抓
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Translingual
Han character
抓 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手竹中人 (QHLO) or 難手竹中人 (XQHLO), four-corner 52030, composition ⿰扌爪)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 421, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11885
- Dae Jaweon: page 768, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1839, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6293
Chinese
| trad. | 抓 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 抓 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (爪) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Is /-ua/ irregular? How did it develop?”)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zaau2 / zaa1
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): cuá
- Eastern Min (BUC): cuă
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zua1 / zuo1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1tsau; 1tsa
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhuā
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄚ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhua
- Wade–Giles: chua1
- Yale: jwā
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jua
- Palladius: чжуа (čžua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ä⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: zua1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zua
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sua⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zaau2 / zaa1
- Yale: jáau / jā
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzaau2 / dzaa1
- Guangdong Romanization: zao2 / za1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡saːu̯³⁵/, /t͡saː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: châ / sâ
- Hakka Romanization System: zaˊ / saˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: za1 / sa1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sa²⁴/, /sa²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: zaˋ / saˋ
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sa⁵³/, /sa⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cuá
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sua⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: choa
- Tâi-lô: tsua
- Phofsit Daibuun: zoaf
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sua³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sua⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jiàu
- Tâi-lô: jiàu
- Phofsit Daibuun: jiaux
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziau²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /d͡ziau¹¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziau²¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giàu
- Tâi-lô: giàu
- Phofsit Daibuun: giaux
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiau²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /ɡiau¹¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liàu
- Tâi-lô: liàu
- Phofsit Daibuun: liaux
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /liau²¹/
- IPA (Philippines): /liau⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /liau¹¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: zua1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsua
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sua³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
- Wu
Note:
- 1tsau - vernacular, "to scratch (an itch)";
- 1tsa - literary.
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: tsraew, tsraewX, tsraewH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ts](ˤ)ru/, /*tsˤ<r>uʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsruː/, /*ʔsruːʔ/, /*ʔsruːs/
Definitions
抓
- to grab
- to scratch (with nails, claws, etc.)
- to be responsible for; to be in charge of
- to attract (the attention of someone or something); to entice; to allure; to draw; to fascinate; to appeal to
- to catch; to capture
- to arrest
Synonyms
- (to grab): (colloquial) 抄 (chāo)
- (to scratch):
Dialectal synonyms of 搔 (“to scratch (an itch)”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 搔 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 搔, 撓 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 搔, 抓 |
| Singapore | 抓 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 𢯎, 搲 |
| Hong Kong | 𢯎, 搲 | |
| Taishan | 搲 | |
| Yangjiang | 𢯎 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 搲 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 爪 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 爪 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 爪 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 爪 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 爪 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 爪 | |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 扒 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 扒 |
