tok

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tok"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of Toki Pona toki pona or English Toki Pona.

Symbol

tok

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Toki Pona.

See also

  • Wiktionary’s coverage of Toki Pona terms

Albanian

Etymology 1

An onomatopoeia, similar to Italian toccare (to touch, to tap).[1]

Verb

tok (aorist toka, participle tokur) (transitive)

  1. to cut or hit meat to mince it or make meatballs
    Synonym: grij
  2. to sharpen (scythe or sickle)
    Synonym: kalit
    toku draprintempering the sickle
  3. knock
    Synonym: trokas
  4. to hit (or handshake) someone's hand to greet them, toast someone by clinking glasses
    Synonym: çokas
    tokën duartthey high fived
    tokën gotatthey toasted with glasses
Conjugation
Alternative forms
Derived terms

Etymology 2

A semantic variation of the above mentioned verb.

Adverb

tok

  1. together
    Synonyms: bashkërisht, grumbull, së bashku

References

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “tok”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 459

Further reading

  • FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[3], 1980

Azerbaijani

Etymology

From Russian ток (tok).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [tok]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

tok (definite accusative toku, plural toklar)

  1. (colloquial) current (electric)
    Synonym: cərəyan
    onu tok vurduhe got an electric shock
    toka qoşmaqto power up, to plug in
    toka verməkto give electric shocks (in order to torture or kill)

Declension

Declension of tok
singular plural
nominative toktoklar
definite accusative tokutokları
dative tokatoklara
locative tokdatoklarda
ablative tokdantoklardan
definite genitive tokuntokların
Possessive forms of tok
nominative
singular plural
mənim (my) tokum toklarım
sənin (your) tokun tokların
onun (his/her/its) toku tokları
bizim (our) tokumuz toklarımız
sizin (your) tokunuz toklarınız
onların (their) toku or tokları tokları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (my) tokumu toklarımı
sənin (your) tokunu toklarını
onun (his/her/its) tokunu toklarını
bizim (our) tokumuzu toklarımızı
sizin (your) tokunuzu toklarınızı
onların (their) tokunu or toklarını toklarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (my) tokuma toklarıma
sənin (your) tokuna toklarına
onun (his/her/its) tokuna toklarına
bizim (our) tokumuza toklarımıza
sizin (your) tokunuza toklarınıza
onların (their) tokuna or toklarına toklarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (my) tokumda toklarımda
sənin (your) tokunda toklarında
onun (his/her/its) tokunda toklarında
bizim (our) tokumuzda toklarımızda
sizin (your) tokunuzda toklarınızda
onların (their) tokunda or toklarında toklarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (my) tokumdan toklarımdan
sənin (your) tokundan toklarından
onun (his/her/its) tokundan toklarından
bizim (our) tokumuzdan toklarımızdan
sizin (your) tokunuzdan toklarınızdan
onların (their) tokundan or toklarından toklarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (my) tokumun toklarımın
sənin (your) tokunun toklarının
onun (his/her/its) tokunun toklarının
bizim (our) tokumuzun toklarımızın
sizin (your) tokunuzun toklarınızın
onların (their) tokunun or toklarının toklarının

Further reading

  • tok” in Obastan.com.

Baba Malay

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Hokkien (toh, tok, “table”).

Noun

tok

  1. table (furniture)

Derived terms

Chickasaw

Particle

tok

  1. particle used to express actions in the past.
    Hatuk nakni aiya achumpa tok.
    That man went to town.
    (literally, “That man go town (past tense).”)

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech tok, from Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈtok]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

tok m inan (diminutive tůček)

  1. flow

Declension

verbs

Further reading

Faroese

Etymology

From Low German tog, from Middle Low German tog, from Old Saxon *tugi, from Proto-West Germanic *tugi.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtʰoːk/
  • Rhymes: -oːk

Noun

tok n (genitive singular toks, plural tok)

  1. train

Declension

n3 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative tok tokið tok tokini
accusative tok tokið tok tokini
dative toki tokinum tokum tokunum
genitive toks toksins toka tokanna

Derived terms

compounds
  • tokferð
  • tokrán
  • tokránsmaður
  • toksamanbrestur
  • tokskifti
  • tokstøð
  • tokvanlukka
  • tokvognur

