蠻

See also: 蛮

蠻	U+883B, 蠻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-883B

← 蠺
[U+883A]

CJK Unified Ideographs

蠼 →
[U+883C]

Translingual

Han character

蠻 (Kangxi radical 142, 虫+19, 25 strokes, cangjie input 女火中一戈 (VFLMI), four-corner 2213₆, composition ⿱龻虫)

Derived characters

䂅𢦈𢺳(𪮳) 𥾃𧖣𧖦(𬠱) 𪈿𱏣(𫣢)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1104, character 25
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33914
Dae Jaweon: page 1567, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2909, character 21
Unihan data for U+883B

Chinese

trad.		蠻
simp.		蛮
alternative forms		滿／满 “quite”

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (䜌) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蠻	*mroːn
矕	*mroːnʔ
變	*prons
鸞	*b·roːn
巒	*b·roːn
灤	*b·roːn
欒	*b·roːn
鑾	*b·roːn
臠	b·roːn, b·ronʔ
羉	*b·roːn
䜌	b·roːn, b·ron, *b·rons
灓	b·roːn, b·roːns, *b·rons
圝	*b·roːn
曫	*b·roːn
孿	smroːns, smrons
彎	*qroːn
灣	*qroːn
攣	*b·ron
孌	b·ronʔ, b·rons
戀	*b·rons
㪻	pʰlons, klons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *mroːn): phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons) + semantic 虫 (“snake”).

Etymology

Possibly related to Burmese မြန်မာ (mranma, “Myanmar; Burma; Burmese”), Tibetan བྲན (bran, “servant, slave”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mán (man²)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄢˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): maan⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): man¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): màn

(Hailu, HRS): man

(Meixian, Guangdong): man²
Jin (Wiktionary): man¹
Eastern Min (BUC): màng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): mang²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): bân

(Teochew, Peng'im): mang⁵
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶me / ²me / ¹me
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): man²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: mán
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄢˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: mán
  - Wade–Giles: man²
  - Yale: mán
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: man
  - Palladius: мань (manʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /män³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: maan⁴
  - Yale: màahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: maan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: man⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maːn²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: man¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /man⁴²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: màn
  - Hakka Romanization System: man^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: man²
  - Sinological IPA: /man¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: man
  - Sinological IPA: /man⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: man²
  - Sinological IPA: /man¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: man¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /mæ̃¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: màng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maŋ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: mang²
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: máng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maŋ¹³/
- (Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: mang²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maŋ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bân
  - Tâi-lô: bân
  - Phofsit Daibuun: baan
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ban²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /ban²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ban¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /ban²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ban²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mang⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mâng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /maŋ⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁶me
  - MiniDict: me^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³me
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /me²³/
- (Northern: Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ²me
  - MiniDict: me^平
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /me²²³/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ¹me
  - MiniDict: 'me^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹'me
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /me⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /me⁴⁴/

Note:

¹me - “very; quite”.

Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: man²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /man¹³/

Middle Chinese: maen

Rime
Character	蠻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	刪 (69)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	莫還切
Baxter	maen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/mˠan/
Pan Wuyun	/mᵚan/
Shao Rongfen	/mɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/maɨn/
Li Rong	/man/
Wang Li	/man/
Bernhard Karlgren	/man/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	maan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*mˤro[n]/

(Zhengzhang): /*mroːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蠻
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mán
Middle Chinese	‹ maen ›
Old Chinese	/*mˁro[n]/
English	southern foreigner
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蠻
Reading #	1/1
No.	8610
Phonetic component	
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*mroːn/
Notes	金文作

Definitions

蠻

(historical, derogatory) A collective name for all non-Han ethnic groups south of Han areas of China in any given era.
南蠻／南蛮 ― nánmán ― the Southern barbarians
barbarous; savage; uncivilised
rough; rude; unreasonable
野蠻／野蛮 ― yěmán ― uncivilised; rude and unreasonable
rash; hot-headed
valiantly; uncouthly; vulgarly
胡攪蠻纏／胡搅蛮缠 ― hújiǎománchán ― to pester somebody endlessly
(colloquial) very; quite
蠻好吃／蛮好吃 ― mán hǎochī ― pretty tasty

蠻好食／蛮好食 [Waxiang] ― [man¹³ xau²⁵ ʑiəɯ¹³] [IPA] ― pretty tasty

儂好𠲎？我蠻好。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
侬好𠲎？我蛮好。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
⁶non ⁵hau ⁰va ⁶ngu ¹me ⁵hau [Wugniu]
How are you? I'm very well.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:蠻.

