例
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
Han character
例 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人一弓弓 (OMNN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰亻列)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 101, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 587
- Dae Jaweon: page 215, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 146, character 8
- Unihan data for U+4F8B
Chinese
| trad. | 例 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 例 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 例 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
s05879 |
|
References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Characters in the same phonetic series (列) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *reds): semantic 亻 + phonetic 列 (OC *red).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): li5
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): li3
- Northern Min (KCR): lī
- Eastern Min (BUC): liê
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): le5
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6li
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): li4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: lì
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: lì
- Wade–Giles: li4
- Yale: lì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lih
- Palladius: ли (li)
- Sinological IPA (key): /li⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ni4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: li
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: lai6
- Yale: laih
- Cantonese Pinyin: lai6
- Guangdong Romanization: lei6
- Sinological IPA (key): /lɐi̯²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lai5
- Sinological IPA (key): /lai³²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: li
- Hakka Romanization System: li
- Hagfa Pinyim: li4
- Sinological IPA: /li⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: li4
- Sinological IPA: /li⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lī
- Sinological IPA (key): /li⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: le5
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: lā̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /le¹¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: le5
- Sinological IPA (key): /le²¹/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Kinmen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lē
- Tâi-lô: lē
- Phofsit Daibuun: le
- IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /le²²/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /le⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /le³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lī
- Tâi-lô: lī
- Phofsit Daibuun: li
- IPA (Zhangpu): /li³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /li²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: li7
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lī
- Sinological IPA (key): /li¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Kinmen)
- Wu
- Xiang
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: ljejH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*reds/
Definitions
例
- example; instance
- case; instance
- precedent
- rule; regulation
- regular
- (literary) to compare; to contrast
Synonyms
- (example):
- (precedent):
- (rule):
- 則度 / 则度 (zédù) (literary)
- 守則 / 守则 (shǒuzé)
- 方案 (fāng'àn)
- 條例 / 条例 (tiáolì)
- 條規 / 条规 (tiáoguī)
- 法度 (fǎdù)
- 程度 (chéngdù) (archaic)
- 紀綱 / 纪纲 (jìgāng) (literary)
- 綱目 / 纲目 (gāngmù) (Classical Chinese)
- 繩墨 / 绳墨 (shéngmò) (figurative)
- 規 / 规 (literary, or in compounds)
- 規則 / 规则 (guīzé)
- 規定 / 规定 (guīdìng)
- 規條 / 规条 (guītiáo)
