拔
| ||||||||
| ||||||||
Translingual
| Traditional | |
|---|---|
| Simplified | |
| Japanese | 抜 |
| Korean |
Alternative forms
- In traditional Chinese and Korean scripts, the bottom right component of 犮 is written 乂 instead of 又 (as found in the Kangxi dictionary).
- In simplified Chinese and Vietnamese scripts, the bottom right component of 犮 is written 又 (友 with a dot on the top right corner). Due to Han unification, both traditional and simplified forms are encoded under the same codepoint. A CJK compatibility ideograph (U+2F8B6) exists corresponding to this form.
- In Japanese, the right component 犮 is simplified to 友 instead, giving 抜 (U+629C).
Han character
拔 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手戈大水 (QIKE) or 手戈大大 (QIKK), four-corner 53047, composition ⿰扌犮(GHTJK))
Derived characters
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 426, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11959
- Dae Jaweon: page 774, character 3
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1850, character 3
- Unihan data for U+62D4
Chinese
| trad. | 拔 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 拔 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 拔 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Characters in the same phonetic series (犮) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *bruːd, *boːd, *bod): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 犮 (OC *boːd) – a hand pulls.
Etymology
Compare perhaps Burmese ပြုတ် (prut, “to be dislocated; to lose”).[1]
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): pat7
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): bah5
- Northern Min (KCR): bă / bái / bí
- Eastern Min (BUC): bĕk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8baq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): pa6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: bá
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄚˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bá
- Wade–Giles: pa2
- Yale: bá
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bar
- Palladius: ба (ba)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pä³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: pa2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pa
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰa²¹/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bat6
- Yale: baht
- Cantonese Pinyin: bat9
- Guangdong Romanization: bed6
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɐt̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: bat5
- Sinological IPA (key): /pat̚³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pha̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: pad
- Hagfa Pinyim: pad6
- Sinological IPA: /pʰat̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: pad6
- Sinological IPA: /pʰat̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bă / bái / bí
- Sinological IPA (key): /pa²⁴/, /pai⁵⁴/, /pi⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pu̍ih
- Tâi-lô: pui̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: puih
- IPA (Kinmen): /puiʔ⁵⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /puiʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Lukang, Magong, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poe̍h
- Tâi-lô: pue̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: poeh
- IPA (Yongchun, Kaohsiung, Tainan): /pueʔ⁴/
- IPA (Lukang): /pueʔ³⁵/
- IPA (Nan'an, Hui'an): /pueʔ²³/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /pueʔ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pe̍h
- Tâi-lô: pe̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: peh
- IPA (Zhangpu): /peʔ¹⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /peʔ¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Changtai, Sanxia, Yilan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōe
- Tâi-lô: puē
- Phofsit Daibuun: poe
- IPA (Changtai): /pue²²/
- IPA (Yilan): /pue³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Nan'an, Hui'an, Yongchun, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
Note:
- pu̍ih/poe̍h/pe̍h/pōe - vernacular (“to pull; to snatch forcefully; to suck away someone else's chi”);
- poa̍t - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: boih8 / buah8 / buag8 / buêg8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: po̍ih / pua̍h / pua̍k / pue̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /poiʔ⁴/, /puaʔ⁴/, /puak̚⁴/, /puek̚⁴/
Note:
- boih8 - vernacular;
- buah8 - vernacular (“to draw water”);
- buag8/buêg8 - literary (buêg8 - Chaozhou).
