炮

See also: 砲
炮 U+70AE, 炮
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-70AE
← 炭
[U+70AD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 炯 →
[U+70AF]

Translingual

Han character

炮 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 火心口山 (FPRU), four-corner 97812, composition ⿰火包)

Derived characters

  • 𪺃, 𬋗, 𬋚

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 668, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18954
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1078, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2196, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+70AE

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 炮
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
袍 *buː
袌 *buː, *buːs
軳 *buː
抱 *buːʔ
勽 *buːs, *mɯnʔ
菢 *buːs
勹 *pruː
包 *pruː
胞 *pruː, *pʰruː
苞 *pruː
枹 *pruː, *bu, *bu
飽 *pruːʔ
泡 *pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː
炮 *pʰruːs, *bruː
皰 *pʰruːs, *bruːs
疱 *pʰruːs, *bruːs
跑 *bruː, *bruːɡ
咆 *bruː
庖 *bruː
匏 *bruː
刨 *bruː
狍 *bruː
炰 *bruː
鉋 *bruː, *bruːs
瓟 *bruː, *bruːɡ
颮 *bruː, *pʰruːɡ
鞄 *bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ
鮑 *bruːʔ
骲 *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ
玸 *bu
雹 *bruːɡ
窇 *bruːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰruːs, *bruː): semantic 火 + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).

Etymology 1

trad. 炮/砲
simp. 炮
alternative forms 礮
礟

Pronunciation

Note: phauh - "firecracker".
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 炮
Mandarin Beijing /pʰɑu⁵¹/
Harbin /pʰau⁵³/
Tianjin /pʰɑu⁵³/
Jinan /pʰɔ²¹/
Qingdao /pʰɔ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pʰau³¹²/
Xi'an /pʰau⁴⁴/
Xining /pʰɔ²¹³/
Yinchuan /pʰɔ¹³/
Lanzhou /pʰɔ¹³/
Ürümqi /pʰɔ²¹³/
Wuhan /pʰau³⁵/
Chengdu /pʰau¹³/
Guiyang /pʰao²¹³/
Kunming /pʰɔ²¹²/
Nanjing /pʰɔo⁴⁴/
Hefei /pʰɔ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /pʰau⁴⁵/
Pingyao /pʰɔ³⁵/
Hohhot /pʰɔ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /pʰɔ³⁵/
Suzhou /pʰæ⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /pʰɔ⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /pʰuɔ⁴²/
Hui Shexian /pʰɔ³²⁴/
/pʰo³²⁴/
Tunxi /pʰo⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /pʰau⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /pʰaɯ⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /pʰɑu²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /pʰau⁵³/
Taoyuan /pʰɑu⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰau³³/
Nanning /pʰau³³/
Hong Kong /pʰau³³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pʰau²¹/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pʰɑu²¹²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pʰau³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /pʰau²¹³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /fau³⁵/
Rime
Character 炮
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 匹皃切
Baxter phaewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰˠauH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰᵚauH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰauH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰaɨwH/
Li
Rong 		/pʰauH/
Wang
Li 		/pʰauH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pʰauH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		pào
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		paau3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 炮
Reading # 1/2
No. 280
Phonetic
component 		勹
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		奅
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰruːs/

