darling

See also: Darling

English

WOTD – 12 June 2025

Etymology

The noun is derived from Middle English dereling, derelyng (“beloved person; beloved of God, devout Christian”),[1] from Old English dīerling, dēorling (“favourite, darling; minion”),[2][3] from Proto-West Germanic *diuriling, from Proto-Germanic *diurijalingaz, from *diurijaz (“beloved, dear; expensive”) (further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰegʷʰ- (“hot, warm; to burn”), or *dweh₂- (“distant, long; to remove, separate”)) + *-ilingaz (suffix forming (diminutive) nouns with the sense of ‘belonging to; coming from’). By surface analysis, dear +‎ -ling (suffix meaning ‘immature; small’).

The adjective is from an attributive use of the noun.[3] The verb is also derived from the noun.[4]

Pronunciation

  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈdɑːlɪŋ/
  • (General American) enPR: där'lĭng, IPA(key): /ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/
  • Audio (General American):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)lɪŋ
  • Hyphenation: dar‧ling

Noun

darling (plural darlings)

  2. Often used as an affectionate term of address: a person who is very dear to one.
    Synonyms: (informal) darl; see also Thesaurus:sweetheart
    Pass the wine, would you, darling?
  3. A person who is kind, sweet, etc., and thus lovable; a pet, a sweetheart; also, an animal or thing which is cute and lovable.
    The girl next door picks up all my shopping for me. She is such a darling.
    • 1838, Robert Southey, “The King of the Crocodiles. Part II.”, in The Poetical Works of Robert Southey. […], volume VI, London: […] [Andrew Spottiswoode] for Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, […], published 1838, →OCLC, stanza 6, page 102:
      When the Crocodile Queen came home, she found / That her eggs were broken and scattered around, / And that six young Princes, darlings all, / Were missing, for none of them answer'd her call.
    • 1863, M[ary] E[lizabeth] Braddon, “The Story of the Past”, in Eleanor’s Victory. […], volume I, London: Tinsley Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 43:
      What did they want, then, or in what manner did he fail in his duty towards those innocent darlings [his children]?
    • 1864 April (date written), Charles Kingsley, chapter XXIII, in F[rances] E[liza Grenfell] K[ingsley], editor, Charles Kingsley: His Letters and Memories of His Life. […], volume II, London: Henry S[amuel] King & Co., published 1877, →OCLC, page 200:
      With every flock of sheep and girls are one or two enormous mastiffs, which could eat one, and do bark nastily. But when the children call them and introduce them to you formally, they stand to be patted, and eat out of your hand; they are great darlings, and necessary against bear and wolf.
  4. A favourite.
    • 1549 February 10 (Gregorian calendar; indicated as 1548), Erasmus, “The Paraphrase of Erasmus vpon the Ghospell of S. Luke. The Preface of Erasmus vnto His Paraphrase vpon the Ghospell of Luke. Unto the Moostle Puissaunt and Most Victorious Prince Henry the Eight, King of England, Fraunce, and Ireland, […].”, in Nicolas Udall [i.e., Nicholas Udall], transl., The First Tome or Volume of the Paraphrase of Erasmus vpon the Newe Testamente, London: […] Edwarde Whitchurche, →OCLC, folio vii, verso:
      And in ſo muche the more peril and haſard of the ſaid diſeaſes [“ambicion, auarice, riottous exceſſe, hatred, enuye, and ſuche others”] do the princes ſtand, as they are more then others made wantons ⁊ derelynges of fortune, and haue lybertie withoute checke or controllemente to fulfyll their owne ſenſuall luſtes and appetites.
    • c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, The Tragœdy of Othello, the Moore of Venice. […] (First Quarto), London: […] N[icholas] O[kes] for Thomas Walkley, […], published 1622, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv], pages 56–57:
      [T]hat handkercher / Did an Egyptian to my mother giue, / […] ſhe told her vvhile ſhe kept it, / Tvvould make her amiable, and ſubdue my father / Intirely to her loue: […] [T]ake heed on't, / Make it [the handkerchief] a darling, like your pretious eye, / To looſe, or giue avvay, vvere ſuch perdition, / As nothing elſe could match.
    • 1870, Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Works and Days”, in Society and Solitude. Twelve Chapters, Boston, Mass.: Fields, Osgood, & Co., →OCLC, page 148:
      Politics were never more corrupt and brutal; and Trade, that pride and darling of our ocean, that educator of nations, that benefactor in spite of itself, ends in shameful defaulting, bubble, and bankruptcy, all over the world.
    1. The favourite child in a family.
      Mary, the youngest daughter, was always her mother’s darling.
