-da
Azerbaijani
Cyrillic | -да | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | ـدا |
Suffix
preceding vowel | |
---|---|
a / ı / o / u | e / ə / i̇ / ö / ü |
-də |
-da
- Form of -də after the vowels A / I / O / U.
Usage notes
This suffix is to be preceded by an additional n when the noun it is appended to already ends with another suffix's vowel.
- dostumun maşını → dostumun maşınında
- my friend's car → in my friend's car
Derived terms
See -də.
Basque
Suffix
-da
- alternative form of -ta
Finnish
Etymology
Variously from Proto-Finnic *-dak, *-tak.
Suffix
-da (front vowel harmony variant -dä, linguistic notation -dA)
- A suffix present in certain first infinitives, short form, the citation form of Finnish verbs.
Usage notes
When this suffix is omitted, what remains is the stem of the verb. With the verbs nähdä and tehdä, the consonant stem is left. The first consonant of the following word or enclitic is lengthened.
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [dɒ]
Suffix
-da
Usage notes
- (noun-forming suffix) Variants:
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | -da | -dák |
accusative | -dát | -dákat |
dative | -dának | -dáknak |
instrumental | -dával | -dákkal |
causal-final | -dáért | -dákért |
translative | -dává | -dákká |
terminative | -dáig | -dákig |
essive-formal | -daként | -dákként |
essive-modal | -dául | -dákul |
inessive | -dában | -dákban |
superessive | -dán | -dákon |
adessive | -dánál | -dáknál |
illative | -dába | -dákba |
sublative | -dára | -dákra |
allative | -dához | -dákhoz |
elative | -dából | -dákból |
delative | -dáról | -dákról |
ablative | -dától | -dáktól |
non-attributive possessive – singular |
-dáé | -dáké |
non-attributive possessive – plural |
-dáéi | -dákéi |
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
---|---|---|
1st person sing. | -dám | -dáim |
2nd person sing. | -dád | -dáid |
3rd person sing. | -dája | -dái |
1st person plural | -dánk | -dáink |
2nd person plural | -dátok | -dáitok |
3rd person plural | -dájuk | -dáik |
Derived terms
See also
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
Ilocano
Etymology
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ida, from Proto-Austronesian *ida.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /da/
Pronoun
-da
- Third-person plural absolutive enclitic pronoun; they; them
- Sumakdoda idiay poso. ― They fetched water from the water pump.
- Third-person plural ergative enclitic pronoun; they
- Inusarda ti lapisko. ― They used my pencil.
- Third-person plural possessive marker; their
- Napardas ti kotseda. ― Their car is fast.
Usage notes
- When the ergative agent is also a pronoun, the absolutive patient becomes ida. See also usage notes at isuda.
- Inayabanda ni Thomas. ― Thomas called them.
- Inayabanna ida. ― He called them.
See also
Person | Number | Absolutive | Ergative | Oblique | Possessive | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Disjunctive | Enclitic | Enclitic3 | bági form | kukua form | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
First | singular | siak | -ak | -ko, -k | kaniak | bagik | kukuak, kuak | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
dual | data, sita1 | -ta | kaniata, kadata | bagita | kukuata | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural inclusive | datayo, sitayo1 | -tayo, -tay | kaniatayo, kadatayo | bagitayo | kukuatayo | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural exclusive | dakami, sikami1 | -kami, -kam | -mi | kaniami, kadakami | bagimi | kukuami | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Second | singular | sika | -ka | -mo, -m | kaniam, kenka | bagim | kukuam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural | dakayo, sikayo1 | -kayo, -kay | -yo | kaniayo, kadakayo | bagiyo | kukuayo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Third | singular | isu, isuna | Ø2 | -na | kaniana, kenkuana | bagina | kukuana | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
plural | isuda | -da | kaniada, kadakuada | bagida | kukuada | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1Regional variants. 2Null morpheme: there is no absolutive enclitic for the third person singular pronoun. The disjunctives isu or isuna may also be used. 3Ergative enclitics are also used as possessive markers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fused enclitics
|
Irish
Suffix
-da
- alternative form of -ga
Kambera
Pronoun
-da
See also
nominative | genitive | accusative | dative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | first person | ku- | -nggu | -ka | -ngga | |
second person | mu- (u-) | -mu | -kau | -nggau | ||
third person | na- | -na | -ya | -nya | ||
plural | first person |
inclusive | ta- | -nda | -ta | -nda |
exclusive | ma- | -ma | -kama | -nggama | ||
second person | mi- (i-) | -mi | -kami (-kai) | -nggami (-nggai) | ||
third person | da- | -da | -ha | -nja |
Khalaj
Suffix
preceding vowel | |
---|---|
a / i / o / u | e / ə / i̇ / ö / ü |
-da | -də |
-da
- Form of -də after the vowels A / I / O / U.