| Quanzhou | 扒 | |
| Zhangzhou | 扒 | |
| Tainan | 扒 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 扒 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 扒 | |
| Shantou (Chaoyang) | 扒 | |
| Puning | 嬈, 扒 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 抓 |
| Suzhou | 抓 | |
| Wenzhou | 抓 | |
- (to be responsible for): 主管 (zhǔguǎn)
- (to attract):
- (to catch):
Dialectal synonyms of 捉 (“to catch; to capture”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 捉, 抓, 捕, 捕捉 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 抓, 捉 |
| Malaysia | 捉 | |
| Singapore | 捉, 抓 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 捉 |
| Hong Kong | 捉 | |
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 捉 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 捉 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 捉 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 捉 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 捉 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 捉 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 捉 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 捉 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 捉 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 掠 |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 掠 | |
| Quanzhou | 掠 | |
| Zhangzhou | 掠 | |
| Zhangzhou (Longhai) | 掠 | |
| Tainan | 掠 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 掠 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 掠 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 掠 | |
| Chaozhou | 掠 | |
| Raoping | 掠 | |
| Shantou | 掠 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 掠 | |
| Wenchang | 掠 | |
| Qionghai | 掠 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 搦 |
| Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) | 搦 | |
| Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) | 搦 | |
| Xianyou | 搦 | |
| Xianyou (Fengting) | 搦 | |
| Xianyou (Youyang) | 搦 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 捉 |
| Suzhou | 捉 | |
| Hangzhou | 抲 | |
| Shaoxing | 抲 | |
| Ningbo | 抲 | |
- (to arrest):
- 俘獲 / 俘获 (fúhuò)
- 俘虜 / 俘虏 (fúlǔ)
- 囚俘 (qiúfú) (literary)
- 抓獲 / 抓获 (zhuāhuò)
- 拘捕 (jūbǔ)
- 拿獲 / 拿获 (náhuò)
- 捉 (zhuō)
- 捉拿 (zhuōná)
- 捕捉 (bǔzhuō)
- 捕獲 / 捕获 (bǔhuò)
- 搜捕 (sōubǔ)
- 搏 (bó) (literary, or in compounds)
- 擒拿 (qínná)
- 擒獲 / 擒获 (qínhuò)
- 攝 / 摄 (literary, or in compounds)
- 查獲 / 查获 (cháhuò)
- 緝拿 / 缉拿 (jīná)
- 緝捕 / 缉捕 (jībǔ)
- 緝獲 / 缉获 (qìhuò) (literary)
- 被捕 (bèibǔ) (to be arrested)
- 被逮 (bèidǎi) (to be arrested)
- 訪拿 / 访拿 (fǎngná) (literary)
- 訪緝 / 访缉 (fǎngjī) (literary)
- 跴緝 / 跴缉 (cǎijī) (literary)
- 踩緝 / 踩缉 (cǎijī) (literary)
- 巡捕 (xúnbǔ)
- 追拿 (zhuīná)
- 追捕 (zhuībǔ)
- 追擊 / 追击 (zhuījī) (to pursue and attack)
- 追索 (zhuīsuǒ) (literary)
- 追緝 / 追缉 (zhuījī)
- 逮捕
Dialectal synonyms of 逮捕 (“to arrest”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 逮捕, 拘捕, 捕捉, 緝捕, 捉拿 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 逮, 抓 |
| Taiwan | 捉, 抓 | |
| Singapore | 捉, 抓 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 拉 |
| Hong Kong | 拉, 錔 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 拉 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 捉 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 緝掠 |
| Quanzhou | 網, 網董 | |
| Tainan | 掠 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 掠 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 掠 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 掠 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 掠 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 捕 |
| Ningbo | 揢 | |
| Wenzhou | 拔 | |
Compounds
- 一把抓 (yībǎzhuā)
- 抓一把
- 抓乖
- 抓乖賣俏 / 抓乖卖俏
- 抓住 (zhuāzhù)
- 抓哏
- 抓大頭 / 抓大头
- 抓子兒 / 抓子儿
- 抓尋 / 抓寻
- 抓尖兒 / 抓尖儿
- 抓尖要強 / 抓尖要强
- 抓工夫
- 抓弄
- 抓彩
- 抓抓掗掗 / 抓抓挜挜
- 抓抓撓撓 / 抓抓挠挠
- 抓撓 / 抓挠 (zhuānao)
- 抓撓兒 / 抓挠儿
- 抓權 / 抓权
- 抓牢
- 抓狂 (zhuākuáng)
- 抓癢 / 抓痒 (zhuāyǎng)
- 抓瞎 (zhuāxiā)
- 抓破臉兒 / 抓破脸儿
- 抓碴兒 / 抓碴儿
- 抓緊 / 抓紧 (zhuājǐn)
- 抓耳搔腮
- 抓耳撓腮 / 抓耳挠腮
- 抓膘
- 抓舉 / 抓举 (zhuājǔ)
- 抓著癢處 / 抓著痒处
- 抓藥 / 抓药 (zhuāyào)
- 抓角兒 / 抓角儿
- 抓辮子 / 抓辫子 (zhuābiànzi)
- 抓週 / 抓周 (zhuāzhōu)
- 抓頭挖耳 / 抓头挖耳
- 抓髻
- 抓鬮 / 抓阄 (zhuājiū)
- 拐抓
- 搔耳抓腮
- 搔首抓耳
- 照方兒抓 / 照方儿抓
- 瞎抓 (xiāzhuā)
- 隔靴抓癢 / 隔靴抓痒
- 飛抓 / 飞抓
- 鷹抓燕雀 / 鹰抓燕雀
References
- “抓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “抓”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 177.
Japanese
Kanji
抓
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Readings
- Go-on: しょう (shō)←せう (seu, historical)
- Kan-on: そう (sō)←さう (sau, historical)
- Kun: つまむ (tsumamu, 抓む)、つねる (tsuneru, 抓る)
Korean
Hanja
抓 • (jo) (hangeul 조)
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Vietnamese
Han character
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