      • 1675, [Richard Allestree], “Sect[ion] IV. Of the Surplusage of our Enjoinments above Our Sufferings.”, in The Art of Contentment. […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: At the [Sheldonian] Theater […], →OCLC, paragraph 9, page 73:
        And tis a common obſervation in Familites, that the moſt diſcountenanc'd child oft makes better proof, then the dearling.
      • 1712, Humphry Polesworth [pseudonym; John Arbuthnot], “The Character of John Bull’s Sister Peg, with the Quarrels that Happen’d between Master and Miss, in Their Childhood”, in John Bull Still in His Senses: Being the Third Part of Law is a Bottomless-Pit. […], London: […] John Morphew, […], →OCLC, page 23:
        […] John vvas the Darling, he had all the good Bits, vvas cramm'd vvith good Pullet, Chicken, Pig, Gooſe and Capon, vvhile Miſs had only a little Oatmeal and VVater, or a dry Cruſt vvithout Butter.
      • 1932–1941, Theodore Roethke, “Feud”, in Open House, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A[braham] Knopf, published 1941, →OCLC, part I, page 4:
        Exhausted fathers thinned the blood, / You curse the legacy of pain; / Darling of an infected brood, / You feel disaster climb the vein.
      • 1959, Georgette Heyer, chapter 1, in The Unknown Ajax, London; Melbourne, Vic.: William Heinemann, →OCLC, page 3:
        But Richmond, his grandfather's darling, after one thoughtful glance cast under his lashes at that uncompromising countenance, appeared to lose himself in his own reflections.
    2. (by extension) A person (often a woman) or thing that is very popular with a certain group of people.
      a media darling
      a darling of the theatre
      • 1605, Francis Bacon, “The Second Booke”, in The Twoo Bookes of Francis Bacon. Of the Proficience and Aduancement of Learning, Diuine and Humane, London: […] [Thomas Purfoot and Thomas Creede] for Henrie Tomes, […], →OCLC, folio 11, recto:
        […] Auguſtius Cæſar in his very entrance into affaires, vvhen he vvas a dearling of the Senate, yet in his haranges to the people, vvould ſvveare Ita parentis honores conſequi liceat, (vvhich vvas no leſſe then the Tyranny,) […]
      • 1639, Thomas Fuller, “The Destruction of the Citie and Temple of Jerusalem by the Romanes under the Conduct of Titus”, in The Historie of the Holy Warre, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck, one of the printers to the Universitie of Cambridge [and sold by John Williams, London], →OCLC, book I, page 1:
        The Generall of the Romanes in this action vvas Titus, ſonne to Veſpaſian the Emperour. A prince ſo good, that he vvas ſtyled the Darling of mankind for his ſvveet and loving nature; […]
      • 1859, Alfred Tennyson, “Elaine”, in Idylls of the King, London: Edward Moxon & Co., […], →OCLC, page 161:
        Then the great knight, the darling of the court, / Loved of the loveliest, into that rude hall / Stept with all grace, […]
      • 2011 December 15, Felicity Cloake, “How to cook the perfect nut roast”, in Guardian‎[1]:
        One of the darlings of the early vegetarian movement (particularly in its even sadder form, the cutlet), it was on the menu at John Harvey Kellogg's Battle Creek Sanitarium[sic], and has since become the default Sunday option for vegetarians – and a default source of derision for everyone else.
    3. (obsolete) A royal favourite, the intimate companion of a monarch or other royal personage, often delegated significant political power.
      • a. 1548 (date written), Edward Hall, Richard Grafton, “[The Troubleous Season of Kyng Henry the Sixt.] The .XXVIII. Yere.”, in The Vnion of the Two Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre & Yorke, […], London: […] Rychard Grafton, […] [and Steven Mierdman], published 1550, →OCLC, folio lxxvi, recto:
        When kyng Henry perceiued, that the cõmons [commons] wer thus ſtomacked and bent, againſt the Quenes [Margaret of Anjou's] dearlynge William [de la Pole,] Duke of Suffolke, he plainly ſawe, that neither gloſyng woulde ſette, nor diſſimulacion coulde appeace, the continuall clamor of the importunate cõmons: Wherefore to begyn a ſhorte pacificacion in to long a broyle.
      • 1716 March 13 (Gregorian calendar), Joseph Addison, “The Free-holder: No. 21. Friday, March 2. [1716.]”, in The Works of the Right Honourable Joseph Addison, Esq; […], volume IV, London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], published 1721, →OCLC, page 432:
        She [Caroline of Ansbach] immediately became the darling of the Princeſs Sophia [Charlotte of Hanover], vvho vvas acknovvledged in all the Courts of Europe the moſt accompliſhed vvoman of the age in vvhich ſhe lived, and vvho vvas not a little pleaſed vvith the converſation of one in vvhom ſhe ſavv ſo lively an image of her ovvn youth.

