吸

吸 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 口弓竹水 (RNHE), four-corner 6704₇, composition ⿰口及)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 179, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3372
• Dae Jaweon: page 397, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 594, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5438

• Unihan data for U+2F83D

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʰrɯb): semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 及 (OC *ɡrɯb) – to inhale through the mouth. Note that 及 originally derives from “grab”, hence connotations of “grab through the mouth, inhale”.

吸

1. to breathe in; to inhale

   吸一口氣／吸一口气  ―  xī yī kǒu qì  ―  to take a breath

   吸塵器／吸尘器  ―  xīchénqì  ―  vacuum cleaner

   • 藐姑射之山，有神人居焉，肌膚若冰雪，淖約若處子，不食五穀，吸風飲露。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
     藐姑射之山，有神人居焉，肌肤若冰雪，淖约若处子，不食五谷，吸风饮露。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Miǎo Gūyè zhī shān, yǒu shénrén jū yān, jīfū ruò bīngxuě, nàoyuē ruò chùzǐ, bù shí wǔgǔ, xīfēngyǐnlù. [Pinyin]

     Far away on the hill of Gu Ye there dwelt a Spirit-like man whose flesh and skin were (smooth) as ice and (white) as snow; that his manner was elegant and delicate as that of a virgin; that he did not eat any of the five grains, but inhaled the wind and drank the dew.

   1. to smoke

      吸煙／吸烟  ―  xīyān  ―  to smoke cigarettes

      吸大麻  ―  xī dàmá  ―  to smoke marijuana

2. to suck; to drink

   吸奶  ―  xīnǎi  ―  to suckle; to suck milk

   • 吸飛泉之微液兮，懷琬琰之華英。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
     吸飞泉之微液兮，怀琬琰之华英。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE, translated based on David Hawkes' version

     Xī fēiquán zhī wēi yè xī, huái wǎnyǎn zhī huáyīng. [Pinyin]

     I sipped the subtle liquor of the Flying Spring,
     And held in my bosom the flower-bright wan-yan jewel.

3. to absorb

   吸油紙／吸油纸  ―  xīyóuzhǐ  ―  facial oil blotting paper

4. to attract

   吸鐵石／吸铁石  ―  xītiěshí  ―  magnet

   異極相吸／异极相吸  ―  yì jí xiàng xī  ―  opposite poles attract

5. a surname, Xi

• (to smoke): 抽 (chōu)
• (to absorb):

• (to attract):

• (antonym(s) of “to breathe in”): 呼 (hū)

• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “吸”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 250.

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. suck
2. imbibe
3. inhale
4. sip

• Go-on: こう (kō)^{←こふ (kofu, historical)}
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)^{←きふ (kifu, historical)}
• Kun: すう (suu, 吸う, Jōyō)^{←すふ (sufu, 吸ふ, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 吸 (MC xip). Recorded as Middle Korean 흡〮 (húp) (Yale: hup) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Wikisource

吸 (eumhun 마실 흡 (masil heup))

1. hanja form^? of 흡 (“to drink, suck in, to inhale, to attract”)

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

吸 (khôp)

1. Nôm form of khôp (“to bite”).

• Dương Nhật Thanh, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) “吸 KHỐP”, in Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎^[3] (in Tày and Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học xã hội [Social Sciences Publishing House]

吸: Hán Việt readings: hấp^[1][2][3]
吸: Nôm readings: cạp^[1][2][3][4], cấp^[4], cộp^[2][3], gặp^[1], hấp^[2][4], hóp^[1][4], hớp^[1][2][3][4], húp^[2][3], hút^[2][3], kịp^[1], ngập^[1]

1. chữ Hán form of hấp (“to absorb”)
2. chữ Nôm form of cạp (“to edge; to bite”)
3. chữ Nôm form of cấp
4. chữ Nôm form of cộp
5. chữ Nôm form of gặp (“to meet; to experience”)
6. chữ Nôm form of hấp (“to steam; slow-witted, off”)
7. chữ Nôm form of hóp
8. chữ Nôm form of hớp (“to sip”)
9. chữ Nôm form of húp (“to slurp; swollen”)
10. chữ Nôm form of hút (“to inhale, suck; deep”)
11. chữ Nôm form of kịp (“on time; keeping pace with”)
12. chữ Nôm form of ngập

• 范廷琥 [Phạm Đình Hổ] (1851) “吸”, in 日用常談 [Nhật dụng thường đàm, Common Conversations for Daily Use]‎^[4] (in Vietnamese), woodblock edition, 同文齋藏板 [Đồng Văn Trai tàng bản]
• 竹内与之助 [Takeuchi Yonosuke] (10 May 1988) 字喃字典 [Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, Chữ Nôm Dictionary]‎^[5] (in Japanese and Vietnamese), 1st edition, Tokyo: 大学書林 [Daigaku Syorin], via Nomfoundation.org, →ISBN, archived from the original on 28 July 2019