See also:
U+8AFE, 諾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AFE

[U+8AFD]
CJK Unified Ideographs 諿
[U+8AFF]
U+F95D, 諾
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F95D

[U+F95C]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F95E]

U+FABD, 諾
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FABD

[U+FABC]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FABE]

Translingual

Han character

(Kangxi radical 149, 言+9 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 言+8 in simplified Chinese and Japanese, 16 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 15 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 卜口廿大口 (YRTKR), four-corner 04664, composition )

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1173, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35687
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1638, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3984, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8AFE

Bailang

Etymology

Related to Burmese နက် (nak, black; deep).

Adjective

(*nak)

  1. deep

References

  • Hill, Nathan W. (2017) “Songs of the Bailang: A New Transcription with Etymological Commentary”, in Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient[1], volume 103, pages 386—429

Chinese

trad.
simp.
alternative forms “yes”

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *naːɡ): semantic (word, speak) + phonetic (OC *nja, *njaʔ, *njaɡ, like this; such) — to answer affirmatively.

Etymology 1

Cognate with (OC *njaɡ, “like this; such; if”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • lio̍k/lo̍k/jia̍k - literary;
  • hio̍h - vernacular (“yes”).

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /nuo⁵¹/
Harbin /nuo²¹³/
Tianjin /nɤ⁵³/
/nuo⁵³/
Jinan /nuə²¹/
Qingdao /nuə⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /nuo⁵³/
Xi'an /nuo⁵³/
Xining /ȵyu²⁴/
Yinchuan /nuə¹³/
Lanzhou /luə⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /nuɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /nuo³⁵/
Chengdu /no¹³/
Guiyang /no⁴²/
/no²¹³/
Kunming /no³¹/
Nanjing /loʔ⁵/
Hefei /luɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /nuaʔ²/
Pingyao /nʌʔ⁵³/
Hohhot /naʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /noʔ¹/
Suzhou /noʔ³/
Hangzhou /noʔ²/
Wenzhou /no²¹³/
Hui Shexian /nɔʔ²¹/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /lo²⁴/
Xiangtan /no²⁴/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /nok̚¹/
Taoyuan /nok̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /nɔk̚³/
Nanning /nɔk̚²²/
Hong Kong /nɔk̚³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lɔk̚⁵/, /liɔk̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /nouʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /nɔ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /nap̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /nɔk̚⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (8)
Final () (103)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter nak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/nɑk̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/nɑk̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/nɑk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/nak̚/
Li
Rong
/nɑk̚/
Wang
Li
/nɑk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/nɑk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
nuò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
nok6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
nuò
Middle
Chinese
‹ nak ›
Old
Chinese
/*nˁak/
English agree, say yes

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 10934
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*naːɡ/

Definitions

  1. to promise
  2. to assent; to approve
  3. (literary or Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) yes; aye; yea; right

Etymology 2

trad.
simp.
alternative forms

From .

Pronunciation

Pronoun

  1. (Shaoxing Wu and Ningbonese) you
Synonyms

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. agreement, consent, assent

Readings

  • Go-on: なく (naku)
  • Kan-on: だく (daku, Jōyō)
  • Kun: うべなう (ubenau, 諾う) (o, ) (wo, , historical) (u, ) (se, )むべ (mube, )
  • Nanori: なぎ (nagi)

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
だく
Grade: S
kan'on

Pronunciation

Noun

(だく) • (daku

  1. acceptance, consent, assent, agreement

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term

Grade: S
kun'yomi
Kanji in this term

Grade: S
kun'yomi
Kanji in this term

Grade: S
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [o̞]
  • IPA(key): [ɯ̟]
  • IPA(key): [se̞]

Interjection

() or () or () • (o or u or se

  1. (archaic) interjection expressing consent or agreement; yes, alright, okay

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
むべ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
Kanji in this term
むべ > うべ
Grade: S
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
むべS
[adverb] surely, indeed, truly, naturally, certainly
Alternative spelling
うべ
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 대답할 (daedaphal rak), word-initial (South Korea) 대답할 (daedaphal nak))

  1. hanja form? of / (promise)
  2. hanja form? of / (assent, approve)

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Nôm readings: nặc, nược

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.