Definitions

炮

  1. large gun; cannon; artillery
  2. firecracker
  3. (Cantonese, colloquial) gun (Classifier: 支 c; 條／条 c; 轆／辘 c)
  4. (xiangqi) cannon: 🩥 (on the red side)
    Synonym: 🩬
  5. (Quanzhou Hokkien) to talk big
Usage notes
  • (Chinese chess): This character is usually only used on the red side, but it may also be used for both sides in some sets. The same piece on the black side is often written as 砲 or 包.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 槍 (“gun; firearm”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 槍, 槍械, 槍支
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 槍
Taiwan 槍
Chifeng 槍
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 槍
Harbin 槍
Shenyang 槍
Singapore 槍
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 槍
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 槍
Tangshan 槍
Cangzhou 槍
Baoding 槍
Shijiazhuang 槍
Jinan 槍
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 槍
Qingdao 槍
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 槍
Wanrong 槍
Zhengzhou 槍
Xi'an 槍
Xining 槍
Xuzhou 槍
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 槍
Lanzhou 槍
Ürümqi 槍
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 槍
Chongqing 槍
Wuhan 槍
Guiyang 槍
Kunming 槍
Guilin 槍
Liuzhou 槍
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 槍
Yangzhou 槍
Nantong 槍
Hefei 槍
Cantonese Guangzhou 槍
Hong Kong 槍, 炮, 鐵
Taishan 槍
Dongguan 槍
Singapore (Guangfu) 槍
Gan Lichuan 槍
Pingxiang 槍
Hakka Meixian 槍
Yudu 槍
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 銃仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 銃仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 銃仔
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 銃
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 銃
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 銃
Huizhou Jixi 槍
Shexian 槍
Jin Taiyuan 槍
Xinzhou 槍
Linhe 槍
Jining 槍
Hohhot 槍
Zhangjiakou 槍
Handan 槍
Eastern Min Fuzhou 槍, 銃
Matsu 槍
Southern Min Xiamen 銃, 銃支
Quanzhou 銃, 銃支
Jinjiang 銃
Zhangzhou 銃, 銃支
Zhangpu 銃
Tainan 銃
Penang (Hokkien) 銃
Singapore (Hokkien) 銃, 銃支
Manila (Hokkien) 銃
Shantou 槍
Jieyang 銃, 槍
Haikou 槍
Puxian Min Putian 銃
Xianyou 銃
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 槍
Wu Shanghai 槍
Shanghai (Chongming) 槍
Suzhou 槍
Danyang 槍
Hangzhou 槍
Jinhua 槍
Xiang Changsha 槍
Loudi 槍
Dialectal synonyms of 鞭炮 (“firecrackers”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 鞭炮, 爆竹, 爆仗, 炮仗
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 炮仗, 炮, 炮銃
Taiwan 鞭炮, 爆竹
Harbin 炮仗
Singapore 鞭炮
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 爆仗
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 鞭炮, 炮仗
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 鞭炮
Xi'an 炮, 鞭炮
Xining 炮仗
Xuzhou 鞭炮
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 鞭炮
Ürümqi 炮仗子
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 火炮兒, 爆竹, 鞭炮
Wuhan 炮中, 鞭炮
Guiyang 炮仗
Kunming 炮仗
Liuzhou 炮仗
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 炮仗
Yangzhou 炮仗
Hefei 炮仗
Cantonese Guangzhou 炮仗
Hong Kong 炮仗
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 炮仗, 連排
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 連排
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 爆仗
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 爆仗
Macau 炮仗
Guangzhou (Panyu) 炮仗
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 炮仗
Guangzhou (Conghua) 炮仗
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 炮仗
Foshan 炮仗
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 炮上
Foshan (Shunde) 炮仗
Foshan (Sanshui) 炮仗
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 炮仗
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 炮仗
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 炮仗
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 炮仗
Zhuhai (Doumen) 炮仗
Jiangmen (Baisha) 炮仗
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 炮仗
Taishan 炮仗
Kaiping (Chikan) 炮仗
Enping (Niujiang) 炮仗
Heshan (Yayao) 炮仗
Dongguan 炮仗
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 炮仗
Qingyuan 炮仗
Fogang 炮仗
Yingde (Hanguang) 炮仗
Yangshan 紙炮
Lianshan (Butian) 紙炮
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 紙炮
Shaoguan 炮仗
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 炮仗
Renhua 炮仗
Lechang 炮仗
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 炮仗
Sihui 炮仗
Guangning 炮仗
Deqing 炮仗
Huaiji 炮仗
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 炮仗
Yunfu 炮仗
Xinxing 炮仗
Luoding 炮仗
Yunan (Pingtai) 炮仗
Yangjiang 炮仗
Danzhou 炮仗
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 炮仗
Singapore (Guangfu) 炮仗
Yangon (Taishan) 炮仗
Mandalay (Taishan) 炮仗
Gan Nanchang 爆竹
Lichuan 炮竹
Pingxiang 爆竹
Hakka Meixian 紙炮仔, 紙炮
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 炮仗
Dongguan (Qingxi) 炮仗
Boluo (Bendihua) 炮仗
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 炮仗
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 紙炮
Heyuan (Bendihua) 紙炮, 火炮
Longchuan (Tuocheng; Bendihua) 炮仗, 紙炮
Heping (Linzhai; Bendihua) 炮仗, 紙炮
Lianping (Longjie; Bendihua) 紙炮
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 鞭炮
Changting 炮仗
Yudu 鞭炮, 爆竹
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 爆竹, 紙炮, 紙炮仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 爆竹, 紙炮
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 爆竹, 紙炮
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 爆竹, 紙炮
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 爆竹, 紙炮
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 爆竹, 炮
Hong Kong 爆仗
Senai (Huiyang) 炮仗
Huizhou Jixi 爆竹
Jin Taiyuan 炮仗, 炮, 鞭炮
Northern Min Jian'ou 爆仗, 百仗
Eastern Min Fuzhou 炮仗, 炮
Southern Min Xiamen 炮仔, 炮
Quanzhou 炮仔, 炮
Zhangzhou 炮仔, 炮
Taipei 炮仔, 炮
Kaohsiung 炮仔, 炮
Penang (Hokkien) 炮
Singapore (Hokkien) 炮
Chaozhou 碰鰾
Shantou 碰鰾
Shantou (Chenghai) 碰鰾
Shantou (Chaoyang) 碰鰾
Jieyang 碰鰾
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 碰鰾
Singapore (Teochew) 碰鰾
Leizhou 炮仗, 炮仔
Wenchang 炮仗
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 炮竹
Wu Shanghai 炮仗, 鞭炮
Suzhou 炮仗
Danyang 炮仗
Hangzhou 炮仗
Ningbo 炮仗
Wenzhou 炮仗
Jinhua 炮仗
Xiang Changsha 炮竹, 鞭子
Loudi 爆竹子
Shuangfeng 爆竹
Coordinate terms

