toa

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

toa (plural toas)

1. A small painted artifact made by the Diyari people of Australia, believed to have been used as place markers or signposts.
   • 2000, Lin Onus, Urban dingo: the art and life of Lin Onus, 1948-1996, page 21:

     These thirty-four toa constructions, made from urban debris and ceremoniously installed in a circular (or sometimes oval) bed of sand, bring together the multiple themes centred on reclamation that preoccupied his life.

   • 2005, Bill Arthur, Macquarie Atlas of Indigenous Australia‎^[1], page 22:

     It seems that on leaving one place people would place a toa in the ground to show other people where they had gone.

Borrowed from Maori toa.

toa (plural toas)

1. (New Zealand) A brave warrior.
   • 1902, Journal of the Polynesian Society‎^[2], volume 11, page 211:

     The toa or brave who distinguished himself was thought very highly of.

   • 2011, Robert N. Bellah, Religion in Human Evolution‎^[3], page 261:

     Thus in Polynesia, the toa (warrior) could challenge the ariki (priest/chief).

Borrowed from Maori toa. Doublet of koa.

toa (countable and uncountable, plural toas)

1. A Polynesian tree of the genus Casuarina, or its wood.
   • 1817, William Mariner, An Account of the Natives of the Tonga Islands in the South Pacific‎^[4], page 302:

     It happens that nature has assembled in this spot, not only the wildest profusion of the vegetable kingdom, over which the lofty toa tree stands pre-eminent, but also objects of another description, overhanging rocks, hollow-sounding caverns, and steep precipices, calculated to give an aspect as bold and sublime as the imagination can well conceive, and constituting a species of scenery, which, in proportion as it is more rare, is more admired by the natives.

   • 1882, John Shertzer Hittell, The Commerce and Industries of the Pacific Coast of North America‎^[5], page 604:

     The toa wood of the South Pacific islands is similar to Eastern walnut in color and texture, but is much finer in figure.

• AOT, ATO, OTA, Ota, TAO, Tao, oat, tao

toa f

1. feminine singular of tou

From Latin tua, feminine of tuus.

toa f (masculine to)

1. your; second-person feminine singular possessive pronoun

toa

1. water

• Jim and Judy Parlier. Managalasi phonology. 2008 [1963].

toa

1. genitive singular of tuba

toa

1. fowl

Attested circa 1450. From toar, from Old French toer, from Old Norse toga,^[1] from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to pull”). Compare English tow.

• IPA^(key): /ˈtoa̝/

toa f (plural toas)

1. towrope

• á toa

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “toa”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “toa”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “toa”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “toa”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “toa”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

toa

1. inflection of toar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

toa

1. (transitive) to measure the length, weight
2. (intransitive) to be nice.
3. to be delicious

• Burling, R. (2003) The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo) Vol. II: The Lexicon‎^[6], Bangladesh: University of Michigan, page 388

A genericized trademark of the Japanese trademark TOA, from the first two characters (東亞(とうあ) (tōa, “East Asia”))) of its former name (東亞特殊電機(とうあとくしゅでんき) (tōatokushudenki)).

• IPA^(key): [ˈto.a]
• Hyphenation: toa

toa

1. (dialect, informal) sound system, including megaphone

   Toa di sekolah kami sangat nyaring.

   The megaphone in our school is very loud.

From Proto-Polynesian *toqa (compare Hawaiian koa and Samoan toa).

toa

1. brave.

toa

1. a warrior.
2. courage
3. a male.

toa

1. to win

From English store.

toa

1. a store or shop.

• “toa” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

• Rhymes: -oɐ
• Hyphenation: to‧a

From toar, from Old French toer, from Old Norse toga, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną (“to pull”). Compare English tow.

toa f (plural toas)

1. towrope

   Synonym: sirga

• à toa

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

toa

1. inflection of toar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

From Proto-Polynesian *toa (compare Hawaiian koa), from Proto-Oceanic *toRas, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *teRas (compare Indonesian teras).

toa

1. A tree with dark-colored, hard wood, Casuarina equisetifolia.

From Proto-Polynesian *toqa (compare Hawaiian koa).

toa

1. warrior
2. hero

toa

1. heroic
2. brave
3. courageous

toa

1. inflection of toar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

-toa (infinitive kutoa)

1. to give (out)
2. to produce
3. to publish
4. to offer

   kutoa rushwa ― to offer a bribe

5. to put out, to remove
6. (reflexive) to withdraw, to retire
   • 2022, Muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar: Chimbuko, Misingi na Maendeleo, Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania, →ISBN:

     […] kufuatia kujitoa kwa Tanzania Zanzibar katika Bodi ya Mitihani ya Afrika Mashariki mwaka 1970 na Tanzania Bara mwaka 1971.

