東周

Chinese

		east	Zhou
trad. (東周)		東	周
simp. (东周)		东	周

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Dōngzhōu

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥㄓㄡ
Cantonese (Jyutping): dung¹ zau¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Tûng-Chû

(Hailu, HRS): dung^ˋ zhiu^ˋ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): dorng¹ ziu¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Tong-chiu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Dōngzhōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄥㄓㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Dongjhou
  - Wade–Giles: Tung¹-chou¹
  - Yale: Dūng-jōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Dongjou
  - Palladius: Дунчжоу (Dunčžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: dung¹ zau¹
  - Yale: dūng jāu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dung¹ dzau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: dung¹ zeo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Tûng-Chû
  - Hakka Romanization System: dung^ˊ zu^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: dung¹ zu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: dung^ˋ zhiu^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /tuŋ⁵³ t͡ʃiu⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dorng¹ ziu¹ [Phonetic: dorng⁵ ziu¹]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: do̤ng-ciu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: dorng¹ ziu¹ [Phonetic: dorng⁵ ziu¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɒŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tong-chiu
  - Tâi-lô: Tong-tsiu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: dongciw
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔŋ³³ t͡siu³³/

Middle Chinese: tuwng tsyuw

Rime
Character	東	周
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	德紅切	職流切
Baxter	tuwng	tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tuŋ/	/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/tuŋ/	/t͡ɕiu/
Shao Rongfen	/tuŋ/	/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/təwŋ/	/cuw/
Li Rong	/tuŋ/	/t͡ɕiu/
Wang Li	/tuŋ/	/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tuŋ/	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dōng	zhōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dung¹	zau¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤoŋ tiw/

(Zhengzhang): /*toːŋ tjɯw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	東	周
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dōng	zhōu
Middle Chinese	‹ tuwng ›	‹ tsyuw ›
Old Chinese	/tˁoŋ/ (< tˁoŋʔ ?)	/*tiw/
English	east	Zhōu (dynasty and place)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	東	周
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	2435	17531
Phonetic component	東	周
Rime group	東	幽
Rime subdivision	0	2
Corresponding MC rime	東	周
Old Chinese	/*toːŋ/	/*tjɯw/
Notes	種（種籽）初文，甲金文象種皮甲坼萌生根芽，參敕字陳字注	甲金文象田間稼密，爲稠初文

Proper noun

東周

(historical) the Eastern Zhou dynasty
(～國) (historical) Eastern Zhou (an ancient Chinese duchy under the Zhou dynasty)

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代)	2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代)	1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代)	1046 – 256 BCE	Western Zhou 西周
		Eastern Zhou 東周 / 东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
		Eastern Zhou 東周 / 东周	Warring States period 戰國 / 战国
Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代)	221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢 / 汉 (～朝, ～代)	206 BCE – 220 C.E.	Western Han 西漢 / 西汉
		Xin 新 (～朝)
		Eastern Han 東漢 / 东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國 / 三国	220 – 280 C.E.	Wei 魏
		Shu Han 蜀漢 / 蜀汉
		Wu 吳 / 吴
Jin 晉 / 晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 C.E.	Western Jin 西晉 / 西晋
Jin 晉 / 晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 C.E.	Eastern Jin 東晉 / 东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589 C.E.	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
			Western Wei 西魏
			Eastern Wei 東魏 / 东魏
			Northern Zhou 北周
			Northern Qi 北齊 / 北齐
		Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋 / 刘宋
			Southern Qi 南齊 / 南齐
			Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代)
			Chen 陳 / 陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代)	581 – 618 C.E.
Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代)	618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國 / 五代十国	907 – 960 C.E.
Liao 遼 / 辽 (～朝, ～代)	907 – 1125 C.E.
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 C.E.	Northern Song 北宋
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 C.E.	Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin 金 (～朝, ～代)	1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao 西遼 / 西辽	1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代)	1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming 明 (～朝, ～代)	1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing 清 (～朝, ～代)	1636 – 1912 C.E.

Chinese

Pronunciation

Proper noun

See also