粗
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Translingual
Han character
粗 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 火木月一 (FDBM), four-corner 97910, composition ⿰米且)
Derived characters
- 𪮩, 𫏝, 𬖼
Related characters
- 麤, 麄, 麁 (Variant forms)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 907, character 37
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26898
- Dae Jaweon: page 1333, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3144, character 13
- Unihan data for U+7C97
Chinese
| trad. | 粗 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 粗 | |
| alternative forms | 麤／粗 麄 麁 觕／粗 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 粗 |
|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series (且) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 虘 | *zaːl, *zaː |
| 蔖 | *zlaːl, *sʰaːʔ |
| 摣 | *rnaː, *ʔsraː |
| 袓 | *ʔsjaː, *zaʔ |
| 怚 | *ʔsjaː, *ʔsas, *zaʔ |
| 罝 | *ʔsjaː |
| 謯 | *ʔslja, *ʔsraːʔ |
| 姐 | *ʔsjaːʔ |
| 抯 | *ʔsljaːʔ, *ljaːʔ, *ʔsraː |
| 飷 | *ʔsjaːʔ |
| 且 | *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa |
| 趄 | *sʰjaːs, *sʰa |
| 笡 | *sʰjaːs |
| 查 | *ʔsraː, *zraː, *zraː |
| 柤 | *ʔsraː |
| 樝 | *ʔsraː |
| 皻 | *ʔsraː |
| 渣 | *ʔsraː |
| 楂 | *zraː |
| 苴 | *zraː, *ʔsa, *ʔsaʔ, *sʰa |
| 駔 | *ʔslaːŋʔ, *zaːʔ |
| 租 | *ʔsaː |
| 蒩 | *ʔsaː, *ʔsaːʔ, *sʰa |
| 祖 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 組 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 珇 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 靻 | *ʔsaːʔ |
| 粗 | *sʰaː, *zaːʔ |
| 徂 | *zaː |
| 殂 | *zaː |
| 麆 | *zaːʔ, *zras |
| 伹 | *zaːʔ, *sʰa |
| 蛆 | *ʔsa, *sʰa |
| 沮 | *ʔsa, *ʔsas, *sʰa, *zaʔ, *ʔsra |
| 咀 | *ʔsaʔ, *zaʔ |
| 疽 | *sʰa |
| 雎 | *sʰa |
| 狙 | *sʰa, *sʰas |
| 岨 | *sʰa |
| 砠 | *sʰa |
| 坥 | *sʰa, *sʰas |
| 刞 | *sʰas |
| 覰 | *sʰas |
| 覷 | *sʰas |
| 跙 | *zaʔ |
| 筯 | *das |
| 菹 | *ʔsra |
| 葅 | *ʔsra |
| 阻 | *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras |
| 俎 | *ʔsraʔ |
| 詛 | *ʔsraʔ, *ʔsras |
| 鉏 | *zra, *zraʔ |
| 豠 | *zra |
| 鋤 | *zra |
| 耡 | *zra, *zras |
| 齟 | *zraʔ |
| 助 | *zras |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *sʰaː, *zaːʔ): semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 且 (OC *sʰjaːʔ, *ʔsa).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ra (“hard, difficult”); cognate with Tibetan སྲ་མོ (sra mo, “hard”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): cu1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): cu1
- Northern Min (KCR): chú
- Eastern Min (BUC): chŭ
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cou1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1tshu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cou1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: cū
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄨ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cu
- Wade–Giles: tsʻu1
- Yale: tsū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsu
- Palladius: цу (cu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cou1
- Yale: chōu
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsou1
