See also: Appendix:Variations of "wana"
Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-wa na (infinitive kuwa na)
- to have
- ninalo ― I have it
18th century, Abdallah bin Ali bin Nasir, Al-Inkishafi[1], translation from R. Allen (1946) “Inkishafi—a translation from the Swahili”, in African Studies, volume 5, number 4, →DOI, pages 243–249, stanza 12:هُيُوِ دُنِيَ اِيْنَ غُرُرِ ، دِيَ زَتَتَسِ هُزَدَمَيِْ،- Huyui dunia ina ghururi? ndia za-tatasi huzandamaye?
- This world is deceitful, why follow its ways?
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -wa na (irregular)
|
| Gnomic
|
-na
|
| Subjunctive
|
-we na
|
| Negative
|
-na
|
| Imperative singular
|
kuwa na
|
|
| Infinitives
|
| Positive
|
kuwa na
|
| Negative
|
kutokuwa na
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kuwa na
|
| Plural
|
kuweni na
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
huwa na
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likuwa na
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kuwa na
|
|
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -na + (object concord))
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sina
|
hatuna
|
| 2nd person
|
huna
|
hamna
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hana
|
hawana
|
| pa(XVI)
|
hapana
|
|
| ku(XVII)
|
hakuna
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
hamuna
|
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -na
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takuwa na
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takuwa na
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -we na)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
niwe na
|
tuwe na
|
| 2nd person
|
uwe na
|
muwe na
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
awe na
|
wawe na
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pawe na
|
|
| ku(XVII)
|
kuwe na
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
muwe na
|
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -we na
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -siwe na
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekuwa na
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekuwa na
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikuwa na
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikuwa na
|
| Gnomic
|
see positive present
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekuwa na
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakuwa na
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jawa na
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kiwa na
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokuwa na
|
| Consecutive
|
kawa na / positive subject concord + -kawa na
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kawe na
|
|
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -li- + relative marker + na + (object concord))
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-liye na
|
-lio na
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-lio na
|
-liyo na
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lilo na
|
-liyo na
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-licho na
|
-livyo na
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-liyo na
|
-lizo na
|
| u(XI)
|
-lio na
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-liko na
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-lipo na
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-limo na
|
|
|
| General negative (positive subject concord + -si- + relative marker + na + (object concord))
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-siye na
|
-sio na
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-sio na
|
-siyo na
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-silo na
|
-siyo na
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-sicho na
|
-sivyo na
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-siyo na
|
-sizo na
|
| u(XI)
|
-sio na
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-siko na
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-sipo na
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-simo na
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker[sw-conj 1] + relative marker + -kuwa na + (object concord))
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekuwa na
|
-okuwa na
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okuwa na
|
-yokuwa na
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokuwa na
|
-yokuwa na
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokuwa na
|
-vyokuwa na
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokuwa na
|
-zokuwa na
|
| u(XI)
|
-okuwa na
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokuwa na
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokuwa na
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokuwa na
|
|
|
- ^ Only past tense -li- or future tense -taka-. For the present, use general positive.
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|