kini

See also: Kini, -kini, kini-, and ki ni

Albanian

Verb

kini

  1. second-person plural imperative of kam

Bikol Central

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: ki‧ni
  • IPA(key): /kiˈni/ [kiˈn̪i]

Noun

kiní

  1. shudder, shake
    Synonym: takig
  2. tremble
    Synonyms: kibig, kubog

Derived terms

Cebuano

Etymology 1

From Western Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *-ni.[1] The initial "k(a/i)-" is a common feature among demonstratives: kiri (“this”), kana (“that”), and kadto (“that”). Related to dinhi (“here”), kanhi (“in former times”), nganhi (“hither”), and anhi (“to come”), in a similar pattern with other Cebuano demonstrative pronouns. Compare Hiligaynon ini, Malay ini.

Alternative forms

  • kani
  • ni — short form, only used mid-sentence

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kiˈni/ [kɪˈn̪i]
  • Hyphenation: ki‧ni

Adverb

kiní

  1. this (near where the speaker and the listener are)
Usage notes
  • kani is the form most commonly used by speakers, while kini may come off as old-fashioned and literary.
  • In colloquial usage, the nuances of kiri (“this near me”) and kini (“this near us”) have become blurred, such that both are used interchangeably.

See also

Cebuano demonstrative pronouns
direct* indirect* oblique locative allative existential** interjection** manner**
full short full short full short full short full short
near speaker*** karí
kirí 		ri niari
niiri 		ari
iri 		kan-ari†
kan-iri† 		dirí ngarí adia dia diará dará ingon ari Ø
near speaker
and listener*** 		kaní
kiní 		ni niani
niini 		ani
ini 		kan-ani†
kan-ini† 		dinhi nganhi ania nia niará Ø ingon ani ing-ani
in-ani
near listener kanâ nà nianà anà kan-anà† dinhà
dirâ 		nganhà
ngarâ 		anaa naa naará nará ingon anà ing-anà
in-anà
remote kadto
kató 		to niadto
niato 		adto
ato 		kan-adto† didto ngadto atua tua tuará turá ingon adto
ingon ato 		ing-ato
in-ato

† Archaic
* When the demonstrative is used as a predicate, the full form must be used. Short forms never start sentences.
** Full and short forms used interchangeably. Full forms may be more formal, while short forms may be more colloquial.
*** These two series may be conflated in colloquial Cebuano.

Etymology 2

Compare Waray-Waray kini.

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈkini/ [ˈki.n̪ɪ]

  • Hyphenation: ki‧ni

Noun

kini

  1. the live sharksucker (Echeneis naucrates)
    Synonym: kumi

References

  1. ^ Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*-ni”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Hawaiian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Eastern Polynesian *tini.[1]

Noun

kini

  1. a multitude

Number

kini

  1. forty thousand

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English king.[1]

Noun

kini

  1. a king, as in cards

Etymology 3

Borrowed from English kin.[1]

Noun

kini

  1. kin, relative

Etymology 4

Borrowed from English gin.[1]

Noun

kini

  1. gin (alcoholic beverage)

Etymology 5

Borrowed from English tin.[1]

Noun

kini

  1. tin
  2. a tin can or pail

Etymology 6

Possibly borrowed from English tin.[1] However, there is no such term included in online marble glossaries.[2][3][4]

Noun

kini

  1. the best marble in a game of marbles

Etymology 7

borrowed from English zinc.[1]

Noun

kini

  1. zinc

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “kini”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, entry at Wehewehe.org here
  2. ^ A Glossary of Marble Players' Terms, http://www.americantoymarbles.com/glossary.htm
  3. ^ Marble Terminology, https://web.archive.org/web/20221115212718/http://www.dougsmithart.com/wordpress_site2/marble-terminology/
  4. ^ Streetplay.com Marbles Glossary, http://www.streetplay.com/thegames/marbles/marbleglossary.shtml

Iban

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ki.niə]
  • Rhymes: -ni
  • Hyphenation: ki‧ni

Adverb

kini

  1. (interrogative) to where

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay kini. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

Adjective

kini (comparative lebih kini, superlative paling kini)

  1. current, present
    Synonym: sekarang

Adverb

kini

  1. now, today

Derived terms

Further reading

Jamamadí

Adjective

kini

  1. (Banawá) green

References

Japanese

Romanization

kini

  1. Rōmaji transcription of きに

Javanese

Etymology

Clipping of kien ki

Determiner

kini

  1. (Cirebon) this, these

Malay

Etymology

ke +‎ ini

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kini/
  • Rhymes: -ini, -ni
  • Rhymes: -i

Adjective

kini (Jawi spelling کيني)

  1. present, current
    masa kini
    the present time

Adverb

kini (Jawi spelling کيني)

  1. now, today
    kini terdapat di kedai yang berdekatan
    now available in your nearest store

Synonyms

Further reading

Maori

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *kinit (compare with Hawaiian ʻiniki “to pinch, to nip; to be sharp and piercing [intransitive]”, and ʻiniʻini “to pinch [transitive]”) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kinit.[1][2]

Compare with Malay cubit for similar broadening as “pinchable amount”.

Verb

kini (passive kinia or kinihia)

  1. to pinch, to nip (with fingers, claws etc)
    1. to pinch off

Noun

kini

  1. pinch (amount)
Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “kini.1”, in “POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online”, in Oceanic Linguistics, volume 50, number 2, pages 551-559
  2. ^ Ross, Malcolm D., Pawley, Andrew, Osmond, Meredith (1998) The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volume 1: Material Culture, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, page 280

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English guinea.

Noun

kini

  1. guinea (a coin)

Further reading

  • Williams, Herbert William (1917) “kini”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 139
  • “kini” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Naga Pidgin

Etymology

Derived from Assamese কিনা (kina).

Verb

kini

  1. buy

To'abaita

Noun

kini

  1. woman

References

  • Frantisek Lichtenberk, A Grammar of Toqabaqita

Yoruba

Etymology

From kí (“to greet”) +‎ ẹni (“a person”)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kí.nĩ̄/

Verb

kíni

  1. to greet someone

Derived terms

  • ìkíni (“greeting”)
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