具體

See also: 具体

Chinese

		tool; device; utensil tool; device; utensil; equipment; instrument	body; form; style body; form; style; system
trad. (具體)		具	體
simp. (具体)		具	体

Etymology

Attestable in ancient Chinese texts. Used in Mencius's writings with a meaning close to the literal sense, the entirety is arranged, in order. Reborrowed from Japanese 具(ぐ)体(たい) (gutai), which was repurposed in the 1881 work 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) by Inoue Tetsujirō as a translation of the English term concrete, as opposed to abstract.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jùtǐ

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˋ ㄊㄧˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): geoi⁶ tai²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khi-thí

(Hailu, HRS): ki^˖ ti^ˊ
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kū-thé / kī-thé / khū-thé

(Teochew, Peng'im): gu⁶ ti²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jùtǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˋ ㄊㄧˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jyùtǐ
  - Wade–Giles: chü⁴-tʻi³
  - Yale: jyù-tǐ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuhtii
  - Palladius: цзюйти (czjujti)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy⁵¹ tʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: geoi⁶ tai²
  - Yale: geuih tái
  - Cantonese Pinyin: goey⁶ tai²
  - Guangdong Romanization: gêu⁶ tei²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɵy̯²² tʰɐi̯³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khi-thí
  - Hakka Romanization System: ki ti^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ki⁴ ti³
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi⁵⁵ tʰi³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ki^˖ ti^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi³³ tʰi²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kū-thé
  - Tâi-lô: kū-thé
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kuxtea
  - IPA (Taipei): /ku³³⁻¹¹ tʰe⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ku⁴¹⁻²² tʰe⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ku³³⁻²¹ tʰe⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ku²²⁻²¹ tʰe⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kī-thé
  - Tâi-lô: kī-thé
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kixtea
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki²²⁻²¹ tʰe⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khū-thé
  - Tâi-lô: khū-thé
  - Phofsit Daibuun: quxtea
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰu³³⁻²¹ tʰe⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰu³³⁻¹¹ tʰe⁵³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gu⁶ ti²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kŭ thí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰi⁵²/

Adjective

具體

specific; particular; concrete; exact
具體位置／具体位置 ― jùtǐ wèizhì ― exact location

他講得很具體。／他讲得很具体。 ― Tā jiǎng de hěn jùtǐ. ― He spoke very specifically.

大家都是從事哪些具體工作的？ [MSC, trad.]
大家都是从事哪些具体工作的？ [MSC, simp.]
Dàjiā dōu shì cóngshì nǎxiē jùtǐ gōngzuò de? [Pinyin]
Specifically what kind of work is everybody doing?

接下來我把具體的內容發給大家。 [MSC, trad.]
接下来我把具体的内容发给大家。 [MSC, simp.]
Jiēxiàlái wǒ bǎ jùtǐ de nèiróng fā gěi dàjiā. [Pinyin]
Next, I will send you the specific content.

我查了資料，但是都是零零碎碎的，還沒有形成什麼具體的體系。 [MSC, trad.]
我查了资料，但是都是零零碎碎的，还没有形成什么具体的体系。 [MSC, simp.]
Wǒ chá le zīliào, dànshì dōu shì líng líng suì suì de, hái méiyǒu xíngchéng shénme jùtǐ de tǐxì. [Pinyin]
I checked the materials, but they're all in bits and pieces — a concrete system has not been formed yet.

Antonyms

抽象 (chōuxiàng)
空洞 (kōngdòng)

Derived terms

具體勞動 / 具体劳动 (jùtǐ láodòng)
具體名詞 / 具体名词 (jùtǐ míngcí)
具體而微 / 具体而微

Japanese

Kanji in this term
具	體
ぐ Grade: 3	たい Hyōgai
goon

For pronunciation and definitions of 具體 – see the following entry.

【具体ぐたい】

[noun] something concrete, tangible

(This term, 具體, is the kyūjitai of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja in this term
具	體

Noun

具體 • (guche) (hangeul 구체)

hanja form^? of 구체

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
具	體

Adjective

具體

chữ Hán form of cụ thể (“specific; concrete; detailed”)