醪
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Translingual
Han character
醪 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+11, 18 strokes, cangjie input 一田尸一竹 (MWSMH), four-corner 17622, composition ⿰酉翏)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1287, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40004
- Dae Jaweon: page 1787, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3597, character 2
- Unihan data for U+91AA
Chinese
| trad. | 醪 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 醪 | |
| alternative forms | 濁／浊 Min Nan colloquial | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (翏) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 醪 | *ruːw |
| 嫪 | *ruːw, *rɯːws |
| 嘐 | *ɡ·ruːw, *krɯːw, *qʰrɯːw |
| 賿 | *rrɯːw, *rrɯːwʔ |
| 顟 | *rrɯːw |
| 膠 | *krɯːw, *krɯːws, *kʰrɯːw |
| 轇 | *krɯːw |
| 摎 | *krɯːw, *rɯw |
| 髎 | *riw, *rɯːw |
| 熮 | *riws, *rɯːw, *rɯwʔ |
| 廖 | *rɯːw, *rɯːws, *rɯws |
| 憀 | *rɯːw, *rɯw |
| 豂 | *rɯːw |
| 漻 | *rɯːw |
| 翏 | *ɡ·rɯːw, *ɡ·rɯws |
| 寥 | *rɯːw, *rɯːwɢ |
| 蓼 | *rɯːwʔ, *rɯwɢ |
| 鄝 | *rɯːwʔ |
| 鷚 | *mɡlɯw, *rɯwɢs, *mɡrɯw, *ɡrɯw |
| 繆 | *mlɯw, *mɡrɯw, *mrɯws, *mlɯwɢ |
| 勠 | *rɯw, *rɯwɢs, *rɯwɢ |
| 疁 | *rɯw |
| 飂 | *rɯw, *rɯws |
| 鏐 | *rɯw, *rɯw |
| 僇 | *rɯwɢs, *rɯwɢ |
| 瘳 | *r̥ʰɯw |
| 璆 | *ɡlɯw, *ɡrɯw |
| 謬 | *mrɯws |
| 蟉 | *ɡ·rɯw, *ɡrɯw, *ɡrɯwʔ |
| 樛 | *krɯw |
| 磟 | *ruːwɢ, *rɯwɢ |
| 戮 | *rɯwɢ |
| 剹 | *rɯwɢ |
| 穋 | *rɯwɢ |
Etymology
Sino-Tibetan: Tibetan རུ་མ (ru ma, “curdled milk”), Jingpho ru31- (“liquor”). Similar-looking words in Tai-Kadai may be Han or post-Han loans; cf. Proto-Tai *ʰlawꟲ (“liquor”) (Thai เหล้า (lâo)) (Schuessler, 2007).
Compare also Proto-Vietic *raːwʔ, whence Vietnamese rượu, Muong Bi rão, Tho [Cuối Chăm] riɛw⁴, Proto-Pong *riɛw⁴.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: láo
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: láo
- Wade–Giles: lao2
- Yale: láu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lau
- Palladius: лао (lao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: lou4
- Yale: lòuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: lou4
- Guangdong Romanization: lou4
- Sinological IPA (key): /lou̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lô
- Tâi-lô: lô
- Phofsit Daibuun: looi
- IPA (Xiamen): /lo²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /lo²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /lo¹³/
- IPA (Taipei): /lo²⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /lɤ²³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: lo5 / lao5 / liao5 / liou5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lô / lâu / liâu / liôu
- Sinological IPA (key): /lo⁵⁵/, /lau⁵⁵/, /liau⁵⁵/, /liou⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien)
Note:
- lo5 - vernacular;
- lao5, liao5/liou5 - literary.
- (Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: lo5
- Sinological IPA: /lɔ²²/
- Middle Chinese: law
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*ruːw/
Definitions
醪
- alcohol with dregs
- jiuniang (sweet, soup- or pudding-like dish in Chinese cuisine)
- Synonym: 醪糟 (láozāo)
- alcoholic beverage in general
- (Southern Min) murky; muddy; turbid; unclear
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) thick; viscous
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 渾 (“muddy; turbid”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 渾濁, 混濁 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 渾 |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 渾 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 溷 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 渾 |
| Wuhan | 渾 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 渾 |
| Hefei | 渾 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 濁 |
| Hong Kong | 濁 | |
| Yangjiang | 濁 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 渾 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 渾 |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 溷 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 渾, 濁 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 渾 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 醪, 醪濁 |
| Zhangzhou | 醪 | |
| Chaozhou | 醪 | |
| Haikou | 醪 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 渾 |
| Wenzhou | 渾 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 渾 |
| Shuangfeng | 渾 | |
Dialectal synonyms of 稠 (“thick; viscous”) [map]
Compounds
- 單醪 / 单醪
- 投醪
- 濁醪 / 浊醪
- 醇醪
- 醪糟 (láozāo)
- 醪醴
Japanese
Kanji
醪
- unrefined sake or shoyu
Readings
Korean
Hanja
醪 • (ryo>yo) (hangeul 료>요, revised ryo>yo, McCune–Reischauer ryo>yo, Yale lyo>yo)
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Vietnamese
Han character
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