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Translations

Adjective

darling (comparative more darling or (rare) darlinger, superlative most darling or darlingest)

  1. Very dear; beloved, cherished, favourite.
    She is my darling wife of twenty-two years.
  2. (affected) Very cute or lovable; adorable, charming, sweet.
    Well, isn’t that a darling little outfit she has on?

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

darling (third-person singular simple present darlings, present participle darlinging, simple past and past participle darlinged)

  1. (transitive, informal) To call (someone) "darling" (noun sense 1).
    • 1870, Hugh Rowley, chapter XVIII, in Gamosagammon; or, Hints on Hymen. […], London: John Camden Hotten, […], →OCLC, page 139:
      The frisky female, we have noticed, has one most unpleasant trick; it is that of darlinging and duckeying and otherwise spooneying her husband … in public. He is invariably, invariably set down as an ass, without its being in the least his fault.
    • 1882 September 22, “By Telephone”, in H. S. Underwood, editor, The Argo, volume II, number 6, Williamstown, Mass.: Williams College, →OCLC, page 75, column 2:
      Hullo! oh! Maud, darling, I wanted to know— / Great snakes, it's not she!—I want Miss Maud DeVaux.— / I think that I "darlinged" the old man that time. / If I did, I'll sell cheap,—this lot marked down,—one dime.
    • 1941 (date written), Terence Rattigan, Flare Path: A Play in Three Acts, London; New York, N.Y.: Samuel French, published 1943, →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 40:
      Wonderful the way you stage people darling each other. To hear you sometimes, you'd think you were passionately in love.
    • 1990, Khushwant Singh, “Bhagmati”, in Delhi, New Delhi: Penguin Books India, →ISBN, pages 108–109:
      All the Marys, Janes, Francoises and Mikis darlinged and honeyed me for a day or two then vanished for ever. After a few weeks I could not recall their names or faces.
    • 2000, Maeve Binchy, Scarlet Feather, London: Orion, →ISBN, page 174:
      He was darlinging his wife at every opportunity. They were going to have a silver wedding party. And, according to Geraldine, this was meant to be a dead marriage.

Translations

References

  1. ^ “dẹ̄̆reling, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  2. ^ Joseph Bosworth (1882) “deór-ling”, in T[homas] Northcote Toller, editor, An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 202, column 2.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 “darling, n.1 and adj.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2025; “darling, n. and adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
  4. ^ “darling, v.”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, June 2025.

Further reading

Anagrams

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.