異端 / 邪说异端
- 邪謀 / 邪谋
- 邪路 (xiélù)
- 邪道 (xiédào)
- 邪道兒 / 邪道儿
- 邪門 / 邪门 (xiémén)
- 邪門歪道 / 邪门歪道 (xiéménwāidào)
- 邪靈 / 邪灵 (xiélíng)
- 邪魔 (xiémó)
- 邪魔外道
- 鎮邪 / 镇邪
- 鎮邪物 / 镇邪物
- 閑邪存誠 / 闲邪存诚
- 闢邪 / 辟邪
- 隨邪 / 随邪
- 風邪 / 风邪 (fēngxié)
- 驅邪 / 驱邪 (qūxié)
- 鬼隨邪 / 鬼随邪
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yé
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yé
- Wade–Giles: yeh2
- Yale: yé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ye
- Palladius: е (je)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yá
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yá
- Wade–Giles: ya2
- Yale: yá
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ya
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: je4
- Yale: yèh
- Cantonese Pinyin: je4
- Guangdong Romanization: yé4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâ
- Tâi-lô: iâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: iaa
- IPA (Xiamen): /ia²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ia²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ia¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ia²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ia²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ia5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iâ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: yae
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢ(r)A/
- (Zhengzhang): /*laː/
Definitions
邪
Compounds
- 琅邪 (Lángyá)
- 琅邪山
Pronunciation 3
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6ya
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yé
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄝˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yé
- Wade–Giles: yeh2
- Yale: yé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ye
- Palladius: е (je)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: je4
- Yale: yèh
- Cantonese Pinyin: je4
- Guangdong Romanization: yé4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yie3
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiɛ²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iâ
- Tâi-lô: iâ
- Phofsit Daibuun: iaa
- IPA (Xiamen): /ia²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ia²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ia¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /ia²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ia²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ia5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iâ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: yae
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ](r)A/
- (Zhengzhang): /*laː/
Definitions
邪
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 耶 (sentence-final interrogative particle)
- 其正色邪?其遠而無所至極邪? [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
- Qí zhèng sè yé? Qí yuǎn ér wú suǒ zhì jí yé? [Pinyin]
- Is its azure the proper colour of the sky? Or is it occasioned by its distance and illimitable extent?
其正色邪?其远而无所至极邪? [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) The chant of labourers used for synchronized pulling, lifting, etc., similar to heigh-ho.
- 夫治天下猶曳大木然,前者唱邪,後者唱許。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 黃宗羲, 《明夷待訪錄·原臣》
- Fú zhì tiānxià yóu yè dà mù rán, qián zhě chàng yé, hòu zhě chàng xǔ. [Pinyin]
- Governing a country is like moving a heavy lumber. People in front chant yah, while people behind chant hoo.
夫治天下犹曳大木然,前者唱邪,后者唱许。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Compounds
Pronunciation 4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: xú
- Zhuyin: ㄒㄩˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: syú
- Wade–Giles: hsü2
- Yale: syú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyu
- Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: zjae
Definitions
邪
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 徐 (xú, “slow”)
- 其虛其邪?既亟只且! [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Qí xū qí xú? Jì jí zhǐjū! [Pinyin]
- Is it a time for delay? The urgency is extreme!
其虚其邪?既亟只且! [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation 5
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yú
- Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yú
- Wade–Giles: yü2
- Yale: yú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
邪
Pronunciation 6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shé
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄜˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shé
- Wade–Giles: shê2
- Yale: shé
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sher
- Palladius: шэ (šɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂɤ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
邪
- only used in 歸邪/归邪
References
- “邪”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
| Shinjitai | 邪 | |
| Kyūjitai [1][2] |
邪󠄂 邪+ 󠄂?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
| 邪󠄄 邪+ 󠄄?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
Readings
From Middle Chinese 邪 (MC zjae); compare Mandarin 邪 (xié):
- Go-on: じゃ (ja, Jōyō)←じや (zya, historical)
- Kan-on: しゃ (sha)←しや (sya, historical)
From Middle Chinese 邪 (MC yae); compare Mandarin 邪 (yé, yá):
From native Japanese roots:
Compounds
Synonyms
- (evil): 奸
Antonyms
Pronunciation
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 邪 |
| よこしま Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 横しま 邪ま |
Adjective
邪 • (yokoshima) -na (adnominal 邪な (yokoshima na), adverbial 邪に (yokoshima ni))
Inflection
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 邪だろ | よこしまだろ | yokoshima daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 邪で | よこしまで | yokoshima de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 邪だ | よこしまだ | yokoshima da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 邪な | よこしまな | yokoshima na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 邪なら | よこしまなら | yokoshima nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 邪であれ | よこしまであれ | yokoshima de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 邪ではない 邪じゃない |
よこしまではない よこしまじゃない |
yokoshima de wa nai yokoshima ja nai |
| Informal past | 邪だった | よこしまだった | yokoshima datta |
| Informal negative past | 邪ではなかった 邪じゃなかった |
よこしまではなかった よこしまじゃなかった |
yokoshima de wa nakatta yokoshima ja nakatta |
| Formal | 邪です | よこしまです | yokoshima desu |
| Formal negative | 邪ではありません 邪じゃありません |
よこしまではありません よこしまじゃありません |
yokoshima de wa arimasen yokoshima ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 邪でした | よこしまでした | yokoshima deshita |
| Formal negative past | 邪ではありませんでした 邪じゃありませんでした |
よこしまではありませんでした よこしまじゃありませんでした |
yokoshima de wa arimasen deshita yokoshima ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 邪で | よこしまで | yokoshima de |
| Conditional | 邪なら(ば) | よこしまなら(ば) | yokoshima nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 邪だったら | よこしまだったら | yokoshima dattara |
| Volitional | 邪だろう | よこしまだろう | yokoshima darō |
| Adverbial | 邪に | よこしまに | yokoshima ni |
| Degree | 邪さ | よこしまさ | yokoshimasa |
References
- ^ “邪”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, , page 2138 (paper), page 1121 (digital)
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
邪 • (sa, ya) (hangeul 사, 야, revised sa, ya, McCune–Reischauer sa, ya, Yale sa, ya)
- cunning, sly, crafty, artful
- dislocated, out of joint, out of step, out of line
- deceive, cheat, trick, fool, swindle
- crooked, askew, slanted
Compounds
- 사술 (邪術, sasul)
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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