孽
See also: 孼
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Translingual
Han character
孽 (Kangxi radical 39, 子+17, 20 strokes, cangjie input 廿十弓木 (TJND), four-corner 44407, composition ⿱薛子)
Derived characters
- 𠑦, 𡅲, 𡿒, 𰸹, 𪓈, 𢌎
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 281, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7047
- Dae Jaweon: page 551, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1020, character 7
- Unihan data for U+5B7D
Chinese
| trad. | 孽 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 孽 | |
| 2nd round simp. | 𰰟 | |
| alternative forms | 孼 | |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (薛) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ŋred): phonetic 薛 (OC *sŋed) + semantic 子 (“child”)
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “*s-nya-s ⪤ *s-nyan PUNISH / OPPRESS / COERCE?”)
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nyiet6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): nieh4
- Northern Min (KCR): ngiè
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngiĕk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8gniq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): nyie6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: niè
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: niè
- Wade–Giles: nieh4
- Yale: nyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nieh
- Palladius: не (ne)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: nyie2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: nie
- Sinological IPA (key): /nʲiɛ²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jip6 / jit6
- Yale: yihp / yiht
- Cantonese Pinyin: jip9 / jit9
- Guangdong Romanization: yib6 / yid6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiːp̚²/, /jiːt̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: nget2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡet̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiet
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngiad5
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯et̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiat / ngiak
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiadˋ / ngiagˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngiad5 / ngiag5
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯at̚²/, /ŋi̯ak̚²/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: ngiad5
- Sinological IPA: /ŋiat̚¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngiè
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋiɛ⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gia̍t / giat
- Tâi-lô: gia̍t / giat
- Phofsit Daibuun: giat, giad
- IPA (Xiamen): /ɡiɛt̚⁴/, /ɡiɛt̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiɛt̚²⁴/, /ɡiɛt̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡiɛt̚¹²¹/, /ɡiɛt̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /ɡiɛt̚⁴/, /ɡiɛt̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiɛt̚⁴/, /ɡiɛt̚³²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ngiag8 / ngiêg8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngia̍k / ngie̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋiak̚⁴/, /ŋiek̚⁴/
