霜降
Chinese
| frost | to drop; to fall; to come down to drop; to fall; to come down; to descend; to surrender | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (霜降) | 霜 | 降 | |
| simp. #(霜降) | 霜 | 降 | |
| anagram | 降霜 | ||
| Literally: “descent of frost”. | |||
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): Suang1 jiang4
- Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng1 gong3
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'song1 gong4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): suon1 jion3
- Northern Min (KCR): Sóng-go̿ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): Sŏng-góng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sung1 gang4 / sng1 gang4
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1saon-kaon
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): xyan1 jian4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: Shuāngjiàng
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄤ ㄐㄧㄤˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Shuangjiàng
- Wade–Giles: Shuang1-chiang4
- Yale: Shwāng-jyàng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shuangjianq
- Palladius: Шуанцзян (Šuanczjan)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: Suang1 jiang4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: Suong giang
- Sinological IPA (key): /suaŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiaŋ²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: soeng1 gong3
- Yale: sēung gong
- Cantonese Pinyin: soeng1 gong3
- Guangdong Romanization: sêng1 gong3
- Sinological IPA (key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Sông-kong
- Hakka Romanization System: songˊ gong
- Hagfa Pinyim: song1 gong4
- Sinological IPA: /soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: songˋ gongˇ
- Sinological IPA: /soŋ⁵³ koŋ¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: song1 gong4
- Sinological IPA: /sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kɔŋ⁵³/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Sóng-go̿ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɔŋ⁵⁴ kɔŋ³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sung1 gang4 [Phonetic: sung2 ngang4]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Sng-ga̍ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬuŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ (k-)ŋaŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sng1 gang4 [Phonetic: sng2 ngang4]
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬŋ̍⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ (k-)ŋaŋ⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sung1 gang4 [Phonetic: sung2 gang4]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: Sng-ga̍ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬuŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ kaŋ⁴²/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: sng1 gang4 [Phonetic: sng2 gang4]
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬŋ̍⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ kaŋ⁴²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sng-kàng
- Tâi-lô: Sng-kàng
- Phofsit Daibuun: sngkaxng
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ²¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ²¹/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sŋ̍³³ kaŋ⁴¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /sŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ¹¹/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Song-kàng
- Tâi-lô: Song-kàng
- Phofsit Daibuun: songkaxng
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ²¹/
- IPA (Taipei): /sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ¹¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sang1 gang3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sang kàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /saŋ³³⁻²³ kaŋ²¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- Xiang
Proper noun
霜降
- The 18th of the 24 solar terms around 23 or 24 October, when hoarfrost descends and is likely to bring the first film of ice
Synonyms
- (Ürümqi Mandarin) 打霜
Derived terms
- 霜降雨
Descendants
See also
- 二十四節氣/二十四节气 (Èrshísì Jiéqì, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
- Spring: 立春 (Lìchūn)、雨水 (yǔshuǐ)、驚蟄/惊蛰 (Jīngzhé)、春分 (Chūnfēn)、清明 (qīngmíng)、穀雨/谷雨 (Gǔyǔ)
- Summer: 立夏 (Lìxià)、小滿/小满 (Xiǎomǎn)、芒種/芒种 (mángzhòng)、夏至 (xiàzhì)、小暑 (Xiǎoshǔ)、大暑 (Dàshǔ)
- Autumn: 立秋 (Lìqiū)、處暑/处暑 (Chǔshǔ)、白露 (báilù)、秋分 (Qiūfēn)、寒露 (Hánlù)、霜降 (Shuāngjiàng)
- Winter: 立冬 (Lìdōng)、小雪 (xiǎoxuě)、大雪 (dàxuě)、冬至 (dōngzhì)、小寒 (Xiǎohán)、大寒 (Dàhán)
Japanese
Pronunciation 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 霜 | 降 |
| そう Grade: S |
こう Grade: 6 |
| on'yomi | |
Proper noun
霜降 • (Sōkō)
- “descent of frost” (one of twenty-four solar terms)
Related terms
- 二十四節気 (Nijūshi Sekki, “The twenty-four solar terms”):
- Spring: 立春 (Risshun), 雨水 (Usui), 啓蟄 (Keichitsu), 春分 (Shunbun), 清明 (Seimei), 穀雨 (Kokuu)
- Summer: 立夏 (Rikka), 小満 (Shōman), 芒種 (Bōshu), 夏至 (Geshi), 小暑 (Shōsho), 大暑 (Taisho)
- Autumn: 立秋 (Risshū), 処暑 (Shosho), 白露 (Hakuro), 秋分 (Shūbun), 寒露 (Kanro), 霜降 (Sōkō)
- Winter: 立冬 (Rittō), 小雪 (Shōsetsu), 大雪 (Taisetsu), 冬至 (Tōji), 小寒 (Shōkan), 大寒 (Daikan)
Pronunciation 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 霜 | 降 |
| しも Grade: S |
ふ(り) Grade: 6 |
| kun'yomi | |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 霜降 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 霜降, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 霜 | 降 |
Noun
霜降 • (sanggang) (hangeul 상강)
- hanja form? of 상강
Vietnamese
| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 霜 | 降 |
Noun
霜降
- chữ Hán form of sương giáng