透
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Translingual
Han character
透 (Kangxi radical 162, 辵+7, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜竹木尸 (YHDS), four-corner 32302, composition ⿺辶秀)
Derived characters
- 𫫟, 𫽾, 𦄭
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1257, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38876
- Dae Jaweon: page 1742, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3842, character 1
- Unihan data for U+900F
Chinese
| trad. | 透 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 透 | |
| alternative forms | 䞬 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 透 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Characters in the same phonetic series (秀) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *l̥ʰoːs, *hljuɡ): semantic 辵 (“walking”) + phonetic 秀 (OC *slus).
This character is not attested in the oracle bone script or bronze inscriptions.
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): teu3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): tou3
- Northern Min (KCR): te̿
- Eastern Min (BUC): táu
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): tao4
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): tau3
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): tou4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: tòu
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄡˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tòu
- Wade–Giles: tʻou4
- Yale: tòu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tow
- Palladius: тоу (tou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰoʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: tou4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: tou
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰəu²¹³/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: tōu
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɤu⁵⁵/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: tōu
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): tou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰəɯ⁴⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: tau3
- Yale: tau
- Cantonese Pinyin: tau3
- Guangdong Romanization: teo3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰɐu̯³³/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: taau3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰau³²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: heu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /heu³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: theu
- Hakka Romanization System: teu
- Hagfa Pinyim: teu4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰeu̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: têu4
- Sinological IPA: /tʰeu⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: te̿
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰe³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: tao4
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ta̍u
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰau⁴²/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thàu
- Tâi-lô: thàu
- Phofsit Daibuun: taux
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰau⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /tʰau²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰau¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò͘
- Tâi-lô: thòo
- Phofsit Daibuun: tox
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tʰɔ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiò
- Tâi-lô: thiò
- Phofsit Daibuun: tioix
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰio⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thò
- Tâi-lô: thò
- Phofsit Daibuun: toix
- IPA (Taipei): /tʰo¹¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tʰɤ²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- thàu - vernacular;
- thò͘/thiò/thò - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: tao3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thàu
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰau²¹³/
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: tao3
- Sinological IPA: /tʰau²¹/
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: tau3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰəu⁵⁵/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- (Northern: Jiading)
- Wugniu: 5thoe
- MiniDict: thoe去
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /tʰø³⁴/
- (Northern: Changzhou, Hangzhou, Zhoushan)
- (Northern: Jiaxing)
- Wugniu: 5the
- MiniDict: the去
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /tʰe³³⁴/
- (Jinhua)
- Wugniu: 5thieu
- Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /tʰiu⁵⁵/
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: thuwH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰoːs/
Definitions
透
- to penetrate; to pass through
- to show; to reveal
- to disclose
- thoroughly; completely
- clear and thorough
- (Cantonese) transparent
- (～母) (Chinese linguistics) the Middle Chinese initial of 透 (MC thuwH)
- (Jin or Internet slang, vulgar, derogatory) fuck
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 肏 (“to fuck; to have sex with”) [map]
Compounds
- 不透明體 / 不透明体
- 伶透
- 侵肌透骨
- 倒楣透頂 / 倒楣透顶
- 偽裝滲透 / 伪装渗透
- 凹透鏡 / 凹透镜 (āotòujìng)
- 凸透鏡 / 凸透镜 (tūtòujìng)
- 剔透 (tītòu)
- 剔透玲瓏 / 剔透玲珑
- 力透紙背 / 力透纸背
- 半透明 (bàntòumíng)
- 半透明體 / 半透明体
- 參透 / 参透 (cāntòu)
- 反滲透 / 反渗透
- 吃透 (chītòu)
- 官星透露
- 密不透風 / 密不透风
- 想不透
- 握拳透掌
- 握拳透爪
- 摸透 (mōtòu)
- 晶瑩剔透 / 晶莹剔透
- 會聚透鏡 / 会聚透镜
- 樂透 / 乐透 (lètòu)
- 海上滲透 / 海上渗透
- 浸透 (jìntòu)
- 滲透 / 渗透 (shèntòu)
- 無聊透頂 / 无聊透顶
- 猜透
- 玲瓏剔透 / 玲珑剔透 (línglóngtītòu)
- 看不透
- 看透 (kàntòu)
- 瞧不透
- 穿透 (chuāntòu)
- 走透
- 路透社 (Lùtòushè)
- 透不過氣 / 透不过气
- 透亮
- 透光 (tòuguāng)
- 透光帶 / 透光带 (tòuguāng dài)
- 透光性
- 透光鏡 / 透光镜
- 透古通今
- 透天厝 (tòutiāncuò)
- 透平機 / 透平机 (tòupíngjī)
- 透底 (tòudǐ)
- 透心涼 / 透心凉 (tòuxīnliáng)
- 透性膜
- 透抽 (thàu-thiu)
- 透支 (tòuzhī)
- 透早 (thàu-chá)
- 透明 (tòumíng)
- 透明化
- 透明度 (tòumíngdù)
- 透明漆
- 透明體 / 透明体 (tòumíngtǐ)
- 透析 (tòuxī)
- 透氣 / 透气 (tòuqì)
- 透水性
- 透消息
- 透漏
- 透澈 (tòuchè)
- 透視 / 透视 (tòushì)
- 透視圖 / 透视图
- 透視畫法 / 透视画法
- 透視縮影 / 透视缩影
- 透脫 / 透脱
- 通透 (tōngtòu)
- 透過 / 透过 (tòuguò)
- 透鏡 / 透镜 (tòujìng)
- 透闢 / 透辟 (tòupì)
- 透雨 (tòuyǔ)
- 透露 (tòulù)
- 透頂 / 透顶 (tòudǐng)
- 透風 / 透风 (tòufēng)
- 透風就過 / 透风就过
- 透骨
- 透骨酸心
- 靈透 / 灵透
- 風雨不透 / 风雨不透
Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: shū
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: shu
- Wade–Giles: shu1
- Yale: shū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shu
- Palladius: шу (šu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: syuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*hljuɡ/
Definitions
透
References
- “透”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
| Shinjitai | 透 | |
| Kyūjitai [1][2] |
透󠄁 透+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
| 透󠄃 透+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
透
- transparent
- permeable, porous
- passable, (in the sense of objects spaced far enough apart to allow something in-between)
Readings
From Middle Chinese 透 (MC thuwH); compare Mandarin 透 (tòu):
From Middle Chinese 透 (MC syuwk); compare Mandarin 透 (shū):
From native Japanese roots:
- Kun: すく (suku, 透く, Jōyō)、すかす (sukasu, 透かす, Jōyō)、すける (sukeru, 透ける, Jōyō)、とおる (tōru, 透る)、とおす (tōsu, 透す)
- Nanori: すき (suki)、すく (suku)、とおる (tōru)、ゆき (yuki)
Compounds
Proper noun
透 • (Tōru)
- a unisex given name
Proper noun
透 • (Sukeru)
- a male given name
References
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 透 (MC thuwH).
Hanja
透 (eumhun 사무칠 투 (samuchil tu))
- hanja form? of 투 (“transparent”)
- hanja form? of 투 (“permeable; pass through”)
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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