- 規準 / 规准 (guīzhǔn) (literary)
- 規矩 / 规矩 (guījǔ)
- (to compare):
Compounds
- 一例 (yīlì)
- 下不為例 / 下不为例 (xiàbùwéilì)
- 不成比例 (bùchéngbǐlì)
- 事例 (shìlì)
- 例假 (lìjià)
- 例假日
- 例句 (lìjù)
- 例外 (lìwài)
- 例如 (lìrú)
- 例子 (lìzi)
- 例年
- 例會 / 例会 (lìhuì)
- 例監 / 例监
- 例行 (lìxíng)
- 例行公事 (lìxínggōngshì)
- 例規 / 例规
- 例言 (lìyán)
- 例證 / 例证 (lìzhèng)
- 例貢 / 例贡
- 例題 / 例题 (lìtí)
- 俗例 (súlì)
- 先例 (xiānlì)
- 公例 (gōnglì)
- 凡例 (fánlì)
- 分例
- 刊例
- 判例 (pànlì)
- 則例 / 则例
- 前例 (qiánlì)
- 反比例 (fǎnbǐlì)
- 古例
- 史無前例 / 史无前例 (shǐwúqiánlì)
- 向例
- 品例
- 國際慣例 / 国际惯例
- 圖例 / 图例 (túlì)
- 契文舉例 / 契文举例
- 姓名條例 / 姓名条例
- 定例 (dìnglì)
- 家例
- 實例 / 实例 (shílì)
- 常例 (chánglì)
- 常例錢 / 常例钱
- 年例
- 往例
- 後不為例 / 后不为例
- 律例 (lǜlì)
- 循例 (xúnlì)
- 恆例 / 恒例 (hénglì)
- 惡例 / 恶例
- 慣例 / 惯例 (guànlì)
- 成例 (chénglì)
- 戰例 / 战例 (zhànlì)
- 打破慣例 / 打破惯例
- 按例 (ànlì)
- 按分比例
- 援例 (yuánlì)
- 攀例
- 文例
- 易例
- 有例可援
- 案例 (ànlì)
- 格於成例 / 格于成例
- 條例 / 条例 (tiáolì)
- 正比例 (zhèngbǐlì)
- 比例 (bǐlì)
- 比例尺 (bǐlìchǐ)
- 沿例
- 法例 (fǎlì)
- 照例 (zhàolì)
- 照例話 / 照例话
- 特例 (tèlì)
- 病例 (bìnglì)
- 發凡舉例 / 发凡举例
- 破例 (pòlì)
- 示例 (shìlì)
- 禁例 (jìnlì)
- 範例 / 范例 (fànlì)
- 罰例 / 罚例
- 義例 / 义例
- 老例 (lǎolì)
- 舉例 / 举例 (jǔlì)
- 舉例發凡 / 举例发凡
- 舊例 / 旧例 (jiùlì)
- 諸如此例 / 诸如此例
- 譜例 / 谱例
- 變例 / 变例 (biànlì)
- 通例 (tōnglì)
- 違例 / 违例 (wéilì)
- 配分比例
- 釋例 / 释例 (shìlì)
- 金石例
- 開例 / 开例
- 開先例 / 开先例
- 體例 / 体例 (tǐlì)
References
- “例”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “例”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 352.
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “例”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 136.
Japanese
Kanji
例
Readings
- Go-on: れ (re)
- Kan-on: れい (rei, Jōyō)
- On: れつ (retsu)
- Kun: たとえる (tatoeru, 例える, Jōyō)、たぐい (tagui, 例)、ためし (tameshi, 例)
Compounds
Derived terms
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 例 |
| れい Grade: 4 |
| kan'on |
Pronunciation
Noun
例 • (rei)
- a custom, usual practice, habit
- Synonym: 慣例 (kanrei)
- 例によって
- rei ni yotte
- as usual
- 例に無く
- rei ni naku
- contrary to habit
- メールで連絡するのが例となっている。
- Mēru de renraku suru no ga rei to natteiru.
- It has become customary practice to correspond by email.
- a precedent
- 例のない出来事
- rei no nai dekigoto
- an unprecedented incident
- 例のない出来事
- the aforementioned
- 例の男
- rei no otoko
- that man (who we were speaking about)
- 例の男
- a case, an instance, an illustration, an example
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 例 |
| ためし Grade: 4 |
| kun'yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 例し 様 |
Pronunciation
Noun
例 • (tameshi)
Usage notes
The most common reading is れい (rei).
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Etymology
From Middle Chinese 例 (MC ljejH). Recorded as Middle Korean 례〯 (lyěy) (Yale: lyěy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Pronunciation
- (initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [je̞(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [예(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
- (non-initial position)
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾje̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [례]
Hanja
例 (eumhun 법식(法式) 례, word-initial (South Korea) 법식(法式) 예)
Compounds
- 관례 (慣例, gwallye)
- 범례 (凡例, beomnye)
- 범례 (範例, beomnye)
- 비례 (比例, birye)
- 사례 (事例, sarye)
- 선례 (先例, seollye)
- 실례 (實例, sillye)
- 연례 (年例, yeollye)
- 예규 (例規, yegyu)
- 예년 (例年, yenyeon)
- 예문 (例文, yemun)
- 예시 (例示, yesi)
- 예외 (例外, ye'oe)
- 예제 (例題, yeje)
- 예화 (例話, yehwa)
- 용례 (用例, yongnye)
- 유례 (類例, yurye)
- 이례 (異例, irye)
- 일례 (一例, illye)
- 전례 (前例, jeollye)
- 조례 (條例, jorye)
- 차례 (次例, charye)
- 특례 (特例, teungnye)
- 판례 (判例, pallye)
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
Han character
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