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (砲 / 炮):
  • → Japanese: 砲(ほう) (hō)
  • → Korean: 포(砲) (po)
  • → Vietnamese: pháo (砲)

Others:

  • → Tuvan: боо (boo)
  • Mongolic:
  • Tungusic:
    • → Manchu: ᡦᠣᠣ (poo)
    • → Nanai: пао (pao)
    • → Orok: пау (pau)
    • → Ulch: пау
  • → Nivkh: пʼау (pʼau)

Etymology 2

trad. 炮
simp. # 炮

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 炮
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 薄交切
Baxter baew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bˠau/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bᵚau/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bau/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/baɨw/
Li
Rong 		/bau/
Wang
Li 		/bau/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/bʱau/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		páo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		paau4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 炮
Reading # 2/2
No. 286
Phonetic
component 		勹
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		庖
Old
Chinese 		/*bruː/

Definitions

炮

  1. (historical) to wrap hirsute meat with mud and roast it on fire
  2. (by extension) to roast; to burn
  3. (traditional Chinese medicine) to prepare herbal medicine by roasting or parching
  4. alternative form of 庖 (páo, “chef”)

Compounds

Etymology 3

trad. 炮
simp. # 炮

Pronunciation

Definitions

炮

  1. (cooking) to quick-fry (meat); to sauté
  2. to dry by heat

Compounds

  • 炮羊肚

References

  • “炮”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long], 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu], 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying], 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019) “炮（枪～）”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 177.

Japanese

Kanji

炮

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. sear
  2. roast, burn

Readings

  • Go-on: ひょう (hyō)←へう (feu, historical)、びょう (byō)←べう (beu, historical)
  • Kan-on: ほう (hō)←はう (fau, historical)
  • Kun: あぶる (aburu, 炮る)

Korean

Hanja

炮 • (po) (hangeul 포)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

炮: Hán Nôm readings: pháo, than, bác, bào

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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