References

  • "tok" at Sprotin.fo

Hungarian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈtok]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: tok
  • Rhymes: -ok

Etymology 1

Unknown.[1]

Noun

tok (plural tokok)

  1. holder
  2. case
  3. cover
  4. sheath
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative tok tokok
accusative tokot tokokat
dative toknak tokoknak
instrumental tokkal tokokkal
causal-final tokért tokokért
translative tokká tokokká
terminative tokig tokokig
essive-formal tokként tokokként
essive-modal
inessive tokban tokokban
superessive tokon tokokon
adessive toknál tokoknál
illative tokba tokokba
sublative tokra tokokra
allative tokhoz tokokhoz
elative tokból tokokból
delative tokról tokokról
ablative toktól tokoktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular
toké tokoké
non-attributive
possessive – plural
tokéi tokokéi
Possessive forms of tok
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. tokom tokjaim
2nd person sing. tokod tokjaid
3rd person sing. tokja tokjai
1st person plural tokunk tokjaink
2nd person plural tokotok tokjaitok
3rd person plural tokjuk tokjaik
Derived terms

(Compound words):

Etymology 2

Uncertain. Perhaps borrowed from Turkic, probably before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries).[1] Compare also Armenian թուխու (tʻuxu, sturgeon).

Noun

tok (plural tokok)

  1. sturgeon (a type of fish)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative tok tokok
accusative tokot tokokat
dative toknak tokoknak
instrumental tokkal tokokkal
causal-final tokért tokokért
translative tokká tokokká
terminative tokig tokokig
essive-formal tokként tokokként
essive-modal
inessive tokban tokokban
superessive tokon tokokon
adessive toknál tokoknál
illative tokba tokokba
sublative tokra tokokra
allative tokhoz tokokhoz
elative tokból tokokból
delative tokról tokokról
ablative toktól tokoktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular
toké tokoké
non-attributive
possessive – plural
tokéi tokokéi
Possessive forms of tok
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. tokom tokjaim
2nd person sing. tokod tokjaid
3rd person sing. tokja tokjai
1st person plural tokunk tokjaink
2nd person plural tokotok tokjaitok
3rd person plural tokjuk tokjaik

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 tok in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • (case, sheath): tok in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
  • (sturgeon): tok in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Kokborok

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Bodo-Garo *tao² (bird), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *daw (bird). Cognate with Bodo (India) दाव (dao), Atong (India) taw·, Garo do·o.

Noun

tok

  1. bird

References

  • Debbarma, Binoy (2001) “tok”, in Concise Kokborok-English-Bengali Dictionary[4], Language Wing, Education Department, TTAADC, →ISBN, page 129

Kusunda

Pronoun

tok

  1. we (first-person plural pronoun)

References

  • David E. Watters (2006) “Notes on Kusunda Grammar: A Language Isolate of Nepal”, in Himalayan Linguistics[5], page 44

Nigerian Pidgin

Etymology

From English talk.

Verb

tok

  1. to say; to speak; to talk
    • 2018 October 23, “'I wan get pikin but I no wan nack'”, in BBC News Pidgin:
      E tok say, "I still dey feel pipo wella, like romantically, I still fit say dis girl fine, but e no go reach my brain to di point say I wan nack dis babe."
      He said, "I still have strong feelings for people, like romantically. I can still say that a girl is beautiful, but it won't get to my head to the point where I want to have sex with her."
    • 2025 April 23, Orla Guerin, “More dan 150 pipo injure as earthquakes shake buildings for Turkey Istanbul”, in BBC News Pidgin[6]:
      Di largest earthquake on Wednesday bin strike around 12:49 local time (09:49 GMT) at a depth of 6.92 km (4.3 miles), na wetin Turkey emergency services tok.
      The largest earthquake on Wednesday struck around 12:49 local time (09:49 GMT) at a depth of 6.92 km (4.3 miles), is what Turkey emergency services said.