     […] following the withdrawal of Zanzibar from the East African Examinations Council in 1970 and of Mainland Tanzania in 1971.

Conjugation of -toa
Positive present -natoa Subjunctive -toe Negative -toi Imperative singular toa
Infinitives
Positive kutoa Negative kutotoa
Imperatives
Singular toa Plural toeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutoa Positive past positive subject concord + -litoa Negative past negative subject concord + -kutoa
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natoa) Singular Plural 1st person ninatoa/natoa tunatoa 2nd person unatoa mnatoa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatoa wanatoa other classes positive subject concord + -natoa
Negative present (negative subject concord + -toi) Singular Plural 1st person sitoi hatutoi 2nd person hutoi hamtoi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatoi hawatoi other classes negative subject concord + -toi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatoa Negative future negative subject concord + -tatoa
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -toe) Singular Plural 1st person nitoe tutoe 2nd person utoe mtoe 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atoe watoe other classes positive subject concord + -toe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sitoe Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetoa Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetoa Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitoa Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitoa
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atoa) Singular Plural 1st person natoa twatoa 2nd person watoa mwatoa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atoa watoa m-mi(III/IV) watoa yatoa ji-ma(V/VI) latoa yatoa ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatoa vyatoa n(IX/X) yatoa zatoa u(XI) watoa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwatoa pa(XVI) patoa mu(XVIII) mwatoa
Perfect positive subject concord + -metoa "Already" positive subject concord + -meshatoa "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatoa "If/When" positive subject concord + -kitoa "If not" positive subject concord + -sipotoa Consecutive katoa / positive subject concord + -katoa Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katoe
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nitoa -tutoa 2nd person -kutoa -watoa/-kutoeni/-watoeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtoa -watoa m-mi(III/IV) -utoa -itoa ji-ma(V/VI) -litoa -yatoa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitoa -vitoa n(IX/X) -itoa -zitoa u(XI) -utoa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kutoa pa(XVI) -patoa mu(XVIII) -mutoa Reflexive -jitoa
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -toa- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -toaye -toao m-mi(III/IV) -toao -toayo ji-ma(V/VI) -toalo -toayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -toacho -toavyo n(IX/X) -toayo -toazo u(XI) -toao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -toako pa(XVI) -toapo mu(XVIII) -toamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -toa) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yetoa -otoa m-mi(III/IV) -otoa -yotoa ji-ma(V/VI) -lotoa -yotoa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotoa -vyotoa n(IX/X) -yotoa -zotoa u(XI) -otoa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kotoa pa(XVI) -potoa mu(XVIII) -motoa
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -tolea
  • Causative: -toza
  • Passive: -tolewa
  • Reciprocal: -toana
  • Stative: -toleka

• Nominal derivations:
  • utoaji

Clipping of toalett, from French toilette.

• IPA^(key): /²tuːˌa/

toa c

1. (colloquial) synonym of toalett (“toilet; bathroom”)

   Jag måste gå på toa!

   I need to go to the bathroom!

• toalett
• dass (colloquial)
• skithus (colloquial)
• hemlighus

• necessär

• toa in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• toa in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• toa in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

• IPA^(key): [ˈto.a]

toa

1. to extend the hand, to reach out

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [twaː˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [twaː˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [t⁽ʷ⁾aː˧˧]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

toa

1. a railroad car/railway carriage

From Teochew 單 / 单. Compare Thai ตั๋ว (dtǔua), Khmer តួ (tuə).

toa

1. (medicine, pharmacy) prescription (written order for the administration of a medicine)

• (prescription): toa thuốc, đơn thuốc

Borrowed from French toi.

toa

1. (obsolete, sometimes humorous, originally towards a French speaker) you

   Coordinate term: moa

• ngộ/nị (towards a Cantonese speaker)
• hoá/lứ (towards a Teochew speaker)

• tao