lika

See also: líka, līķa, and Lika

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lika, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *slīką. Related to Estonian liga, Ingrian lika, Karelian lika / liga, Livonian liegā and Ludian ľiga.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlikɑ/, [ˈlikɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -ikɑ
  • Syllabification(key): li‧ka
  • Hyphenation(key): li‧ka

Noun

lika

  1. dirt, filth, stain, muck (foreign substance that makes something unclean)
    Synonyms: (dialectal) roipe, räpäkkä

Declension

Inflection of lika (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation)
nominative lika liat
genitive lian likojen
partitive likaa likoja
illative likaan likoihin
singular plural
nominative lika liat
accusative nom. lika liat
gen. lian
genitive lian likojen
likain rare
partitive likaa likoja
inessive liassa lioissa
elative liasta lioista
illative likaan likoihin
adessive lialla lioilla
ablative lialta lioilta
allative lialle lioille
essive likana likoina
translative liaksi lioiksi
abessive liatta lioitta
instructive — lioin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of lika (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative likani likani
accusative nom. likani likani
gen. likani
genitive likani likojeni
likaini rare
partitive likaani likojani
inessive liassani lioissani
elative liastani lioistani
illative likaani likoihini
adessive liallani lioillani
ablative lialtani lioiltani
allative lialleni lioilleni
essive likanani likoinani
translative liakseni lioikseni
abessive liattani lioittani
instructive — —
comitative — likoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative likasi likasi
accusative nom. likasi likasi
gen. likasi
genitive likasi likojesi
likaisi rare
partitive likaasi likojasi
inessive liassasi lioissasi
elative liastasi lioistasi
illative likaasi likoihisi
adessive liallasi lioillasi
ablative lialtasi lioiltasi
allative liallesi lioillesi
essive likanasi likoinasi
translative liaksesi lioiksesi
abessive liattasi lioittasi
instructive — —
comitative — likoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative likamme likamme
accusative nom. likamme likamme
gen. likamme
genitive likamme likojemme
likaimme rare
partitive likaamme likojamme
inessive liassamme lioissamme
elative liastamme lioistamme
illative likaamme likoihimme
adessive liallamme lioillamme
ablative lialtamme lioiltamme
allative liallemme lioillemme
essive likanamme likoinamme
translative liaksemme lioiksemme
abessive liattamme lioittamme
instructive — —
comitative — likoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative likanne likanne
accusative nom. likanne likanne
gen. likanne
genitive likanne likojenne
likainne rare
partitive likaanne likojanne
inessive liassanne lioissanne
elative liastanne lioistanne
illative likaanne likoihinne
adessive liallanne lioillanne
ablative lialtanne lioiltanne
allative liallenne lioillenne
essive likananne likoinanne
translative liaksenne lioiksenne
abessive liattanne lioittanne
instructive — —
comitative — likoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative likansa likansa
accusative nom. likansa likansa
gen. likansa
genitive likansa likojensa
likainsa rare
partitive likaansa likojaan
likojansa
inessive liassaan
liassansa 		lioissaan
lioissansa
elative liastaan
liastansa 		lioistaan
lioistansa
illative likaansa likoihinsa
adessive liallaan
liallansa 		lioillaan
lioillansa
ablative lialtaan
lialtansa 		lioiltaan
lioiltansa
allative lialleen
liallensa 		lioilleen
lioillensa
essive likanaan
likanansa 		likoinaan
likoinansa
translative liakseen
liaksensa 		lioikseen
lioiksensa
abessive liattaan
liattansa 		lioittaan
lioittansa
instructive — —
comitative — likoineen
likoinensa

Derived terms

compounds

Further reading

Anagrams

French

Pronunciation

Verb

lika

  1. third-person singular past historic of liker

Hawaiian

Noun

lika

  1. liter (unit of measure)

Hungarian

Etymology

lik (“hole [dialectal]”) +‎ -a (possessive suffix)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈlikɒ]
  • Hyphenation: li‧ka

Noun

lika

  1. alternative form of lyuka, third-person singular single-possession possessive of lik

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative lika —
accusative likát —
dative likának —
instrumental likával —
causal-final likáért —
translative likává —
terminative likáig —
essive-formal likaként —
essive-modal likául —
inessive likában —
superessive likán —
adessive likánál —
illative likába —
sublative likára —
allative likához —
elative likából —
delative likáról —
ablative likától —
non-attributive
possessive – singular 		likáé —
non-attributive
possessive – plural 		likáéi —

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lika. Cognates include Finnish lika and Estonian liga.