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: bjot, bat, beat
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*bˤ<r>ot/, /*bˤot-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*bruːd/, /*boːd/, /*bod/
Definitions
拔
- to pull up; to pull out
- to suck out; to draw
- to select; to pick; to choose
- to lift; to raise
- to surpass; to stand out among
- to capture; to seize
- (dialectal) to cool in water
- (Min) to pull; to tug
- (Hokkien) to snatch forcefully
- (Quanzhou, Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to suck away someone else's chi (said as done by some people)
- a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 拉 (“to pull; to tug”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 拉, 挽 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 抻, 扽 |
| Taiwan | 拉 | |
| Singapore | 拉 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 抻, 拉 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 拉, 抻, 扯 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 扯, 拉 |
| Wuhan | 拉, 扯, 𠡒 | |
| Guilin | 扯 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 拽, 扽, 拉 |
| Hefei | 拉, 拽 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 拉, 掹 |
| Hong Kong | 拉, 掹 | |
| Yangjiang | 掹, 拉 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 拉 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 扯, 𠡒 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 挷 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 扯 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 拔, 揄 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 拔 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 搝, 擢 |
| Quanzhou | 搝, 擢 | |
| Zhangzhou | 搝, 擢 | |
| Taipei | 搝 | |
| New Taipei (Sanxia) | 搝 | |
| Kaohsiung | 搝 | |
| Yilan | 搝 | |
| Changhua (Lukang) | 搝 | |
| Taichung | 搝 | |
| Tainan | 搝, 擢 | |
| Hsinchu | 搝 | |
| Kinmen | 搝 | |
| Penghu (Magong) | 搝 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 搝, 擢 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 搝 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 拔 | |
| Chaozhou | 𠡒 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 拉 |
| Suzhou | 拉 | |
| Ningbo | 拉, 𠡒 | |
| Wenzhou | 拉, 𢱋, 𠡒 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 扯, 悶 |
| Shuangfeng | 扯 | |
Compounds
- 一手提拔
- 一毛不拔 (yīmáobùbá)
- 不拔
- 不能自拔 (bùnéngzìbá)
- 九牛身上拔一根毛
- 俊拔
- 倒拔蛇
- 出群拔萃
- 出類拔群 / 出类拔群
- 出類拔萃 / 出类拔萃 (chūlèibácuì)
- 劍拔弩張 / 剑拔弩张 (jiànbánǔzhāng)
- 努筋拔力
- 勁拔 / 劲拔 (jìngbá)
- 堅忍不拔 / 坚忍不拔
- 堅毅不拔 / 坚毅不拔
- 堅韌不拔 / 坚韧不拔 (jiānrènbùbá)
- 大象口裡拔生牙 / 大象口里拔生牙
- 孤拔
- 峭拔
- 弩張劍拔 / 弩张剑拔
- 張弓拔刃 / 张弓拔刃
- 扛鼎拔山
- 抽丁拔楔
- 拔不出腿來 / 拔不出腿来
- 拔了一個尖兒 / 拔了一个尖儿
- 拔了蘿蔔地皮寬 / 拔了萝卜地皮宽
- 拔來報往 / 拔来报往
- 拔俗 (bású)
- 拔出
- 拔刀斷席 / 拔刀断席
- 拔刀相助 (bádāoxiāngzhù)
- 拔刀相濟 / 拔刀相济
- 拔剌
- 拔十失五
- 拔十得五
- 拔去一丁
- 拔取 (báqǔ)
- 拔圍出夫 / 拔围出夫
- 拔地
- 拔地倚天
- 拔地參天 / 拔地参天
- 拔地搖山 / 拔地摇山
- 拔地而起 (bádì'érqǐ)
- 拔奇
- 拔宅
- 拔宅上昇 / 拔宅上升
- 拔宅飛昇 / 拔宅飞升
- 拔寨 (bázhài)
- 拔尖 (bájiān)
- 拔尤
- 拔山力
- 拔山志
- 拔山扛鼎
- 拔山曲
