-ng

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ng"

Cebuano

Suffix

-ng

  1. Contraction of nga
    bag-o + nga tuig = bag-ong tuig
    New Year or new year
    patay + nga ilaga = patayng ilaga
    dead rat
  2. Appended to a name or noun to create a diminutive or affectionate term or name
    burikat + ng = buring
    prostitute
    Juana (feminine form of Juan) + ng = Juaning
    little Johanna / dear Johanna (feminine form of Little John)
    Timothy + ng = Timong
    dear Timothy

Hungarian

Etymology

First attested in the after 1416. -n (of debated origin) +‎ -g (frequentative verb-forming suffix)[1]

Suffix

-ng

  1. (frequentative suffix) Added to a verb or less frequently to a noun to form a verb denoting a repetitive action. Linking vowels are usually used between the stem and the suffix.

Usage notes

  • (frequentative suffix) Variants:
    -ong is added to back-vowel words
    hajol (to bend) + ‎-ng → ‎hajlong (to bow repetitively)
    -eng is added to unrounded front-vowel words
    derül (to clear up) + ‎-ng → ‎dereng (to dawn; to appear vaguely)
    -öng is added to rounded front-vowel words
    őrül (to go insane) + ‎-ng → ‎őrjöng (to be wild, furious, raging)
    düh (fury, rage) + ‎-ng → ‎dühöng (to be in a raging temper)
    -ang is added to back-vowel words (rare)
    lappang (to lurk)
    -ing is added to front-vowel words (rare)
    kering (to circulate, orbit)

See also

  • Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

References

  1. ^ -ng in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Kapampangan

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ŋ/ [ŋ]

Etymology 1

Compare Tagalog -ng.

Alternative forms

Ligature

-ng

  1. Enclitic suffix, connecting adjectives to nouns and vice versa, after words ending in vowels, except compound words where the next stem starts with the letter b or p.
    Synonyms: a, na, -g, -ng-, -m-, -n-, -g-
    Mayapang tau.
    A kind person.
    Ating tau.
    Someone is here.
  2. Enclitic suffix, connecting adverbs to verbs and vice versa, after words ending in vowels, except compound words where the next stem starts with the letter b or p.
    Synonyms: a, na, -g
    Biglang migsalita.
    S/he suddenly spoke.
    Kabirang dintang.
    S/he surprisingly came.
  3. Indicates possession that ends with vowels: of, -'s
    Synonyms: nang, ning, kang, king
    I Madonnang memili.
    Madonna's choice.
    I Simong mikisalepanu.
    Simon's cellphone.
  4. he/she/I/they/we said: a type of verbal quotation mark used for direct and indirect quotes, also similar to that when used as a coordinating conjunction.
    Synonyms: nang, ning, sabi, ngana, ngada, ngadareta, ngadaren, kanu, ngako, ngakuna, nganamo, ngadamo, ngamu
    Kakaluguran dakang ngana.
    S/he said that "You're my friend".
    Kalugurang ipagpagulisak.
    I'll shout my "love" to you.

Etymology 2

Possibly from Spanish -ín. See -ing.

Alternative forms

  • -ing (for roots ending in consonants)

Suffix

-ng (proper noun-forming suffix)

  1. Diminutive suffix, used to form diminutives of given names ending in vowels, often one already shortened or with a diminutive suffix.
    Paeng.little Rafael.
    Beng.little Ruby.

See also

Ojibwe

Suffix

-ng

  1. A suffix denoting the locative form of a noun
  2. A suffix denoting the indefinite actor form of an animate intransitive verb (vai)
  3. A suffix denoting the third-person singular conjunct form of a Type 4 transitive inanimate verb (vti4)

See also

Tagalog

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Ligature

-ng (Baybayin spelling ᜅ᜔)

  1. Enclitic suffix, connecting adjectives to nouns and vice versa, after words ending in vowels, except compound words where the next stem starts with the letter b or p.
    Synonyms: na, -g, -ng-, -m-, -n-, -g-
    Magandang bulaklak
    Pretty flower
  2. Enclitic suffix, connecting adverbs to verbs and vice versa, after words ending in vowels, except compound words where the next stem starts with the letter b or p.
    Synonyms: na, -g
    Bigla siyang nagsalita.
    S/he suddenly spoke.

Etymology 2

Possibly from Spanish -ín. See -ing.

Alternative forms

  • -ingfor roots ending in consonants

Suffix

-ng (proper noun-forming suffix, Baybayin spelling ᜅ᜔)

  1. Diminutive suffix, used to form diminutives of given names ending in vowels, often one already shortened or with a diminutive suffix.
    Pepenglittle Joseph
    Isanglittle Isabel

Derived terms

See also

Uzbek

Suffix

-ng (Cyrillic -нг)

  1. Form of -ing after a noun ending in a vowel.
    • Bu ruchkang.
      "This is your ballpen."

Yilan Creole

Etymology

From western dialectal Japanese (-n, negative form of verbs).

Suffix

-ng

  1. Irrealis negation suffix.

Usage notes

  • Always preceded by a

Antonyms

  • -nay (realis negation suffix)

References

  • Chien Yuehchen, Shinji Sanada (2011) “台湾の宜蘭クレオールにおける否定辞―「ナイ」と「ン」の変容をめぐって― [Negation in Taiwan’s Yilan Creole: Focusing on -nay and -ng]”, in 言語研究 [Gengo Kenkyu][1], number 140, pages 73-87