- Guangdong Romanization: cou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: tu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰu³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhû
- Hakka Romanization System: cuˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cu1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: ci1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰz̩⁴⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chú
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰu⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cou1
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cho
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔu⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: cou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔu⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho͘
- Tâi-lô: tshoo
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhof
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /t͡sʰɔ³³/
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /t͡sʰɔ⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cou1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshou
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
- Wu
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: dzuX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Nə-s.r̥ˤa/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaː/, /*zaːʔ/
Definitions
粗
Antonyms
- (antonym(s) of “coarse, thick”): (Cantonese) 幼 (jau3, “fine; thin”)
Compounds
- 亂頭粗服 / 乱头粗服
- 出粗
- 動粗 / 动粗 (dòngcū)
- 去粗取精 (qùcūqǔjīng)
- 大老粗 (dàlǎocū)
- 心粗氣浮 / 心粗气浮
- 心粗膽大 / 心粗胆大
- 才短氣粗 / 才短气粗
- 打粗
- 抱粗腿 (bào cūtuǐ)
- 拿粗挾細 / 拿粗挟细
- 挾細拿粗 / 挟细拿粗
- 氣粗 / 气粗
- 濁酒粗食 / 浊酒粗食 (zhuójiǔ cūshí)
- 粗中有細 / 粗中有细
- 粗人 (cūrén)
- 粗俗 (cūsú)
- 粗劣 (cūliè)
- 粗品
- 粗壯 / 粗壮 (cūzhuàng)
- 粗大 (cūdà)
- 粗夯 (cūbèn)
- 粗實 / 粗实
- 粗工
- 粗布 (cūbù)
- 粗心 (cūxīn)
- 粗心大意 (cūxīndàyì)
- 粗心浮氣 / 粗心浮气
- 粗忽
- 粗惡 / 粗恶
- 粗手粗腳 / 粗手粗脚
- 粗放農業 / 粗放农业
- 粗料
- 粗暴 (cūbào)
- 粗服亂頭 / 粗服乱头
- 粗枝大葉 / 粗枝大叶 (cūzhīdàyè)
- 粗樂 / 粗乐
- 粗活 (cūhuó)
- 粗淺 / 粗浅 (cūqiǎn)
- 粗滾滾 / 粗滚滚
- 粗獷 / 粗犷
- 粗率
- 粗略 (cūlüè)
- 粗畫 / 粗画
- 粗疏 (cūshū)
- 粗眉大眼
- 粗硬
- 粗笨 (cūbèn)
- 粗糙 (cūcāo)
- 粗糧 / 粗粮 (cūliáng)
- 粗糲 / 粗粝 (cūlì)
- 粗紗 / 粗纱
- 粗紡 / 粗纺
- 粗細 / 粗细 (cūxì)
- 粗線條 / 粗线条 (cūxiàntiáo)
- 粗聲厲語 / 粗声厉语
- 粗聲粗氣 / 粗声粗气 (cūshēngcūqì)
- 粗肋草 (cūlècǎo)
- 粗胚
- 粗茶淡飯 / 粗茶淡饭 (cūchádànfàn)
- 粗莽
- 粗衣劣食
- 粗衣惡食 / 粗衣恶食
- 粗衣淡飯 / 粗衣淡饭
- 粗衣糲食 / 粗衣粝食
- 粗製 / 粗制
- 粗製品 / 粗制品
- 粗製濫造 / 粗制滥造 (cūzhìlànzào)
- 粗言 (cūyán)
- 粗話 / 粗话 (cūhuà)
- 粗豪
- 粗賤 / 粗贱
- 粗躁
- 粗通
- 粗鄙 (cūbǐ)
- 粗重 (cūzhòng)
- 粗野 (cūyě)
- 粗陋 (cūlòu)
- 粗陶
- 粗面岩
- 粗風暴雨 / 粗风暴雨
- 粗食 (cūshí)
- 粗飯 / 粗饭
- 粗魯 / 粗鲁 (cūlǔ)
- 粗鹵 / 粗卤 (cūlǔ)
- 精粗
- 糲食粗衣 / 粝食粗衣
- 糲食粗餐 / 粝食粗餐
- 老粗 (lǎocū)
- 腰粗氣豪 / 腰粗气豪
- 財大氣粗 / 财大气粗 (cáidàqìcū)
References
- “粗”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
Kanji
粗
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Readings
Compounds
Korean
Hanja
粗 • (jo) (hangeul 조, revised jo, McCune–Reischauer cho, Yale co)
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Vietnamese
Han character
粗: Hán Nôm readings: thô, sồ, to, xồ
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