閤

See also: 閣, 阁, 合, and 𬮤

閤	U+95A4, 閤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95A4

← 閣
[U+95A3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

閥 →
[U+95A5]

Translingual

Han character

閤 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 日弓人一口 (ANOMR), four-corner 7760₁, composition ⿵門合)

Derived characters

𮆤, 𨶼

Related characters

閣 (Orthodox traditional form of 閤 for the pronunciation gé in mainland China)
阁 (Simplified form for the pronunciation gé in mainland China)
合 (Simplified form for the pronunciation hé in mainland China)
𬮤 (Nonstandard form in simplified Chinese)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1334, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41301
Dae Jaweon: page 1840, character 19
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4297, character 7
Unihan data for U+95A4

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 閤
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (合) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
龕	*kʰuːm
媕	quːm, qromʔ, qɯːm, qramʔ, *qɯːb
頜	ɡuːmʔ, kuːb
答	*tkuːb
畣	*tkuːb
荅	*tkuːb
嗒	tuːb, tʰoːb
褡	tuːb, toːb
撘	*tuːb
搭	tuːb, tʰoːb
榙	tkuːb, ɡuːb
佮	tkʰuːb, kuːb, quːb, quːb
蛤	*kuːb
鴿	*kuːb
合	kuːb, ɡuːb
郃	kuːb, ɡuːb
匌	kuːb, kʰuːb
鉿	*kuːb
閤	*kuːb
鞈	kuːb, kruːb
韐	kuːb, kruːb
鮯	*kuːb
哈	*ŋɡuːb
姶	quːb, quːb
欱	qʰuːb, qʰruːb
盒	*ɡuːb
耠	*ɡuːb
詥	*ɡuːb
塔	*tʰuːb
鞳	*tʰoːb
劄	*rtuːb
跲	kruːb, kob, *ɡob
袷	kruːb, ŋkob
餄	*kruːb
恰	*kʰruːb
帢	*kʰruːb
洽	*ɡruːb
祫	*ɡruːb
珨	*ɡruːb
烚	*ɡruːb
歙	qʰjob, qʰrub
湁	*tkʰub
拾	*ɡjub
給	*krub
翕	*qʰrub
噏	*qʰrub
潝	*qʰrub
熻	*qʰrub
嬆	*qʰrub
翖	*qʰrub
闟	*qʰrub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kuːb): semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).

Etymology 1

trad.		閤
simp.		阁^*
nonstandard simp.		𬮤

Compare 蓋 (OC *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb, “to cover”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gé (ge²)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄜˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gap³ / gok³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kap

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gé
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gé
  - Wade–Giles: ko²
  - Yale: gé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ger
  - Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gap³ / gok³
  - Yale: gap / gok
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gap⁸ / gok⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: geb³ / gog³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐp̚³/, /kɔːk̚³/

Note:

gap3 - side door, surname;
gok3 - alt.form of 閣.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kap
  - Tâi-lô: kap
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kab
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kap̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kap̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kap̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kap̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kap̚³²/

Middle Chinese: kop

Rime
Character	閤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	合 (160)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古沓切
Baxter	kop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʌp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kəp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kɒp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəp̚/
Li Rong	/kᴀp̚/
Wang Li	/kɒp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kăp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ge
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gap³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ[o]p/

(Zhengzhang): /*kuːb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	閤
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gé
Middle Chinese	‹ kop ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁ[o]p/
English	small gate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閤
Reading #	1/1
No.	4960
Phonetic component	合
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kuːb/

Definitions

閤

(literary) side door
throne room
(alt. form 閣) chamber; pavilion
(alt. form 閣) female quarters
a surname

Compounds

閤下 / 合下
閤中 / 合中
閤兒 / 合儿
閤分 / 合分
閤子 / 合子
閤門 / 合门

Usage notes

This character is considered a variant form of 閣 / 阁 (gé) in mainland China which is succeeded by 阁 as its simplified form.

Etymology 2

trad.		閤
simp.		合^*

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hé (he²)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): hap⁶

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: hé
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: hé
  - Wade–Giles: ho²
  - Yale: hé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
  - Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: hap⁶
  - Yale: hahp
  - Cantonese Pinyin: hap⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: heb⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐp̚²/

Definitions

閤

(alt. form 合, 闔) to close; to shut
把眼睛閤上。／把眼睛合上。 ― Bǎ yǎnjīng hé shàng. ― to shut one's eyes
(alt. form 闔) all of; whole of; entire
Synonym: 全 (quán)

Compounds

閤家 / 合家 (héjiā)
閤府 / 合府
閤眼 / 合眼

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04386
“閤”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

閤

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

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Readings

Go-on: こう (kō)^{←こふ (kofu, historical)}
Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}
Kun: くぐりど (kugurido, 閤)

Korean

Hanja

閤 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)

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Vietnamese

Han character

閤: Hán Nôm readings: các

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References

Nom Foundation