calcar

From the Italian calcara (“lime-kiln”).

calcar (plural calcars)

1. A small oven or furnace, used for the calcination of sand and potash, and converting them into frit.

• calcarious
• calcary

From the Latin calcar (“spur”).

calcar (plural calcars or calcaria)

1. (botany, anatomy) A spur-like projection.
   • 1913, David Sharp, Fauna Hawaiiensis: Being the Land-fauna of the Hawaiian Islands, page 23:

     ... a calcar, the apical spine of the inner series must in many of the species be also considered as such, since the appearance of both, and their position as regards the calcaria, are precisely similar. This apical spine of the inner […]

   • 1923, Alexander Dyer MacGillivray, External Insect-anatomy: A Guide to the Study of Insect Anatomy and an Introduction to Systematic Entomology, page 245:

     ... The calcaria are frequently specified in the taxonomy of insects and are [...] a calcar is known as a strigilis. [...] A calcar and sometimes some of the adjacent setae are used for closing the […]

   • 2023 November 21, Danilo Russo, Brock Fenton, A Natural History of Bat Foraging: Evolution, Physiology, Ecology, Behavior, and Conservation, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 19:

     ... calcars. When the tail is long (equal to or longer than the length of the hind legs) and calcars are present [...] calcar is absent in all known specimens […]

• calcarate

• calcariferous
• calcariform
• calcarine

From Latin calcāre.

calcar (first-person singular indicative present calco, past participle calcáu)

1. to press, push
2. to hit, strike

From Latin calcāre (“to press”).

• IPA^(key): /kalˈkaɾ/

calcar (first-person singular present calco, first-person singular preterite calquei, past participle calcado)

1. to press
2. to trample

• calco
• socalcar
• socalco

• calcañar
• couce

• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “calc”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “calcar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• “calcar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2025
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “calcar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “calcar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Possibly from an extension of the Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel- (“heel”). Cognate of calx, calcō.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkaɫ.kar]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈkal.kar]

calcar n (genitive calcāris); third declension

1. spur (equestrian, or of a cock)
2. (figuratively) incitement, stimulus

Third-declension noun (neuter, pure i-stem).

• → English: calcar
• → Italian: calcare

• “calcar”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “calcar”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• calcar in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to put spurs to a horse: calcaribus equum concitare
    
• “calcar”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “calcar”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
• New Latin Grammar, Allen and Greenough, 1903.

From Latin calcāre.

• Hyphenation: cal‧car

calcar (first-person singular present calco, first-person singular preterite calquei, past participle calcado)

1. to trample, to crush
2. to press (grapes, etc.)
3. (figuratively) to humiliate, to subjugate
4. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) (transitive) to base a work on (a previous one)
5. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) (transitive) to copy a work

• Do not confuse with calçar.

calcar m (plural calcares)

1. (botany) spur
2. (zoology) in arthropods, a mobile process similar to a spike
3. (zoology) in certain insects, the strongest spur located in the tibia

Borrowed from French calcaire, from Latin calcarius.

• IPA^(key): /kalˈkar/, /ˈkal.kar/

calcar n (plural calcare)

1. limestone

   Synonym: piatră-de-var

• calcaros

• IPA^(key): /kalˈkaɾ/ [kalˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: cal‧car

Inherited from Latin calcāre.

calcar (first-person singular present calco, first-person singular preterite calqué, past participle calcado)

1. to trace, copy (copy by means of carbon paper or tracing paper)
2. to trample

calcar m (plural calcares)

1. (anatomy, botany) calcar (a spur-like projection)

• “calcar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 10 December 2024