Synonyms

(rash):

edit

倉磅 / 仓磅 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
倉莽 / 仓莽 (Xiamen Hokkien)
冒失 (màoshī)
冒昧 (màomèi) (humble, of oneself)
唐突 (tángtū)
愣
莽夫 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
莽撞 (mǎngzhuàng)
魯莽 / 鲁莽 (lǔmǎng)

(very):

Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		甚, 孔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		很, 非常, 十分
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	挺, 很, 倍兒, 怪
	Taiwan	很, 好, 非常, 超, 蠻, 超級
	Malaysia	很
	Singapore	很, 蠻, 非常
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	挺, 很, 傻, 老, 倍兒, 齁兒
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	挺, 楞
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	很
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	很, 好
	Chongqing	很
	Wuhan	蠻, 很
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	蠻, 稀, 很
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	很
Cantonese	Guangzhou	好, 非常之
	Hong Kong	好, 非常, 非常之, 超, 勁, 十分之, 無敵
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	好
	Taishan	好, 十分之
	Yangjiang	好
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	好
	Singapore (Guangfu)	好, 非常之, 非常
Gan	Nanchang	蠻
Hakka	Meixian	好, 刮, 已, 還, 異, 還 exclamation
	Huidong (Daling)	好
	Wuhua (Meilin)	好
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	頂
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	好
	Changting	野
	Wuping (Pingyu)	已, 刮
	Liancheng	樣
	Ninghua	好
	Ruijin	蠻
	Shicheng	蠻
	Shangyou (Shexi)	蠻
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	當, 已, 還
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	蓋, 盡, 還
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	當, 盡, 已, 還
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	當, 已, 還
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	當, 已, 還
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	足, 真, 實在
	Hong Kong	好
	Sabah (Bao'an)	好
	Kuching (Hepo)	很
	Singapore (Dabu)	好
Jin	Taiyuan	很, 挺
Northern Min	Jian'ou	盡
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	野, 真
	Singapore (Fuqing)	真
	Sitiawan (Gutian)	真
Southern Min	Xiamen	真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 非常, 真正, 設汰, 一
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	真
	Quanzhou	真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 設汰
	Jinjiang	野, 萬代
	Zhangzhou	盡, 蓋, 足, 足範, 有夠, 出奇, 極死, 見死, 死了了, 死人, 設汰, 設汰仔
	Zhao'an	很, 真, 死絕, 好, 非常
	Dongshan	真, 非常
	Taipei	真, 誠
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	真, 誠
	Kaohsiung	有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
	Yilan	有夠, 足, 誠, 盡
	Changhua (Lukang)	真, 誠
	Taichung	誠, 蓋, 足
	Tainan	有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
	Hsinchu	真, 誠
	Kinmen	足, 誠
	Penghu (Magong)	真, 誠
	Penang (Hokkien)	真, 誠, 真正
	Singapore (Hokkien)	真, 死爸, 真正, 誠, 足, 有夠
	Manila (Hokkien)	野, 真, 萬代, 真誠, 誠, 有夠
	Medan (Hokkien)	按呢, 真, 誠, 真正
	Chaozhou	過, 好, 非常, 死爸
	Shantou	過, 鐵, 好, 很, 死爸, 死絕
	Shantou (Chenghai)	好, 死絕
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	好, 非常
	Jieyang	過, 好, 死爸, 死絕
	Bangkok (Teochew)	好
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	好
	Singapore (Teochew)	真, 死爸, 非常
	Wenchang	極, 但顧, 真
	Haikou	但顧
	Qionghai	但顧, 真
	Singapore (Hainanese)	但顧, 真
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	好, 蠻
Wu	Shanghai	蠻, 老, 邪氣, 老老, 瞎, 絕, 十分, 十二萬分, 非常, 非常之, 畢, 畢畢, 來得, 來得個, 煞, 交關, 十二分 rare, 窮 dated, 野 dated, 邪 dated
	Suzhou	蠻, 窮
	Hangzhou	蠻, 交關, 木佬佬, 冒
	Ningbo	交關, 蠻, 堪, 𣍐好, 𣍐派, 甮派, 出格, 木牢牢 rare, 猛 rare
	Zhoushan	交關, 蠻, 猛, 堪, 出格, 木牢牢 rare
	Wenzhou	蠻, 蒙, 顯
Xiang	Changsha	很, 蠻
Xiang	Shuangfeng	蠻