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Verb

tok

  1. simple past of ta

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

tok

  1. past of ta and taka

Polabian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *takъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tɔk/

Pronoun

tok

  1. such

Polish

Pronunciation

 
  • IPA(key): /ˈtɔk/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔk
  • Syllabification: tok
  • Homophone: tog

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish tok, from Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

Noun

tok m inan

  1. process
    Synonyms: proces, przebieg
  2. course
    tok zdarzeńcourse of events
  3. (in certain collocations) train
    tok myśleniatrain of thought
  4. current (part of a fluid that moves continuously in a certain direction)
  5. (in compounds) -rrhea (excessive flow)
    ślinotoksialorrhea
    łojotokseborrhea
  6. (ethology) courtship display
  7. (Far Masovian) synonym of koryto
    1. (Far Masovian) water trough (trough for giving water to cattle and horses)
      Hypernym: koryto
Declension
Derived terms
preposition
noun
verb

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French toque.

Noun

tok m inan

  1. (archaic) toque (type of hat)
    Synonym: toczek
Declension

Further reading

  • tok in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • tok in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Wojciech Grzegorzewicz (1894) “tok”, in “O języku ludowym w powiecie przasnyskim”, in Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności (in Polish), volume 5, Krakow: Akademia Umiejętności, page 123

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tokъ. Cognate to e-grade tȅći.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tôːk/

Noun

tȏk m inan (Cyrillic spelling то̑к)

  1. flow
  2. stream, current
  3. flux
    sv(j)etlosni tokluminous flux
    energijski tokenergy flux
  4. (Croatia) spatial movement (as opposed to temporal movement, compare tijȇk)
Declension
Declension of tok
singular plural
nominative tȏk tókovi
genitive toka tokova
dative toku tokovima
accusative tok tokove
vocative toče tokovi
locative toku tokovima
instrumental tokom tokovima
Derived terms

Further reading

  • tok”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طوقه (compare Turkish toka).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tôːk/

Noun

tȏk m inan (Cyrillic spelling то̑к)

  1. (regional) sheath, scabbard
    Synonym: korice
Declension
Declension of tok
singular plural
nominative tȏk tòkovi
genitive toka tokova
dative toku tokovima
accusative tok tokove
vocative toče tokovi
locative toku tokovima
instrumental tokom tokovima

Further reading

  • tok”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [tɔk]

Noun

tok m inan (declension pattern of dub)

  1. flow
  2. current

Declension

Declension of tok
(pattern dub)
singularplural
nominativetoktoky
genitivetokutokov
dativetokutokom
accusativetoktoky
locativetokutokoch
instrumentaltokomtokmi

Further reading

  • tok”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025

Slovene

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *tokъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tóːk/

Noun

tọ̑k m inan

  1. current
Declension
The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., hard o-stem, plural in -ôv-
nom. sing. tók
gen. sing. tóka
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)
tók tokôva tokôvi
genitive
(rodȋlnik)
tóka tokôv tokôv
dative
(dajȃlnik)
tóku tokôvoma tokôvom
accusative
(tožȋlnik)
tók tokôva tokôve
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)
tóku tokôvih tokôvih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)
tókom tokôvoma tokôvi
The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. tók
gen. sing. tóka
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)
tók tóka tóki
genitive
(rodȋlnik)
tóka tókov tókov
dative
(dajȃlnik)
tóku tókoma tókom
accusative
(tožȋlnik)
tók tóka tóke
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)
tóku tókih tókih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)
tókom tókoma tóki

Etymology 2

From Hungarian tok.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tɔ́k/, /tóːk/

Noun

tȍk or tọ̑k m inan

  1. holder
  2. case
Declension
The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. tòk
gen. sing. tóka
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)
tòk tóka tóki
genitive
(rodȋlnik)
tóka tókov tókov
dative
(dajȃlnik)
tóku tókoma tókom
accusative
(tožȋlnik)
tòk tóka tóke
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)
tóku tókih tókih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)
tókom tókoma tóki
The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. tók
gen. sing. tóka
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)
tók tóka tóki
genitive
(rodȋlnik)
tóka tókov tókov
dative
(dajȃlnik)
tóku tókoma tókom
accusative
(tožȋlnik)
tók tóka tóke
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)
tóku tókih tókih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)
tókom tókoma tóki

Further reading

  • tok”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
  • tok”, in Termania, Amebis
  • See also the general references

Southeastern Tepehuan

Etymology

Cognate with Northern Tepehuan tóki, O'odham toki.

