害

害 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十手十口 (JQJR) or 十手一口 (JQMR), four-corner 3060₁, composition ⿳宀丰口)

• 嗐, 搳, 㮫, 犗, 瞎, 磍, 縖(𬘻), 螛, 轄(辖), 鎋(𬭪)
• 割, 㪡, 㲅, 㝬, 豁, 鶷(𱊟)

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 286, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7165
• Dae Jaweon: page 565, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 929, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5BB3

Multiple theories:

• He Linyi (何琳儀): Ideogram (指事): a spear 𫲸 (now 𥎆) + a distinguishing mark 口.^[1][2]
• Li Xueqin (2012): Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声). The phonetic component is 𡩜 (xiàn).^[3]
• Guo Moruo (郭沫若),^[1] Dai Jiaxiang (戴家祥)^[2]: Pictogram (象形), ancient form of 蓋 ("lid; cover").
• Gao Hongying (高鴻纓): Jiajie (假借), original character of 桷, borrowed for sound, which was a pictogram (象形) of a house's rafters (see 舍).^[1]
• Chen Bingxin (陳秉新): Original form of 𠤳, written as ⿷𠥓⿴害五 in bronze inscriptions, which itself is an ancient way of writing the 胡 in 胡簋.^[1][2]
• Shuowen Jiezi: Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡaːds): semantic 宀 + semantic 口 + phonetic 丯 (OC *kreːds).

Cognate with 割 (OC *kaːd, “to cut”). See there for more.

害

1. to harm; to maim; to injure

   • 銅生鉎，害自身。 [Eastern Min, trad.]
     铜生𰽫，害自身。 [Eastern Min, simp.]

     Dè̤ng săng cĭng, hâi cê̤ṳ-sĭng. / [tøyŋ⁵³ saŋ⁵⁵ t͡siŋ⁵⁵ hɑi²⁴² t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)liŋ⁵⁵] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]

     Harm oneself (just like copper rusting).

2. to cause to do; to result in (something unfavourable)

   • 航班晚點了，害我多等了兩個小時。 [MSC, trad.]
     航班晚点了，害我多等了两个小时。 [MSC, simp.]

     Hángbān wǎndiǎn le, hài wǒ duō děng le liǎng ge xiǎoshí. [Pinyin]

     The flight was delayed, causing me to wait for another two hours.

3. to kill; to murder
4. to suffer from
5. to feel (an adverse sentiment)
6. harm; disaster; calamity
7. crucial point; vital point
8. harmful; injurious
9. (Southern Min) broken

• 益 (yì, “benefit”)
• 利 (lì, “benefit”)

害

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 曷 (hé, “why”)

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. (そこなう) damage, harm, injure
2. (あやめる) kill
3. (わざわい) disaster

• Go-on: がい (gai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: かい (kai)
• Kun: そこなう (sokonau, 害なう)^{←そこなふ (sokonafu, 害なふ, historical)}、そこなう (sokonau, 害う)^{←そこなふ (sokonafu, 害ふ, historical)}、そこねる (sokoneru, 害ねる)、あやめる (ayameru, 害める)、わざわい (wazawai, 害い)^{←わざはひ (wazafafi, 害ひ, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 害 (haj^H, “injury”).

• (Tokyo) がい [gáꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2][3]
• IPA^(key): [ɡa̠i]

害(がい) • (gai) 

1. injury, harm, damage

• 益(えき) (eki, “benefit”)
• 利(り) (ri, “benefit”)

害 (eumhun 해칠 해 (haechil hae))

1. hanja form^? of 해 (“harm”)

• 해충 (害蟲, haechung, “insect pest”)

害: Hán Nôm readings: hại

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.