及
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Translingual
| Traditional | |
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| Simplified | |
| Japanese | |
| Korean |
| Stroke order | |||
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| Stroke order | |||
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Han character
及 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+2 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 又+1 in mainland China and Japanese, 4 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 3 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 弓竹水 (NHE), four-corner 17247, composition ⿻⿹㇋丿乀(GHJV or U+2F836) or ⿸⿱㇇丿又(TK))
Derived characters
- 伋, 吸, 圾, 㚫, 𭕅, 岋, 㠷, 𢎽, 彶, 忣, 扱, 汲, 𤜯, 𨸚, 𠀨, 昅, 䏜, 极, 𤆣, 𪻏, 𥘜, 﨤, 𥄫, 砐, 𥝥, 衱, 級(级), 𦐏, 䑥, 𫊩, 觙, 訯, 𧲫, 𧹜, 趿, 𨋃, 鈒(钑), 靸, 𩎕, 𩖪, 馺, 𩨞, 魥(𩽹), 𩾶, 䶋, 𠚵, 䲯, 𫲼, 岌, 㧀, 芨, 㽺, 笈, 𦐅, 𨳛, 雭, 𥻾, 㤂
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 165, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3118
- Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 35, character 1
- Unihan data for U+53CA
Chinese
| trad. | 及 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 及 | |
| alternative forms | 﨤 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 及 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 人 (“person”) + 又 (“hand”) – a hand grabbing a person.
Etymology 1
Possibly connected to Burmese ကပ် (kap, “to arrive at”) or Jingpho khap (“to carry, to reach”) (Starostin and Peiros, 1996) or less likely to Tibetan འགྲུབ་པ ('grub pa) ~ འགྲུབ ('grub, “to make ready”), སྒྲུབ་པ (sgrub pa) ~ བསྒྲུབ (bsgrub, “to complete, achieve”), གྲུབ་པ (grub pa, “complete”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Possibly departing tone derivations are 暨 (jì, “to attain, to reach”), 迄 (qì, “to reach to”), and 既 (jì, “already”) (Yu, 1948, Baxter, 1992). However, see those entries for more.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qit7
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jieh5
- Northern Min (KCR): gĭ
- Eastern Min (BUC): gĭk
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gih7
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ji6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jí
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jí
- Wade–Giles: chi2
- Yale: jí
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyi
- Palladius: цзи (czi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: jie2 / ji2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gie / gi
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiɛ²¹/, /t͡ɕi²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kap6 / gap6
- Yale: kahp / gahp
- Cantonese Pinyin: kap9 / gap9
- Guangdong Romanization: keb6 / geb6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɐp̚²/, /kɐp̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: giap5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiap̚³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khi̍p
- Hakka Romanization System: kib
- Hagfa Pinyim: kib6
- Sinological IPA: /kʰip̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: kib6
- Sinological IPA: /kʰip̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ki²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: gih7
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gi̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiʔ⁴/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: gip
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-k-]rəp/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡrɯb/
Definitions
及
- to reach; to extend to; to reach the level of
- 觸手可及/触手可及 ― chùshǒukějí ― at one's fingertips; within reach (literally, "can be reached by the touch of hand")
- 及格 ― jígé ― to pass (i.e., to reach the grade for passing)
- to catch up; to be in time
- to be equal; to be comparable; to match
- 愚不可及 ― yúbùkějí ― foolish beyond reach; unmatched foolishness
- 2022, 陳琰冰 [Yanbing Chen], “榮耀至高神 [Glory in the Highest]”[2]performed by 讚美之泉 [Stream of Praise Music]:
- and; as well as
- 以及 ― yǐjí ― as well as
- 夏,五月,宋人及楚人平。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad. and simp.]
- From: Commentary of Gongyang, c. 206 BCE– 9 CE
- Xià, Wǔyuè, sòngrén jí chǔrén píng. [Pinyin]
- Summer, the fifth month, the generals of Song and Chu agreed to peace.