Noun

tok

  1. cotton

References

  • R. de Willett, Elizabeth, et al. (2016) Diccionario tepehuano de Santa María Ocotán, Durango (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 48)‎[7] (in Spanish), electronic edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 168

Swedish

Etymology

Dialectal, perhaps of imitative origin.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tuːk/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

tok c

  1. crazy person, fool, wacko (stupid and/or crazy (and silly) person)
    köra som en tok
    drive like a fool/madman
  2. shrubby cinquefoil (short form of ölandstok)

Declension

Derived terms

References

Anagrams

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English talk.

Noun

tok

  1. information; message; news; speech; announcement
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:22:
      Na God i mekim gutpela tok bilong givim strong long ol. Em i tokim ol olsem, “Yupela ol kain kain samting bilong solwara, yupela i mas kamap planti na pulapim olgeta hap bilong solwara. Na yupela ol pisin, yupela i mas kamap planti long graun.”
      →New International Version translation
  2. rumour
  3. word
  4. language

Derived terms

Verb

tok intrans., transitive tokim

  1. (intransitive) to speak, talk
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:3:
      Na God i tok olsem, “Lait i mas kamap.” Orait lait i kamap.
      And God said this, "Light must appear." So light appeared.

Derived terms

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish طوق (ṭoḳ),[1][2][3] from Proto-Turkic *tok, from *tod- (to become satiated) or *to- (to fill up; to close, to block).[4][5][6]

Adjective

tok

  1. Not hungry; sated, full.
    Synonym: doymuş
    Antonym:
  2. (of fabric) thickly, densely woven
  3. (of voice) deep and loud

Declension

Predicative forms of tok
present tense
positive declarative positive interrogative
ben (I am) tokum tok muyum?
sen (you are) toksun tok musun?
o (he/she/it is) tok / toktur tok mu?
biz (we are) tokuz tok muyuz?
siz (you are) toksunuz tok musunuz?
onlar (they are) tok(lar) tok(lar) mı?
past tense
positive declarative positive interrogative
ben (I was) toktum tok muydum?
sen (you were) toktun tok muydun?
o (he/she/it was) toktu tok muydu?
biz (we were) toktuk tok muyduk?
siz (you were) toktunuz tok muydunuz?
onlar (they were) toktular tok muydular?
indirect past
positive declarative positive interrogative
ben (I was) tokmuşum tok muymuşum?
sen (you were) tokmuşsun tok muymuşsun?
o (he/she/it was) tokmuş tok muymuş?
biz (we were) tokmuşuz tok muymuşuz?
siz (you were) tokmuşsunuz tok muymuşsunuz?
onlar (they were) tokmuşlar tok muymuşlar?
conditional
positive declarative positive interrogative
ben (if I) toksam tok muysam?
sen (if you) toksan tok muysan?
o (if he/she/it) toksa tok muysa?
biz (if we) toksak tok muysak?
siz (if you) toksanız tok muysanız?
onlar (if they) toksalar tok muysalar?

For negative forms, use the appropriate form of değil.

Derived terms

  • gözü tok
  • karnı tok
  • tok açın hâlinden bilmez
  • tok karnına
  • tok tutmak
  • tokgözlü
  • tokluk

References

  1. ^ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “طوق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1258
  2. ^ Kélékian, Diran (1911) “طوق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 819
  3. ^ Şemseddin Sâmi (1899–1901) “طوق”, in قاموس تركی [kamus-ı türki] (in Ottoman Turkish), Constantinople: İkdam Matbaası, page 901
  4. ^ Clauson, Gerard (1972) “1 tok”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 464
  5. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*dod-”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
  6. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tok”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Further reading

Vilamovian

Etymology

From Middle High German tocke, from Old High German toccha (doll), from Proto-Germanic *dokko (something round), related to *dukkǭ (muscle, strength), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeu-k- (to spin, shake); cognate with German Docke (corn dolly).

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Noun

tok f (plural toka, diminutive takla)

  1. doll

References