Laboya
Pronoun
-da
See also
subject | subject/ possessive |
object | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st person | gu- | -gu | -ga |
2nd person | mu- | -mu | -gu | |
3rd person | na- | -na | -ni | |
plural | 1st person inclusive | da- | -da | -da |
1st person exclusive | ma- | -ma | -gama | |
2nd person | mi- | -mi | -gimi | |
3rd person | ɗa- | -ɗa | -di |
Mokilese
Suffix
-da
- Used to form verbs with a perfective sense
- loakjidi (“to fish”) + -da → loakjidihda (“to catch (a fish)”)
- rapahki (“to look for”) + -da → rapahkihda (“to find”)
- Used to form verbs with a sense of creating or making
- Used to form verbs with a sense of randomness or scatteredness
- Used to form verbs describing an upward motion
Usage notes
- When applied to words with a final vowel, this suffix causes the vowel to be lengthened.
- Mokilese has several perfective suffixes, including -da and -la. Some verbs take one specific perfective suffix, while others may take multiple suffixes, forming multiple different meanings.
Derived terms
References
- Harrison, Sheldon P., Mokilese Reference Grammar, University of Hawaii Press 1977
Murui Huitoto
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [-da]
Classifier
-da
- Classifier for long and straight objects.
- Classifier for objects that resemble a valley.
Derived terms
References
- Katarzyna Izabela Wojtylak (2017) A grammar of Murui (Bue): a Witotoan language of Northwest Amazonia.[1], Townsville: James Cook University press (PhD thesis), page 194
Old Irish
Suffix
-da
- variant form of -de
Polish
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьda.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /da/
- Rhymes: -a
- Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
Suffix
-da f
- (obsolete) forms feminine nouns meaning the action of a verb
Declension
Derived terms
See also
Further reading
- -da in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Scottish Gaelic
Suffix
-da
- alternative form of -te
- Mo leannan de mòran bhliadhnaichean, 's pòsda sinn mu dheireadh thall! ― My sweetheart of many years, we are married at long last!
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish ده (-da, “locative suffix”), from Proto-Turkic *-te (“locative suffix”). Cognate with Karakhanid دا (-dā, “locative suffix”), Old Turkic 𐱃𐰀 (t¹a /-ta/, “locative suffix”).
Suffix
-da
Usage notes
- -da is used when the noun's last vowel is a back vowel.
- It could be -de, when the noun's last vowel is a front vowel.
- It could be -ta, when the noun's final consonant is unvoiced.
- It could be -te, after a front vowel followed by an unvoiced consonant.
- It becomes -nda ~ -nde following another suffix that ends in a vowel.
- kapağı + -da → kapağında
- çemberi + -da → çemberinde
- It must be used with an apostrophe following a proper noun.
- İspanya + -da → İspanya'da
Related terms
Uneapa
Etymology
From Proto-Oceanic *-da, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ta, from Proto-Austronesian *-ta.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ⁿda/
Suffix
-da
- A first-person plural inclusive possessive suffix.
Further reading
- Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)