橈

See also: 𣓤 and 桡

橈	U+6A48, 橈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A48

← 橇
[U+6A47]

CJK Unified Ideographs

橉 →
[U+6A49]

Translingual

Traditional	橈
Shinjitai (extended)	𣓤
Simplified	桡

Han character

橈 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+12, 16 strokes, cangjie input 木土土山 (DGGU), four-corner 4491₁, composition ⿰木堯)

bent or twisted piece of wood
radius (bone of the forearm)
paddle, oar

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 552, character 25
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15521
Dae Jaweon: page 941, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1286, character 8
Unihan data for U+6A48

Chinese

trad.		橈
simp.		桡

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (垚) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
撓	hŋaːw, rŋaːw, *rnaːwʔ
鐃	*rŋaːw
譊	*rŋaːw
橈	rŋaːws, ŋjew
磽	ŋ̊ʰreːw, ŋreːws, *ŋ̊ʰeːwʔ
墝	*ŋ̊ʰreːw
穘	*hŋreːw
顤	hŋreːw, ŋeːws
燒	hŋjew, hŋjaws
饒	ŋjew, ŋjaws
蟯	ŋjew, ʔŋew
蕘	*ŋjew
襓	*ŋjew
繞	ŋjewʔ, ŋjaws
遶	*ŋjewʔ
嬈	njewʔ, neːwʔ, *hŋeːws
趬	ŋ̊ʰew, ŋ̊ʰews
蹺	*ŋ̊ʰew
翹	ɡew, ɡews
澆	ŋkeːw, ŋeːws
驍	*ŋkeːw
僥	kŋeːwʔ, ŋeːw
堯	*ŋeːw
垚	*ŋeːw
嶢	*ŋeːw
獟	*ŋeːws
膮	hŋeːw, hŋeːwʔ
嘵	*hŋeːw
憢	*hŋeːw
曉	*hŋeːwʔ
皢	*hŋeːwʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rŋaːws, *ŋjew): semantic 木 (“wood”) + phonetic 堯 (OC *ŋeːw).

Etymology

oar: Attested earliest in Chuci. Schuessler (2007) proposes an Austroasiatic etymology by comparing it to Khmer ថ្នោល (thnaol, “punting pole”), itself an n-infixed derivation from ដោល (daol, “to punt”); foreign closed syllables having a long main vowel often correspond to open syllables in Old Chinese (ibid.).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): náo (nao²)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄠˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): naau⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: náo
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: náo
  - Wade–Giles: nao²
  - Yale: náu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nau
  - Palladius: нао (nao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: naau⁴
  - Yale: nàauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: naau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: nao⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːu̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: nraewH

Rime
Character	橈
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	奴敎切
Baxter	nraewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠau^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚau^H/
Shao Rongfen	/nau^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳaɨw^H/
Li Rong	/nau^H/
Wang Li	/nau^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/nau^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naau⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[n]ˤrew-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*rŋaːws/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	橈
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	náo
Middle Chinese	‹ nræw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[n]ˁrew-s/
English	bent wood
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	橈
Reading #	1/2
No.	14660
Phonetic component	垚
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*rŋaːws/

Definitions

橈

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ráo, náo (rao², nao²)

(Zhuyin): ㄖㄠˊ, ㄋㄠˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jiu⁴ / naau⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: ráo
  - Zhuyin: ㄖㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: ráo
  - Wade–Giles: jao²
  - Yale: ráu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: rau
  - Palladius: жао (žao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʐɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: náo
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: náo
  - Wade–Giles: nao²
  - Yale: náu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nau
  - Palladius: нао (nao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jiu⁴ / naau⁴
  - Yale: yìuh / nàauh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jiu⁴ / naau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yiu⁴ / nao⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːu̯²¹/, /naːu̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: nraewH

Rime
Character	橈
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	奴敎切
Baxter	nraewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳˠau^H/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳᵚau^H/
Shao Rongfen	/nau^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳaɨw^H/
Li Rong	/nau^H/
Wang Li	/nau^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/nau^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naau⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ew/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋjew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	橈
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	ráo
Middle Chinese	‹ nyew ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ew/ (< uvular?)
English	oar
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	橈
Reading #	2/2
No.	14669
Phonetic component	垚
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	饒
Old Chinese	/*ŋjew/

Definitions

橈

paddle; oar

Compounds

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	𣓤
Print standard	橈

Kanji

橈

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𣓤)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: にょう (nyō)^{←ねう (neu, historical)}
Kan-on: どう (dō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}、じょう (jō)^{←だう (dau, historical)}
Kun: たわむ (tawamu, 橈む)、かじ (kaji, 橈)

Korean

Hanja

橈 (eum 요 (yo))

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Vietnamese

Han character

橈: Hán Nôm readings: nạo, nhiêu

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.