- 拔山舉鼎 / 拔山举鼎
- 拔山蓋世 / 拔山盖世
- 拔山超海
- 拔幟 / 拔帜
- 拔幟易幟 / 拔帜易帜
- 拔得頭籌 / 拔得头筹
- 拉拔 (lābá)
- 拔掉
- 拔摋 / 拔𢫬
- 拔擢 (bázhuó)
- 拔救
- 拔新領異 / 拔新领异
- 拔旗
- 拔本塞原
- 拔本塞源
- 拔染
- 拔樹尋根 / 拔树寻根
- 拔樹撼山 / 拔树撼山
- 拔檔 / 拔档
- 拔步
- 拔步床
- 拔毒 (bádú)
- 拔毛連茹 / 拔毛连茹
- 拔河 (báhé)
- 拔海 (báhǎi)
- 拔濟 / 拔济
- 拔濟火宅 / 拔济火宅
- 拔火罐 (báhuǒguàn)
- 拔營 / 拔营 (báyíng)
- 拔牙 (báyá)
- 拔犀擢象
- 拔白
- 拔睹兒 / 拔睹儿
- 拔短梯
- 拔短籌 / 拔短筹
- 拔碇
- 拔禾
- 拔突
- 抽筋拔骨
- 拔節 / 拔节 (bájié)
- 拔絲 / 拔丝 (básī)
- 拔縫 / 拔缝
- 拔罐 (báguàn)
- 拔罐子 (báguànzi)
- 拔群 (báqún)
- 拔群出萃
- 拔群出類 / 拔群出类
- 拔脯兒 / 拔脯儿
- 拔脯子
- 拔腿 (bátuǐ)
- 拔腿就跑
- 拔舌地獄 / 拔舌地狱
- 拔苗助長 / 拔苗助长 (bámiáozhùzhǎng)
- 拔茅連茹 / 拔茅连茹
- 拔萃 (bácuì)
- 拔萃出群
- 拔萃出類 / 拔萃出类
- 拔萃書室 / 拔萃书室
- 拔著短籌 / 拔著短筹
- 拔葵
- 拔葵去織 / 拔葵去织
- 拔葵啖棗 / 拔葵啖枣
- 拔薤
- 拔虎鬚 / 拔虎须
- 拔親 / 拔亲
- 拔解
- 拔貢 / 拔贡
- 拔起
- 拔距
- 拔跡 / 拔迹
- 拔身
- 拔達嶺 / 拔达岭
- 拔都 (bádū)
- 拔都魯 / 拔都鲁
- 拔釘錘 / 拔钉锤
- 拔釘鎚 / 拔钉锤
- 拔錨 / 拔锚 (bámáo)
- 拔關 / 拔关
- 拔除 (báchú)
- 拔頂 / 拔顶
- 拔頭 / 拔头 (bōtóu)
- 拔頭籌 / 拔头筹
- 拔類超群 / 拔类超群
- 拔高 (bágāo)
- 挺拔 (tǐngbá)
- 振拔 (zhènbá)
- 挺拔不群
- 提口拔舌
- 提拔 (tíbá)
- 撼山拔樹 / 撼山拔树
- 擢拔
- 攻拔
- 救拔
- 枉口拔舌
- 海拔 (hǎibá)
- 清拔
- 濟拔 / 济拔
- 濟貧拔苦 / 济贫拔苦
- 熱插拔 / 热插拔
- 牢不可拔
- 牽牛拔樁 / 牵牛拔桩
- 甄拔
- 矮子裡拔將軍 / 矮子里拔将军 (ǎizi lǐ bá jiāngjūn)
- 神采英拔
- 秀拔
- 窟裡拔蛇 / 窟里拔蛇
- 符拔
- 簡拔 / 简拔 (jiǎnbá)
- 絕塵拔俗 / 绝尘拔俗
- 老天拔地
- 老虎嘴上拔毛
- 老虎嘴裡拔牙 / 老虎嘴里拔牙
- 自拔 (zìbá)
- 自拔來歸 / 自拔来归
- 舉鼎拔山 / 举鼎拔山
- 英拔
- 薦拔 / 荐拔
- 虎口拔牙
- 虎嘴上拔毛
- 象拔蚌 (xiàngbábàng)
- 超世拔俗
- 超俗拔群
- 超塵拔俗 / 超尘拔俗 (chāochénbású)
- 超拔 (chāobá)
- 超群拔類 / 超群拔类
- 路見不平，拔刀相助 / 路见不平，拔刀相助
- 路見不平，拔劍相助 / 路见不平，拔剑相助
- 迥拔
- 連根拔掉 / 连根拔掉
- 連根拔起 / 连根拔起 (liángēnbáqǐ)
- 選拔 / 选拔 (xuǎnbá)
- 選拔賽 / 选拔赛
- 開拔 / 开拔 (kāibá)
- 雁過拔毛 / 雁过拔毛 (yànguò bámáo)
- 雋拔 / 隽拔
- 鞋拔 (xiébá)
- 鞋拔子 (xiébázi)
- 馬桶拔 / 马桶拔
Pronunciation 2
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): phoa̍h / poa̍h
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoa̍h
- Tâi-lô: phua̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: phoah
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰuaʔ¹²¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰuaʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poa̍h
- Tâi-lô: pua̍h
- Phofsit Daibuun: poah
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /puaʔ⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
Definitions
拔
- (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) Classifier for draws of water, especially each time one pulls the rope on a well.
References
- ^ Luce, G. H. (1981) “-UT Finals (14. to Dislocate)”, in A Comparative Word-List of Old Burmese, Chinese and Tibetan, London: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, →ISBN, page 50
Japanese
| 抜 | |
| 拔 |
Kanji
拔
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 抜)
Readings
- Go-on: ばち (bachi)
- Kan-on: はつ (hatsu)、はい (hai)
- Kan’yō-on: ばつ (batsu)
- Kun: ぬく (nuku, 拔く)、ぬける (nukeru, 拔ける)、たすける (tasukeru)
Korean
Hanja
拔 (eumhun 무성할 패 (museonghal pae))
Vietnamese
Han character
拔: Hán Việt readings: bạt[1][2][3][4][5], bội[4][5]
拔: Nôm readings: bạt[1][2], gạt[1][2][6], bặt[2], vạt[2]