- (Hokkien)
- Wu
- Xiang
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: ngjet
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ(r)at/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋred/
Definitions
孽
- son of a concubine
- ghost; monster
- disaster; calamity
- evil; sin
- treacherous; evil
- (Hokkien) naughty; mischievous
Synonyms
- (monster):
- 凶煞 (xiōngshà) (literally or figuratively)
- 凶神 (xiōngshén) (literally or figuratively)
- 妖 (yāo)
- 妖孽 (yāoniè)
- 妖怪 (yāoguài)
- 妖物 (yāowù)
- 妖精 (yāojīng)
- 妖鬼 (yāoguǐ)
- 妖魔 (yāomó)
- 怪物 (guàiwu)
- 惡魔 / 恶魔 (èmó) (literally or figuratively)
- 煞 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
- 煞神 (shàshén) (literary, literally or figuratively)
- 精怪 (jīngguài)
- 精靈 / 精灵 (jīnglíng)
- 邪魔 (xiémó)
- 魔 (mó) (literary, or in compounds)
- 魔障 (mózhàng) (Buddhism)
- 魔鬼 (móguǐ) (literally or figuratively)
- (naughty):
Dialectal synonyms of 頑皮 (“naughty”) [map]
Compounds
- 三孽
- 亂孽 / 乱孽
- 作孽 (zuòniè)
- 便孽
- 兇孽 / 凶孽
- 冤孽
- 冤孽債 / 冤孽债
- 冤孽症候
- 凶孽
- 卑孽
- 口孽
- 吃孽
- 夙孽
- 天作孽
- 夭孽
- 天災地孽 / 天灾地孽
- 女孽
- 妖孽 (yāoniè)
- 姦孽 / 奸孽
- 媒孽
- 嫡孽
- 嬖孽
- 孤孽
- 孤臣孽子
- 孽債 / 孽债 (nièzhài)
- 孽冤
- 孽出
- 孽唆
- 孽哥
- 孽報 / 孽报
- 孽塵 / 孽尘
- 孽妾
- 孽嬖
- 孽子 (nièzǐ)
- 孽子孤臣
- 孽孫 / 孽孙
- 孽孽
- 孽寵 / 孽宠
- 孽庶
- 孽愆
- 孽星
- 孽根
- 孽毒
- 孽海
- 孽潲
- 孽牙
- 孽畜
- 孽相
- 孽種 / 孽种
- 孽緣 / 孽缘 (nièyuán)
- 孽臣
- 孽芽
- 孽苗
- 孽蟲 / 孽虫
- 孽裔
- 孽話 / 孽话
- 孽譎仔話 / 孽谲仔话
- 孽豎 / 孽竖
- 孽障 (nièzhàng)
- 孽障種子 / 孽障种子
- 孽雞 / 孽鸡
- 孽類 / 孽类
- 孽風 / 孽风
- 孽骨
- 孽鳥 / 孽鸟
- 孽黨 / 孽党
- 孽齬 / 孽龉
- 孽龍 / 孽龙
- 宗孽
- 宦孽
- 宿孽
- 寇孽
- 寵孽 / 宠孽
- 封建餘孽 / 封建余孽
- 小孽
- 巨孽
- 庶孽
- 微孽
- 惡孽 / 恶孽
- 情孽
- 戚孽
- 打孽
- 揭孽
- 支孽 (zhīniè)
- 旁孽
- 昏孽
- 格孽
- 殃孽
- 殘孽 / 残孽
- 殘渣餘孽 / 残渣余孽 (cánzhāyúniè)
- 殷孽
- 毒孽
- 沴孽
- 活冤孽
- 流孽
- 火孽
- 災孽 / 灾孽
- 無名孽火 / 无名孽火
- 煽孽
- 牙孽
- 狂孽
- 生孽
- 畜孽
- 疏孽
- 發孽 / 发孽
- 石孽
- 祅孽
- 禍孽 / 祸孽
- 種孽 / 种孽
- 筆孽 / 笔孽
- 罪孽 (zuìniè)
- 罪孽深重 (zuìniè shēnzhòng)
- 群孽
- 羯孽
- 羽孽
- 臣孽
- 自作孽 (zìzuòniè)
- 自作孽，不可活 (zìzuòniè, bùkěhuó)
- 興妖作孽 / 兴妖作孽
- 花孽
- 苞孽
- 草孽
- 萌孽
- 華孽 / 华孽
- 薉孽 / 𬜨孽
- 蛇孽
- 蝗孽
- 蟲孽 / 虫孽
- 蠹孽
- 讒孽 / 谗孽
- 貴孽 / 贵孽
- 賊孽 / 贼孽
- 逆孽
- 造口孽
- 逋孽
- 造孽 (zàoniè)
- 適孽 / 适孽
- 遭孽
- 遺孽 / 遗孽 (yíniè)
- 遺孽餘烈 / 遗孽余烈
- 遺腹孽 / 遗腹孽
- 邊孽 / 边孽
- 邪孽
- 釁孽 / 衅孽
- 革孽
- 風流冤孽 / 风流冤孽
- 餘孽 / 余孽 (yúniè)
- 魚孽 / 鱼孽
- 黃孽 / 黄孽
- 黑風孽海 / 黑风孽海
- 龍孽 / 龙孽
- 龜孽 / 龟孽
References
- “孽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “孽”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2025.
- 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “孽”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary][3] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC, page 346
Japanese
Kanji
孽
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Readings
- Go-on: げち (gechi)
- Kan-on: げつ (getsu)
- Kun: わきばら (wakibara)、ひこばえ (hikobae)、わざわい (wazawai, 孽い)←わざはひ (wazafafi, 孽ひ, historical)
Korean
Hanja
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]
Vietnamese
Han character
孽: Hán Việt readings: nghiệt[1][2][3][4][5][6]
孽: Nôm readings: nghiệt[1][2][3], nghét[7], nghẹt[7], nghịt[7]