耆

耆	U+8006, 耆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8006

← 者
[U+8005]

CJK Unified Ideographs

耇 →
[U+8007]

Translingual

Han character

耆 (Kangxi radical 125, 老+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十心日 (JPA), four-corner 4460₁, composition ⿱老日)

Derived characters

嗜, 愭, 搘, 榰, 蓍, 螧, 鬐, 鰭/鳍, 䅲, 𡺸, 𣉟, 𣯆, 𣹡, 𥉙, 𦓂, 𦔌, 𦞯, 𧡺, 𧪡/𬤓, 𨢍, 𨪌, 𨲤, 𩝙, 𩥂/𩥞, 𪄖, 𫂓, 𫎟, 𭏎

Usage notes

This character has two indices in kRSUnicode: <老+4> and <日+6>. The latter index is probably for Japanese.

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 961, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28849
Dae Jaweon: page 1409, character 15
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2780, character 4
Unihan data for U+8006

Chinese

trad.		耆
simp. ^#		耆

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 耆
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (旨) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
稽	kiː, kʰiːʔ
詣	*ŋɡiːs
栺	ŋɡiːs, kji
榰	*klje
脂	*kji
鴲	kji, kjis
指	*kjiʔ
旨	*kjiʔ
恉	*kjiʔ
嗜	*ɡjis
蓍	*qʰlji
鰭	*ɡri
耆	*ɡri
鮨	*ɡri
鬐	*ɡri

Etymology

Related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-gryas (“old”), whence Burmese ကြီး (kri:, “great, big, old”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qí (qi²)

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): kei⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khì

(Hailu, HRS): ki
Eastern Min (BUC): gì
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gi²
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kî

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qí
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cí
  - Wade–Giles: chʻi²
  - Yale: chí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyi
  - Palladius: ци (ci)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: kei⁴
  - Yale: kèih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: kei⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: kéi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰei̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khì
  - Hakka Romanization System: ki^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ki²
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: ki
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰi⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: gì
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gi²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gi²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ki²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kî
  - Tâi-lô: kî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kii
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ki²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ki²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ki¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ki²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ki²³/

Middle Chinese: gjij

Rime
Character	耆
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	群 (30)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	渠脂切
Baxter	gjij
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɡiɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɡi/
Shao Rongfen	/ɡjɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/gi/
Li Rong	/ɡi/
Wang Li	/ɡi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/gi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	kei⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ]rij/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɡri/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	耆
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qí
Middle Chinese	‹ gij ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɡ]rij/
English	old
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	耆
Reading #	1/1
No.	17332
Phonetic component	旨
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	鬐
Old Chinese	/*ɡri/

Definitions

耆

man of sixty
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) aged; old; senior
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) tyrannical
(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to detest; to abhor

Compounds

伊耆氏
紳耆 / 绅耆
老耆
耆儒
耆儒碩德 / 耆儒硕德
耆儒碩望 / 耆儒硕望
耆儒碩老 / 耆儒硕老
耆宿
耆年
耆年碩德 / 耆年硕德
耆德
耆碩 / 耆硕
耆童
耆老 (qílǎo)
耆耇
耆臘 / 耆腊
耆舊 / 耆旧
耆艾
耆英 (qíyīng)
耆那 (Qínà)
薄耆
黃花黃耆 / 黄花黄耆

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhǐ (zhi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄓˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄓˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhǐh
  - Wade–Giles: chih³
  - Yale: jř
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyy
  - Palladius: чжи (čži)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/

Definitions

耆

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to cause; to result in
- 嗣武受之、勝殷遏劉、耆定爾功。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  嗣武受之、胜殷遏刘、耆定尔功。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Sì Wǔ shòu zhī, shèng yīn è liú, zhǐ dìng ěr gōng. [Pinyin]
  Thou did'st receive the inheritance from him;
  Thou did'st vanquish Yin, and put a stop to its cruelties; -
  Effecting the firm establishment of thy merit.

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shì (shi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shì
  - Zhuyin: ㄕˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shìh
  - Wade–Giles: shih⁴
  - Yale: shr̀
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyh
  - Palladius: ши (ši)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Definitions

耆

(obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 嗜 (shì, “to be fond of”).
- 鴟鴉耆鼠。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  鸱鸦耆鼠。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Chī yā shì shǔ. [Pinyin]
  Owls and crows delight in mice.

References

“耆”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

耆

(Hyōgai kanji)

senility

Readings

Go-on: ぎ (gi)、し (shi)、じ (ji)
Kan-on: き (ki)、し (shi)
Kun: おいる (oiru, 耆いる)

Korean

Hanja

耆 • (gi, chi) (hangeul 기, 치, revised gi, chi, McCune–Reischauer ki, ch'i, Yale ki, chi)

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