Pronunciation

  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈlikɑ/, [ˈlʲikɑ]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈlikɑ/, [ˈlʲiɡ̊ɑ]
  • Rhymes: -ikɑ
  • Hyphenation: li‧ka

Noun

lika

  1. dirt, filth

Declension

Declension of lika (type 3/kana, k- gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative lika liat
genitive lian likkoin
partitive likkaa likoja
illative likkaa likkoi
inessive lias liois
elative liast lioist
allative lialle lioille
adessive lial lioil
ablative lialt lioilt
translative liaks lioiks
essive likanna, likkaan likoinna, likkoin
exessive1) likant likoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 265

Karelian

Regional variants of lika
North Karelian
(Viena) 		lika
South Karelian
(Tver) 		liga

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lika. Cognates include Finnish lika and Estonian liga.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈlʲikɑ/
  • Hyphenation: li‧ka

Noun

lika (genitive lijan, partitive likua)

  1. (North Karelian) muck, dirt

Declension

Viena Karelian declension of lika (type 4/kala, ik-ij gradation)
singular plural
nominative lika lijat
genitive lijan likojen
partitive likua likoja
illative likah likoih
inessive lijašša lijoissa
elative lijašta lijoista
adessive lijalla lijoilla
ablative lijalta lijoilta
translative lijakši lijoiksi
essive likana likoina
comitative — lijoineh
abessive lijatta lijoitta
Possessive forms of lika
1st person likani
2nd person likaš
3rd person likah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

References

  • P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “lika”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN

Latvian

Verb

lika

  1. third-person singular/plural past indicative of likt

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

Noun

lika n

  1. definite plural of lik

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈliːkɑ/

Noun

lika n

  1. definite plural of lik

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /²liːkɑ/

Verb

lika (imperative lik or lika, present tense likar or liker, simple past lika or likte, past participle lika or likt)

  1. alternative form of like

Swahili

Etymology

Compare with Chichewa -dyeka (“to be edible”).

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-lika (infinitive kulika)

  1. Stative form of -la: to be edible

Conjugation

Conjugation of -lika
Positive present -nalika
Subjunctive -like
Negative -liki
Imperative singular lika
Infinitives
Positive kulika
Negative kutolika
Imperatives
Singular lika
Plural likeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hulika
Positive past positive subject concord + -lilika
Negative past negative subject concord + -kulika
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nalika)
Singular Plural
1st person ninalika/nalika tunalika
2nd person unalika mnalika
3rd person m-wa(I/II) analika wanalika
other classes positive subject concord + -nalika
Negative present (negative subject concord + -liki)
Singular Plural
1st person siliki hatuliki
2nd person huliki hamliki
3rd person m-wa(I/II) haliki hawaliki
other classes negative subject concord + -liki
Positive future positive subject concord + -talika
Negative future negative subject concord + -talika
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -like)
Singular Plural
1st person nilike tulike
2nd person ulike mlike
3rd person m-wa(I/II) alike walike
other classes positive subject concord + -like
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -silike
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngelika
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singelika
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalilika
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalilika
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -alika)
Singular Plural
1st person nalika twalika
2nd person walika mwalika
3rd person m-wa(I/II) alika walika
m-mi(III/IV) walika yalika
ji-ma(V/VI) lalika yalika
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chalika vyalika
n(IX/X) yalika zalika
u(XI) walika see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwalika
pa(XVI) palika
mu(XVIII) mwalika
Perfect positive subject concord + -melika
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshalika
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jalika
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kilika
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipolika
Consecutive kalika / positive subject concord + -kalika
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kalike
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nilika -tulika
2nd person -kulika -walika/-kulikeni/-walikeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mlika -walika
m-mi(III/IV) -ulika -ilika
ji-ma(V/VI) -lilika -yalika
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kilika -vilika
n(IX/X) -ilika -zilika
u(XI) -ulika see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kulika
pa(XVI) -palika
mu(XVIII) -mulika
Reflexive -jilika
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -lika- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -likaye -likao
m-mi(III/IV) -likao -likayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -likalo -likayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -likacho -likavyo
n(IX/X) -likayo -likazo
u(XI) -likao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -likako
pa(XVI) -likapo
mu(XVIII) -likamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -lika)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yelika -olika
m-mi(III/IV) -olika -yolika
ji-ma(V/VI) -lolika -yolika
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -cholika -vyolika
n(IX/X) -yolika -zolika
u(XI) -olika see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kolika
pa(XVI) -polika
mu(XVIII) -molika
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Swedish

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

From Old Norse líka, from Proto-Germanic *līkāną, *galīkāną.

Verb

lika (present likar, preterite likade, supine likat, imperative lika)

  1. to make more similar to; align
  2. (archaic) to put up with, accept
  3. (archaic) to like, be fond of
Conjugation
Conjugation of lika (weak)
active passive
infinitive lika —
supine likat —
imperative lika —
imper. plural1 liken —
present past present past
indicative likar likade — —
ind. plural1 lika likade — —
subjunctive2 like likade — —
present participle likande
past participle likad

1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Etymology 2

Adjective

lika

  1. inflection of lik:
    1. definite singular
    2. plural
Compounds
See also
  • lika med

Adverb

lika (not comparable)

  1. as, equally, in the same way, of the same degree

Further reading

Anagrams

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