止

See also: 只 and 足
止 U+6B62, 止
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B62
← 歡
[U+6B61] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 正 →
[U+6B63]

⽌ U+2F4C, ⽌
KANGXI RADICAL STOP
← ⽋
[U+2F4B] 		Kangxi Radicals ⽍ →
[U+2F4D]

Translingual

Stroke order

Alternative forms

  • 𣥂
  • 龰 (when used as a bottom radical)

Note that 龰 may also be a component of the radicals 疋 (𤴓/𤴔), 辵 (辶), 走, and 足 (𧾷).

Han character

止 (Kangxi radical 77, 止+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜中一 (YLM), four-corner 21100, composition ⿱⿰丨⺊一 or ⿻上丨 or ⿺⺊丄)

  1. Kangxi radical #77, ⽌.
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №27

Derived characters

Descendants

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 573, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16253
  • Dae Jaweon: page 961, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1435, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6B62

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 止

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 止
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
祉 *kʰlɯʔ
址 *kjɯʔ
止 *kjɯʔ
趾 *kjɯʔ
芷 *kjɯʔ
沚 *kjɯʔ
阯 *kjɯʔ
齒 *kʰjɯʔ
紕 *be, *pʰi, *kʰjɯʔ

Pictogram (象形) – a footprint pointing up, originally meaning "foot". The derivative 趾 (OC *kjɯʔ) refers to the original meaning. Compare 手 (“hand”). Note that in oracle script, composed of 3 toes and a sole.

Compare to 夊, 夂, which have similar shape in oracle script, but pointing down (toe pointing right), and 𡕒 (as in right side of 舛, roughly ヰ, toe pointing left), hence different evolution.

Compare to 丑, which is the pictogram of an animal claw.

Eventually, note that the foot is represented with three toes, like the human hand in the characters 爪, 寸, 九, 又, and 彐.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 止
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 諸市切
Baxter tsyiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕɨX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕɨX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cɨX/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕiəX/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕĭəX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 止
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyiX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*təʔ/
English foot; stop

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 止
Reading # 1/1
No. 17297
Phonetic
component
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese 		/*kjɯʔ/
Notes 趾初文

Definitions

止

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) foot
  2. to stop; to halt
    休止  ―  xiūzhǐ  ―  to stop
  3. to bring to an end; to stop; to relieve
    止癢／止痒  ―  zhǐyǎng  ―  to stop itching (irritation)
  4. to end; to finish
  5. only (original form of 只 (zhǐ))
  6. 71st tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝍌)
  7. (literary, archaic) Sentence-final particle indicating an emphasis.

Synonyms

  • (to stop):

Antonyms

  • (antonym(s) of “stop”): 始 (shǐ)

Compounds

Japanese

Kanji

止

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. (とめる): to stop
  2. (やめる): to stop, to terminate

Readings

Derived terms

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

止 (eumhun 그칠 지 (geuchil ji))

  1. hanja form? of 지 (“stop”)

Vietnamese

Han character

止: Hán Nôm readings: chỉ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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