西周

Chinese

		west	Zhou
trad. (西周)		西	周
simp. ^#(西周)		西	周

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): Xīzhōu

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄓㄡ
Cantonese (Jyutping): sai¹ zau¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): Sî-Chû

(Hailu, HRS): si^ˋ zhiu^ˋ
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): se¹ ziu¹
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): Se-chiu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: Xīzhōu
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄓㄡ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: Sijhou
  - Wade–Giles: Hsi¹-chou¹
  - Yale: Syī-jōu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shijou
  - Palladius: Сичжоу (Sičžou)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    稀粥
    西周
    西州
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: sai¹ zau¹
  - Yale: sāi jāu
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sai¹ dzau¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: sei¹ zeo¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sî-Chû
  - Hakka Romanization System: xi^ˊ zu^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: xi¹ zu¹
  - Sinological IPA: /si²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: si^ˋ zhiu^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /si⁵³ t͡ʃiu⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: se¹ ziu¹ [Phonetic: se⁵ ziu¹]
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Sa̤-ciu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬe⁵³³⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: se¹ ziu¹ [Phonetic: se⁵ ziu¹]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬe⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵⁴⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Se-chiu
  - Tâi-lô: Se-tsiu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: seciw
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /se³³ t͡siu³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /se⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

Middle Chinese: sej tsyuw

Rime
Character	西	周
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	先稽切	職流切
Baxter	sej	tsyuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sei/	/t͡ɕɨu/
Pan Wuyun	/sei/	/t͡ɕiu/
Shao Rongfen	/sɛi/	/t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɛj/	/cuw/
Li Rong	/sei/	/t͡ɕiu/
Wang Li	/siei/	/t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/siei/	/t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xī	zhōu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sai¹	zau¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-nˤər tiw/

(Zhengzhang): /*sɯːl tjɯw/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	西	周
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xī	zhōu
Middle Chinese	‹ sej ›	‹ tsyuw ›
Old Chinese	/*s-nˁər/	/*tiw/
English	west	Zhōu (dynasty and place)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	西	周
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13236	17531
Phonetic component	西	周
Rime group	微	幽
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	西	周
Old Chinese	/*sɯːl/	/*tjɯw/
Notes		甲金文象田間稼密，爲稠初文

Proper noun

西周

(historical) the Western Zhou dynasty
(～國) (historical) Western Zhou (an ancient Chinese duchy under the Zhou dynasty)

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name	Time period	Divisions
Xia 夏 (～朝, ～代)	2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang 商 (～朝, ～代) 殷 (～朝, ～代)	1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou 周 (～朝, ～代)	1046 – 256 BCE	Western Zhou 西周
		Eastern Zhou 東周 / 东周	Spring and Autumn period 春秋
		Eastern Zhou 東周 / 东周	Warring States period 戰國 / 战国
Qin 秦 (～朝, ～代)	221 – 206 BCE
Han 漢 / 汉 (～朝, ～代)	206 BCE – 220 C.E.	Western Han 西漢 / 西汉
		Xin 新 (～朝)
		Eastern Han 東漢 / 东汉
Three Kingdoms 三國 / 三国	220 – 280 C.E.	Wei 魏
		Shu Han 蜀漢 / 蜀汉
		Wu 吳 / 吴
Jin 晉 / 晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 C.E.	Western Jin 西晉 / 西晋
Jin 晉 / 晋 (～朝, ～代)	265 – 420 C.E.	Eastern Jin 東晉 / 东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties 南北朝	420 – 589 C.E.	Northern dynasties 北朝	Northern Wei 北魏
			Western Wei 西魏
			Eastern Wei 東魏 / 东魏
			Northern Zhou 北周
			Northern Qi 北齊 / 北齐
		Southern dynasties 南朝	Liu Song 劉宋 / 刘宋
			Southern Qi 南齊 / 南齐
			Liang 梁 (～朝, ～代)
			Chen 陳 / 陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui 隋 (～朝, ～代)	581 – 618 C.E.
Tang 唐 (～朝, ～代)	618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms 五代十國 / 五代十国	907 – 960 C.E.
Liao 遼 / 辽 (～朝, ～代)	907 – 1125 C.E.
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 C.E.	Northern Song 北宋
Song 宋 (～朝, ～代)	960 – 1279 C.E.	Southern Song 南宋
Western Xia 西夏	1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin 金 (～朝, ～代)	1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao 西遼 / 西辽	1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan 元 (～朝, ～代)	1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming 明 (～朝, ～代)	1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing 清 (～朝, ～代)	1636 – 1912 C.E.

Chinese

Pronunciation

Proper noun

See also