mi-
Bende
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mɪ̀-
Prefix
mi-
- Class 4 noun prefix.
References
- Yuko Abe (2006) A Bende Vocabulary[1], Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, page v
Chichewa
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mɪ̀-
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mi/
Prefix
mi-
- Class 4 noun prefix.
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French mi (“middle”), from Old French mi, mie (“middle”), from earlier *miei (compare lit, liet < *lieit), from Latin medius (adjective), medium (noun).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mi/
Prefix
mi-
- half, mid-
- à mi-chemin ― halfway
- à mi-voix ― in a low voice (literally, “in a half-voice”)
- mi-amer ― bittersweet
Derived terms
See also
Further reading
- “mi-”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
Japanese
Romanization
mi-
Kambera
Pronoun
mi-
- second person plural nominative proclitic
See also
nominative | genitive | accusative | dative | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | first person | ku- | -nggu | -ka | -ngga | |
second person | mu- (u-) | -mu | -kau | -nggau | ||
third person | na- | -na | -ya | -nya | ||
plural | first person |
inclusive | ta- | -nda | -ta | -nda |
exclusive | ma- | -ma | -kama | -nggama | ||
second person | mi- (i-) | -mi | -kami (-kai) | -nggami (-nggai) | ||
third person | da- | -da | -ha | -nja |
Kongo
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *mɪ̀-.
Prefix
mi- (singular n'-, singular mu-)
- class 4 noun prefix
- class 4 subject concord
Lakota
Prefix
mi-
- my; first person singular possessive marker, used with some kinship terms and some words for body parts
Synonyms
- see mitȟá-
Phuthi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́-mɪ̀-.
Prefix
mi-
- Class 4 noun prefix.
Sundanese
Etymology
From Old Sundanese mi-. Analyzed as combination of N- + pi-. Compare Indonesian memper-.
Prefix
mi- (Sundanese script ᮙᮤ-)
- Active of pi-
Derived terms
Further reading
- D. K. Ardiwinata (1984) [1916] Ayatrohaedi, transl., Tata Bahasa Sunda (ILDEP)[2] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, translation of Elmoening Basa Soenda pikeun pangadjaran di sakola2, djiiid I, page 95
- "mi-" in Maman Sumantri, Atjep Djamaludin, Achmad Patoni, R.H. Moch. Koerdie, M.O. Koesman, Epa Sjafei Adisastra. (1985) Kamus Sunda-Indonesia [Sundanese-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Department of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia
Swahili
Alternative forms
- (before e) my-
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *mɪ̀-.
Pronunciation
Audio (Kenya): (file)
Prefix
mi- (singular m-)
- mi class(IV) noun prefix and adjective agreement prefix, denoting plurals of m class(III)
Usage notes
If an adjective starts with i, the two is are merged to one:
- mi- + -ingine (“other”) → mingine
Before e, the form my- is used. This does not apply to nouns.
See also
- Appendix:Swahili noun classes
Ternate
Etymology
Cognate with Tehit m- (“first-person plural exclusive prefix”).
Pronoun
mi- (Jawi مي-)
- first-person plural exclusive clitic, we
- first-person plural exclusive possessive pronoun, our
- Synonym: mia-
- (feminine) third-person singular possessive pronoun, her
See also
independent | subject proclitic | possessive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
informal | formal | ||||
singular | 1st person | ngori | fangarem, fajaruf | to | ri |
2nd person | ngana | ngoni, jou ngoni | no | ni | |
3rd person | unam, minaf | om, mof, inh | im, mif, manh | ||
plural | 1st person inclusive | ngone | fo | na, nga | |
1st person exclusive | ngomi | fangare ngomim, fajaru ngomif, fara ngomi1 |
mi | mi, mia | |
2nd person | ngoni | ni | na, nia | ||
3rd person | anah, enanh | ih, nh, yoh, †, yanh, † | nah, ngah, manh |
- unmarked pronouns are gender non-specific
- m - masculine, f - feminine, h - human, nh - non-human
- 1 - for mixed-gender groups
- † - archaic
References
- Frederik Sigismund Alexander de Clercq (1890) Bijdragen tot de kennis der Residentie Ternate, E.J. Brill
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Tocharian B
Verb
mi-
Tsonga
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́-mɪ̀-.
Prefix
mi-
- Class 4 noun prefix.
Tumbuka
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mɪ̀-
Noun
mi-
- Class 4 noun prefix.
Venda
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *gɪ́-mɪ̀-.
Prefix
mi-
- Class 4 noun prefix.
West Makian
Etymology 1
Cognate with Ternate mi- (“our”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mi/
Pronoun
mi-
- first-person plural exclusive possessive prefix, our
Etymology 2
Pronoun
mi-
- (animate) alternative form of ma- (“his, hers, that being's”) when preceded by a root-initial i
See also
independent | possessive prefix | ||
---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | de | ti | |
2nd person singular | ni | ni | |
3rd person singular | me | mVan., dVinan. | |
1st person plural | inclusive | ene | nV |
exclusive | imi | mi | |
2nd person plural | ini | fi | |
3rd person plural | eme | di |
V indicates the expected assimilated vowel of the following noun,
following standard West Makian vowel harmony.
References
- Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours[3], Pacific linguistics
Yao
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Bantu *mɪ̀-
Prefix
mi-
- Class 4 noun prefix.
Ye'kwana
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [mi-]
Prefix
mi-
- Allomorph of m- (second-person prefix) used for stems that begin with a consonant.
Inflection
pronoun | noun possessor/ series II verb argument |
postposition object | series I verb argument | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
transitive patient | intransitive patient-like | intransitive agent-like | transitive agent | |||||||
first person | ewü | y-, ∅-, ü-, u-1 | w-, wi- | |||||||
first person dual inclusive | küwü | k-, kü-, ku-, ki- | k-, kii-, ki-1 | |||||||
second person | amödö | ö-, öy-/ödh-, o-, oy-/odh-, a-, ay-/adh- | m-, mi- | |||||||
first person dual exclusive | nña | y-/dh-, ch-, ∅-, i-1 | chö- | ∅- | n-, ni- | |||||
third person | tüwü | n-, ni- | ||||||||
distant past third person | — | kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini- | ||||||||
coreferential/reflexive | — | t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te- | — | |||||||
reciprocal | — | — | öö- | |||||||
|
series I verb argument: transitive agent and transitive patient | |
---|---|
first person > second person | mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni- |
first person dual exclusive > second person | |
second person > first person | k-, kü-, ku-, ki- |
second person > first person dual exclusive | |
third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person | see person X in the chart above |
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *mɪ̀-.
Prefix
mi-
- Class 4 simple noun prefix.