Compounds

乃蠻 / 乃蛮
刁蠻 / 刁蛮 (diāomán)
南蠻 / 南蛮 (Nánmán)
南蠻子 / 南蛮子 (nánmánzi)
南蠻鴃舌 / 南蛮𫛞舌 (nánmánjuéshé)
小蠻 / 小蛮
拗蠻 / 拗蛮 (àomán)
橫蠻 / 横蛮 (hèngmán)
橫蠻無理 / 横蛮无理 (hèngmánwúlǐ)
獅蠻 / 狮蛮 (shīmán)
百蠻 / 百蛮
綿蠻 / 绵蛮 (miánmán)
胡攪蠻纏 / 胡搅蛮缠 (hújiǎománchán)
荊蠻 / 荆蛮 (Jīngmán)
蒲蠻 / 蒲蛮
蠻不講理 / 蛮不讲理 (mánbùjiǎnglǐ)
蠻人 / 蛮人 (mánrén)
蠻做 / 蛮做
蠻力 / 蛮力 (mánlì)
蠻口 / 蛮口
蠻夷 / 蛮夷 (mányí)
蠻夷戎狄 / 蛮夷戎狄 (mányí róngdí)
蠻奴 / 蛮奴
蠻子 / 蛮子 (mánzi)
蠻幹 / 蛮干 (mángàn)
蠻族 / 蛮族 (mánzú)
蠻書 / 蛮书
蠻橫 / 蛮横 (mánhèng)
蠻江 / 蛮江
蠻牋 / 蛮笺
蠻牛 / 蛮牛
蠻皮 / 蛮皮 (mánpí)
蠻箋 / 蛮笺
蠻纏 / 蛮缠 (mánchán)
蠻聲哈剌 / 蛮声哈剌
蠻腰 / 蛮腰
蠻荒 / 蛮荒 (mánhuāng)
蠻蠻 / 蛮蛮
蠻觸 / 蛮触
蠻觸之爭 / 蛮触之争
蠻觸相爭 / 蛮触相争
蠻話 / 蛮话
蠻貊 / 蛮貊
蠻針瞎灸 / 蛮针瞎灸 (mánzhēnxiājiǔ)
蠻靴 / 蛮靴
觸蠻 / 触蛮
野蠻 / 野蛮 (yěmán)

References

“蠻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “蛮”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 211.

Japanese

Shinjitai	蛮
Kyūjitai	蠻

Kanji

蠻

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 蛮)

barbarian

Readings

Go-on: めん (men)
Kan-on: ばん (ban)
Kun: えびす (ebisu)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 蠻 (MC maen).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	만 (Yale: màn)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
Text	*Gloss (hun)*	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527^[2]	되〯 (Yale: twǒy)	만 (Yale: màn)

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ma̠n]
Phonetic hangul: [만]

Hanja

Wikisource

蠻 (eumhun 오랑캐 만 (orangkae man))

hanja form^? of 만 (“barbarian”)

Compounds

남만 (南蠻, namman)
만이 (蠻夷, mani)
만인 (蠻人, manin)
만족 (蠻族, manjok)
만행 (蠻行, manhaeng)
야만 (野蠻, yaman)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

蠻: Hán Nôm readings: man, mán, mơn

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