- a surname
Synonyms
Compounds
- 三元及第
- 不及 (bùjí)
- 不可企及 (bùkě qǐjí)
- 不可及 (bùkějí)
- 不足齒及 / 不足齿及
- 世及
- 以及 (yǐjí)
- 企及 (qǐjí)
- 來不及 / 来不及 (láibùjí)
- 來得及 / 来得及 (láidejí)
- 信及豚魚 / 信及豚鱼
- 兄死弟及
- 兄終弟及 / 兄终弟及 (xiōngzhōngdìjí)
- 八及
- 劍及履及 / 剑及履及
- 力所能及 (lìsuǒnéngjí)
- 危及 (wēijí)
- 又及
- 及今
- 及冠
- 及早 (jízǎo)
- 及時 / 及时 (jíshí)
- 及時行樂 / 及时行乐 (jíshíxínglè)
- 及時雨 / 及时雨 (jíshíyǔ)
- 及期
- 及格 (jígé)
- 及熱釜炊 / 及热釜炊
- 及物動詞 / 及物动词 (jíwù dòngcí)
- 及瓜
- 及瓜而代
- 及第 (jídì)
- 及第花
- 及笄 (jíjī)
- 及鋒 / 及锋
- 及鋒而試 / 及锋而试
- 及門 / 及门
- 及齡 / 及龄 (jílíng)
- 唯恐不及
- 噬臍何及 / 噬脐何及
- 噬臍無及 / 噬脐无及
- 噬臍莫及 / 噬脐莫及
- 埃及 (Āijí)
- 埃及曆 / 埃及历
- 央及 (yāngjí)
- 奈及利亞 / 奈及利亚 (Nàijílìyà)
- 始料不及 (shǐliàobùjí)
- 始料未及 (shǐliàowèijí)
- 屨及劍及 / 屦及剑及
- 後悔不及 / 后悔不及
- 後悔何及 / 后悔何及
- 後悔無及 / 后悔无及
- 後悔莫及 / 后悔莫及 (hòuhuǐmòjí)
- 恕己及人
- 恕己及物
- 悔之不及
- 悔之亡及
- 悔之何及
- 悔之無及 / 悔之无及
- 悔之莫及 (huǐzhīmòjí)
- 惠及 (huìjí)
- 愚不可及 (yúbùkějí)
- 愛屋及烏 / 爱屋及乌 (àiwūjíwū)
- 措不及防
- 推及
- 推己及人 (tuījǐjírén)
- 措手不及 (cuòshǒubùjí)
- 提及 (tíjí)
- 擴及 / 扩及
- 料及 (liàojí)
- 旁及
- 普及 (pǔjí)
- 普及教育
- 普及本
- 普及率 (pǔjílǜ)
- 望塵不及 / 望尘不及
- 望塵莫及 / 望尘莫及 (wàngchénmòjí)
- 朝不及夕
- 未及 (wèijí)
- 榮名及親 / 荣名及亲
- 殃及池魚 / 殃及池鱼 (yāngjíchíyú)
- 比及
- 沒及奈何 / 没及奈何
- 波及 (bōjí)
- 波及無辜 / 波及无辜
- 涉及 (shèjí)
- 澤及 / 泽及
- 澤及枯骨 / 泽及枯骨
- 無及 / 无及 (wújí)
- 無所不及 / 无所不及
- 狀元及第 / 状元及第
- 狧糠及米
- 猝不及防 (cùbùjífáng)
- 目光所及 (mùguāngsuǒjí)
- 萬不及一 / 万不及一
- 等不及 (děngbùjí)
- 累及 (lěijí)
- 聯科及第 / 联科及第
- 舐糠及米
- 行不及言
- 觸及 / 触及 (chùjí)
- 觸手可及 / 触手可及 (chùshǒukějí)
- 觸目所及 / 触目所及
- 言不及私
- 言不及義 / 言不及义 (yánbùjíyì)
- 詐奸不及
- 論及婚嫁 / 论及婚嫁
- 謀及婦人 / 谋及妇人
- 走及奔馬 / 走及奔马
- 趕不及 / 赶不及 (gǎnbùjí)
- 趕得及 / 赶得及 (gǎndejí)
- 迫不及待 (pòbùjídài)
- 追悔不及
- 追悔何及
- 追駟不及 / 追驷不及
- 進士及第 / 进士及第 (jìnshì jídì)
- 遍及 (biànjí)
- 過猶不及 / 过犹不及 (guòyóubùjí)
- 遙不可及 / 遥不可及 (yáobùkějí)
- 阿爾及爾 / 阿尔及尔 (Ā'ěrjí'ěr)
- 雞不及鳳 / 鸡不及凤
- 鞭不及腹
- 鞭長莫及 / 鞭长莫及 (biānchángmòjí)
- 顧及 / 顾及 (gùjí)
- 馬不及鞍 / 马不及鞍 (mǎ bùjí ān)
- 駟不及舌 / 驷不及舌
- 齒及 / 齿及 (chǐjí)
Descendants
Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 及 – see 扱 (“(Hokkien) to hold something tightly with one's five fingers”). (This character is a variant form of 扱). |
References
- “及”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
| Shinjitai | 及 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] |
及󠄁 及+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
| 及󠄃 及+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: ごう (gō)←ごふ (gofu, historical)
- Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)←きふ (kifu, historical)
- Kun: および (oyobi, 及び, Jōyō)、およぶ (oyobu, 及ぶ, Jōyō)、およぼす (oyobosu, 及ぼす, Jōyō)
- Nanori: いたる (itaru)、おい (oi)、しき (shiki)、たか (taka)、ちか (chika)
References
- ^ “及”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2025
Korean
Hanja
Vietnamese
Han character
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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