牡丹
Chinese
| male | red; pellet; powder red; pellet; powder; cinnabar | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (牡丹) |
牡 | 丹 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): maau5 daan1 / mau5 daan1
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6meu-te; 6mau-te
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: mǔdān → mǔdan (toneless final syllable variant)
- Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˇ ㄉㄢ → ㄇㄨˇ ˙ㄉㄢ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: mǔdån
- Wade–Giles: mu3-tan5
- Yale: mǔ-dan
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muu.dan
- Palladius: мудань (mudanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵⁵/ → /mu²¹⁴ d̥än⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: mu3 dan1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: mu dan
- Sinological IPA (key): /mu⁵³ tan⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: maau5 daan1 / mau5 daan1
- Yale: máauh dāan / máuh dāan
- Cantonese Pinyin: maau5 daan1 / mau5 daan1
- Guangdong Romanization: mao5 dan1 / meo5 dan1
- Sinological IPA (key): /maːu̯¹³ taːn⁵⁵/, /mɐu̯¹³ taːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: méu-tân
- Hakka Romanization System: meuˋ danˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: meu3 dan1
- Sinological IPA: /meu̯³¹ tan²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: meuˊ danˋ
- Sinological IPA: /meu²⁴⁻³³ tan⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bó͘-tan
- Tâi-lô: bóo-tan
- Phofsit Daibuun: bofdafn
- IPA (Xiamen): /bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tan³³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴/
- IPA (Taipei): /bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bhou2 duan1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bóu tuaⁿ
- Sinological IPA (key): /bou⁵²⁻³⁵ tũã³³/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: muwX tan
Noun
牡丹
- tree peony (Paeonia sect. Moutan)
- (obsolete) marlberry
Synonyms
- 木芍藥／木芍药
Derived terms
Descendants
Others:
- → Lü: ᦙᦴᦑᦱᧃᧈ (muutaan¹)
- → Thai: โบตั๋น (boo-dtǎn) (via Hokkien)
Proper noun
牡丹
- (～區) Mudan (a district of Heze, Shandong, China)
- (～鄉) Mudan (a mountain indigenous township in Pingtung County, Taiwan)
Descendants
- → English: Mudan
- → Russian: Мудань (Mudanʹ)
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 牡 | 丹 |
| ぼ Jinmeiyō |
たん Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
From Middle Chinese 牡丹 (MC muwX tan).
Pronunciation
Noun
牡丹 or 牡丹 • (botan)
- a peony, especially the Chinese tree peony, Paeonia suffruticosa
- a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of peony petals and twigs
- (historical) boar meat
- (card games, hanafuda) The suit of peony in a hanafuda deck, representing the month of June in most regions, or November in games from the Nagoya region
Derived terms
- 牡丹色 (botan-iro)
- 牡丹鸚哥 (botan inko)
- 牡丹海老, 牡丹蝦 (botan ebi)
- 牡丹花 (botanka)
- 牡丹唐草 (botan karakusa)
- 牡丹杏 (botankyō)
- 牡丹江 (Botan-kō)
- 牡丹桜 (botan-zakura)
- 牡丹卵 (botan tamago)
- 牡丹蔓 (botanzuru)
- 牡丹亭 (Botantei)
- 牡丹灯籠 (botan-dōrō)
- 牡丹菜 (botanna)
- 牡丹鍋 (botan nabe)
- 牡丹刷毛 (botan-bake)
- 牡丹鱧 (botan hamo)
- 牡丹皮 (botanpi)
- 牡丹防風 (botan bōfū)
- 牡丹餅 (botamochi)
- 牡丹槍 (botan yari)
- 牡丹雪 (botan yuki)
- 石牡丹 (ishibotan)
- 蟹牡丹 (kani botan)
- 寒牡丹 (kanbotan)
- 狐の牡丹 (kitsune no botan)
- 杏葉牡丹 (gyōyō botan)
- 草牡丹 (kusa-botan)
- 黒牡丹 (kurobotan), 黒牡丹 (kokubotan)
- 華鬘牡丹 (keman botan)
- 近衛牡丹 (konoe botan)
- 台木牡丹 (daigi botan)
- 天竺牡丹 (Tenjiku botan)
- 野牡丹 (nobotan)
- 葉牡丹 (habotan)
- 藤牡丹 (fuji botan)
- 冬牡丹 (fuyu botan)
- 松葉牡丹 (matsuba botan)
- 類葉牡丹 (ruiyō botan)
Idioms
- 獅子に牡丹 (shishi ni botan), 牡丹に唐獅子 (botan ni karajishi, “a lion and a peony → good combination”)
- 立てば芍薬座れば牡丹歩く姿は百合の花 (tateba shakuyaku suwareba botan aruku sugata wa yuri no hana)
See also
| Hanafuda suits in Japanese · 花札のスート (hanafuda no sūto) (layout · text) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1月 (ichigatsu) | 2月 (nigatsu) | 3月 (sangatsu) | 4月 (shigatsu) | 5月 (gogatsu) | 6月 (rokugatsu) |
| 松 (matsu) | 梅 (ume) | 桜 (sakura) | 藤 (fuji) 黒豆 (kuromame) |
菖蒲 (ayame, shōbu) 杜若 (kakitsubata) |
牡丹 (botan) |
| 7月 (shichigatsu) | 8月 (hachigatsu) | 9月 (kugatsu) | 10月 (jūgatsu) | 11月 (jūichigatsu) | 12月 (jūnigatsu) |
| 萩 (hagi) 赤豆 (akamame) |
芒 (susuki) 坊主 (bōzu) |
菊 (kiku) | 紅葉 (momiji) | 柳 (yanagi) 雨 (ame) |
桐 (kiri) |
Proper noun
牡丹 • (Botan)
- a place name
- a surname
- a female given name
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 牡 | 丹 |
| ぼう Jinmeiyō |
たん Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
/botan/ → /boːtan/
Long-pronounced form, replacing the kanyōon reading bo with the kan'on reading of bō. Primarily used in haiku, for example.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
牡丹 or 牡丹 • (bōtan)
- a peony
- a 小袖 (kosode, “short-sleeved robe”) worn by maidservants of the Imperial Palace
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 牡 | 丹 |
Noun
牡丹 • (moran) (hangeul 모란)
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 牡 | 丹 |
Noun
牡丹