輿

See also: 舆

輿	U+8F3F, 輿 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8F3F

← 輾
[U+8F3E]

CJK Unified Ideographs

轀 →
[U+8F40]

Translingual

Han character

輿 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+10, 17 strokes, cangjie input 竹難十金 (HXJC), four-corner 7780₁, composition ⿳⿴𦥑車一八)

Descendants

𤫌, 𢹏, 𣟰, 𥷔, 𬀣, 𨏮

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1247, character 17
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38468
Dae Jaweon: page 1724, character 26
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3549, character 9
Unihan data for U+8F3F

Chinese

trad.		輿
simp.		舆
2nd round simp.		⿰讠与
nonstandard simp.		𬛼
alternative forms		轝／𬛼

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (舁) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
攑	*kʰlan
藇	sla, ljaʔ, la, laʔ, *las
嶼	*ljaʔ
鱮	*ljaʔ
舉	*klaʔ
櫸	*klaʔ
舁	*la
與	la, laʔ, *las
輿	la, las
旟	*la
璵	*la
歟	la, laʔ, *las
譽	la, las
嬩	*la
擧	*la
鸒	la, las
礜	*las
穥	*las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *la, *las): phonetic 舁 (OC *la) + semantic 車 (“carriage”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yú (yu²)

(Zhuyin): ㄩˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̀
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): y²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): û / îr / î

(Teochew, Peng'im): e⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yú
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yú
  - Wade–Giles: yü²
  - Yale: yú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
  - Palladius: юй (juj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: jyu⁴
  - Yale: yùh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: y²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ṳ́
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y¹³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: y²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: û
  - Tâi-lô: û
  - Phofsit Daibuun: uu
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /u²³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /u²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: îr
  - Tâi-lô: îr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: î
  - Tâi-lô: î
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ii
  - IPA (Taipei): /i²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /i²³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /i¹³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: e⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ṳ̂
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɯ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: yo, yoH

Rime
Character	輿	輿
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	以諸切	羊洳切
Baxter	yo	yoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨʌ/	/jɨʌ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɔ/	/jiɔ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/iɔ/	/iɔ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨə̆/	/jɨə̆^H/
Li Rong	/iɔ/	/iɔ^H/
Wang Li	/jĭo/	/jĭo^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/i̯wo/	/i̯wo^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu⁴	jyu⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-q(r)a/

(Zhengzhang): /*la/, /*las/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	輿
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yú
Middle Chinese	‹ yo ›
Old Chinese	/*m-q(r)a/
English	vehicle, carriage; carry on shoulders
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	輿	輿
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	15892	15905
Phonetic component	舁	舁
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	余	豫
Old Chinese	/*la/	/*las/

Definitions

輿

cart; carriage
(figurative) earth; land; territory
sedan chair; palanquin
to carry; to lift
public; popular; mass
輿論／舆论 ― yúlùn ― public opinion
- 惠公入而背外內之賂。輿人誦之曰：「佞之見佞，果喪其田。詐之見詐，果喪其賂。」 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  惠公入而背外内之赂。舆人诵之曰：「佞之见佞，果丧其田。诈之见诈，果丧其赂。」 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: Guoyu, circa 4^th century BCE
  Huìgōng rù ér bèi wài nèi zhī lù. Yúrén sòng zhī yuē: “Nìng zhī jiàn nìng, guǒ sàng qí tián. Zhà zhī jiàn zhà, guǒ sàng qí lù.” [Pinyin]
  Duke Hui, having entered Jin (as the Duke), reneges on his promises to pay his foreign and domestic supporters. The people thus chant with these words: "The crafty are duped by craft; nowhere are their fiefs of graft. The liar falls to brazen lies; his due payments vaporize."
a surname

Compounds

乘輿 / 乘舆
乘輿播越 / 乘舆播越
乘輿播遷 / 乘舆播迁
地輿 / 地舆
坤輿 / 坤舆
堪輿 / 堪舆 (kānyú)
堪輿家 / 堪舆家
堪輿術 / 堪舆术
子輿 / 子舆
安輿 / 安舆
尻輿神馬 / 尻舆神马
廝輿 / 厮舆
扶輿 / 扶舆
接輿 / 接舆
接輿歌鳳 / 接舆歌凤
方輿 / 方舆 (fāngyú)
服輿 / 服舆
板輿 / 板舆
梓匠輪輿 / 梓匠轮舆
權輿 / 权舆 (quányú)
步輿 / 步舆
版輿 / 版舆
皇輿 / 皇舆
眠輿 / 眠舆
竹輿 / 竹舆
筍輿 / 笋舆
箯輿 / 箯舆 (biānyú)
籃輿 / 篮舆
肩輿 / 肩舆
腰輿 / 腰舆
襻輿 / 襻舆
車輿 / 车舆
輪輿 / 轮舆
輿人 / 舆人
輿圖 / 舆图 (yútú)
輿地 / 舆地
輿地廣記 / 舆地广记
輿地志 / 舆地志
輿尸
輿從 / 舆从
輿志 / 舆志
輿情 / 舆情 (yúqíng)
輿服 / 舆服
輿櫬 / 舆榇
輿臺 / 舆台
輿薪 / 舆薪
輿誦 / 舆诵
輿論 / 舆论 (yúlùn)
輿論政治 / 舆论政治
輿論界 / 舆论界 (yúlùnjiè)
輿謣 / 舆𰶀
輿車 / 舆车
輿馬 / 舆马
連輿 / 连舆
鑾輿 / 銮舆 (luányú)
面縛輿櫬 / 面缚舆榇
鸞輿 / 鸾舆 (luányú)

Japanese

Kanji

輿

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

palanquin, litter

Readings

On (unclassified): よ (yo)
Kun: こし (koshi, 輿)

Compounds

輿丁(よてい) (yotei)
鸞輿(らんよ) (ran'yo)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
輿
こし Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

First cited to The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter in the late-800s, early 900s.^[1] Further derivation uncertain. May be the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 越す (kosu, “to move something from one place to another”).

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こし [kóꜜshì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ɕi]

Noun

輿(こし) • (koshi)

palanquin, litter

Derived terms

神輿(みこし) (mikoshi)

References

^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

輿 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ, Yale ye)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

輿: Hán Nôm readings: dư

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[KDJ-1] Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[SMK7-3] Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]