Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kuš

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*kuš

(Common Turkic) bird
Synonyms: *kẹyik, *sïb-čuk
(Siberian Turkic) duck
Synonym: *ȫrdek

Declension

Declension of *kuš (Common Turkic)
	singular	plural ²⁾
nominative	*kuš	*kušlar
accusative
genitive	*kušnïŋ	*kušlarnïŋ
dative	*kuška	*kušlarka
locative	*kušta	*kušlarda
ablative	*kuštan	*kušlardan
instrumental ¹⁾		*kušlarïn
equative ¹⁾	*kušča	*kušlarča

¹⁾ The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾ This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

Arghu:
- Khalaj: quş
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish: قوش (quş)
  - Azerbaijani: quş
    - → Armenian: ղուշ (ġuš)
  - Gagauz: kuş
  - Ottoman Turkish: قوش (kuş)
    - Turkish: kuş
    - → Armenian: ղուշ (ġuš)
- Turkmen: guş
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: قُشْ (quš)
  - Chagatai: قوش (quš)
    - ⇒ Chagatai: [script needed] (quš parvana, “moth”)
    - Uzbek: qush
    - Uyghur: قۇش (qush)
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ҡош (qoş)
  - Tatar: кош (qoş)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: quş
- South Kipchak:
  - Karakalpak: qus
  - Kazakh: құс (qūs)
  - Nogai: кус (kus)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: куш (kuş)
  - Southern Altai: куш (kuš)
Siberian:
- Old Uyghur: 𐽲𐽳𐽿 (qwš /⁠ḳuš⁠/)
  - Western Yugur: qus
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: кус (kus, “duck”)
  - Dolgan: кус (“duck”)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Chulym: қус (qus, “bird with (улуғ)”)
    - Khakas: хус (xus)
    - Shor: қуш (quš)
  - Sayan:
    - Tofa: ӄуъш (qu"š, “wood grouse”)
    - Tuvan: куш (kuş)
  - Northern Altai: куш (kuš)


dog: *ï̄t	hunting dog: *eker	hen: *tiakïgu
lark: *torgay	dove, pigeon: *kȫkerčin	quail: *bïldurčïn
sparrow: *serče	hawk, falcon: *kïrguy	goose: *kāŕ
wolf: *bȫrü	cow: *ingek	calf: *buŕagu
camel: *tebe	young of camel: kȫĺek, botu	horse: *at
foal: *kulun	worm: *kūrt	snake: *yï̄lan
fox: *tilkü	goat: *keči	he-goat: *teke
lion: *arsïlan	fish: *bālïk	carp bream: *čapak
donkey: *eĺčgek	carp: *siāŕgan	catfish: *yāyïn
beaver: *kunduŕ	hedgehog: *kirpi	badger: *borsmuk
fly, mosquito: *siŋek	wasp, bee: *ārï	gadfly: *bȫgen
moth: *küńe	louse: *bït	earthworm: *sïbuĺgan
yak: *kotuz	colt: *sïp	dragon: *siāŕgan
worm: *kūrt	deer: keyik, sïgun, bulan, bugu	lizard: *keleŕ

References

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “kuš”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 670
Dybo, Anna Vladimirovna (2013). Этимологический словарь базисной лексики тюркских языков (in Russian), TOO - Prosper Print, pages 137-38.
Räsänen, Martti (1969) “kuš”, in Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 305
Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill