m'

See also: Appendix:Variations of "m"

English

Pronoun

m'

  1. (archaic) Clitic form of my.
  2. (poetic, rare) Prevocalic form of my.

Derived terms

Catalan

Pronoun

m'

  1. contraction of em

Usage notes

  • m' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel.
    M'avorreixo. ― I'm bored.

Declension

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
singular 1st
person 		standard jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd
person 		standard tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd
person 		m ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
f ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
n ho -ho li -li seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd
person 		standard vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd
person 		m ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
f elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi

1 Behaves grammatically as plural.   2 Behaves grammatically as third person.
3 Only as object of a preposition.   4 Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

Franco-Provençal

Pronoun

m' (ORB, broad)

  1. Prevocalic clipping of mè

French

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /m‿/
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

m'

  1. prevocalic form of me
    Je m'appelle Marcel. — I'm called Marcel.
  2. (in certain contexts) prevocalic form of moi
    Donne-m'en deux. — Give me two.
French personal pronouns
number person gender nominative
(subject) 		accusative
(direct complement) 		dative
(indirect complement) 		locative
(at) 		genitive
(of) 		disjunctive
(tonic)1 		emphatic
reflexive 		relative proximal distal
singular first — je, j’ me, m’ — — moi moi-même —
second — tu te, t’ — — toi toi-même —
third masculine il2 le, l’ lui y en lui lui-même celui celui-ci celui-là
feminine elle la, l’ elle elle-même celle celle-ci celle-là
indeterminate on3, l’on (formal), ce4, c’, ça — — — — — — ce ceci cela, ça
reflexive — se, s’5 — — soi soi-même —
plural first — nous nous — — nous nous-mêmes —
second6 — vous vous — — vous vous-mêmes,
vous-même6 		—
third masculine ils7 les leur y en eux7 eux-mêmes7 ceux ceux-ci ceux-là
feminine elles elles elles-mêmes celles celles-ci celles-là

1 The disjunctive (tonic) forms are also used after an explicit preposition (de/d‘, à, pour, chez, dans, vers, sur, sous, ...), instead the accusative, dative, genitive, locative, or reflexive forms, where a preposition is implied.
2 Il is also used as an impersonal nominative-only pronoun.
3 On can also function as a first person plural (although agreeing with third person singular verb forms).
4 The nominal indeterminate form ce (demonstrative) can also be used with the auxiliary verb être as a plural, instead of the proximal or distal gendered forms.
5 The reflexive third person singular forms (se or s’) for accusative or dative are also used as third person plural reflexive.
6 Vous is also used as the polite singular form, in which case the plural disjunctive tonic vous-mêmes becomes singular vous-même.
7 Ils, eux and eux-mêmes are also used when a group has a mixture of masculine and feminine members.

Further reading

Haitian Creole

Etymology

Contraction of mwen, from French moi.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

m'

  1. alternative spelling of m; contraction of mwen

Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mˠ/ (before a word starting with a, o, u, fha, fho, or fhu)
  • IPA(key): /mʲ/ (before a word starting with e, i, fhe, or fhi)

Determiner

m' (triggers lenition of a following noun)

  1. apocopic form of mo

See also

Irish personal pronouns
person conjunctive
(emphatic) 		disjunctive
(emphatic) 		possessive
determiner
singular first mé
(mise) 		mo L
m' before vowel sounds
second tú
(tusa)1 		thú
(thusa) 		do L
d' before vowel sounds
third m sé
(seisean) 		é
(eisean) 		a L
f sí
(sise) 		í
(ise) 		a H
n — ea —
plural first muid, sinn
(muidne, muide), (sinne) 		ár E
second sibh
(sibhse)1 		bhur E
third siad
(siadsan) 		iad
(iadsan) 		a E

L Triggers lenition   E Triggers eclipsis   H Triggers h-prothesis

1 Also used as the vocative

The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun.
For instance, "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

Italian

Pronoun

m' (apocopated)

  1. apocopic form of mi

Usage notes

Commonly elides before a vowel, especially i and e.

See also

Italian personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Reflexive Accusative Dative Combined Disjunctive Locative Partitive
Singular first — io mi, m', -mi me me —
second — tu ti, t', -ti te te
third m lui si2, s', -si lo, l', -lo gli, -gli glie, se2 lui, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f lei, Lei1 la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 lei, Lei1, sé
Plural first — noi ci, c', -ci ce noi —
second — voi, Voi4 vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 ve voi, Voi4
third m loro, Loro1 si, s', -si li, Li1, -li, -Li1 gli, -gli, loro (formal),
Loro1 		glie, se loro, Loro1, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f le, Le1, -le, -Le1
1 Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
2 Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
3 Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language.
4 Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).

Louisiana Creole

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /m‿/

Pronoun

m'

  1. prevocalic form of mo (“I”)
    M'ap bwa labyèr. ― I'm drinking beer.

Middle French

Pronoun

m' (apocopate)

  1. (before vowel sound) apocopic form of me

Usage notes

  • The apostrophe may be omitted in older manuscripts
    il menvoia ― he sent me

Old French

Pronoun

m'

  1. prevocalic form of me (“me, myself”)
  2. prevocalic form of mon, ma (“my, mine”)
    • 13th century, Herman de Valenciennes, Assomption Nostre Dame, page 7, column 2, lines 16–17:
      ceo sacez m'amie tuit cil que te requerunt
      a tun commandement merci auvrunt
      this you know, my friend, that all those who are looking for you
      upon your command will have mercy

Old Irish

Pronunciation

Determiner

m' (triggers lenition of a following noun)

  1. apocopic form of mo

Sassarese

Pronoun

m'

  1. apocopic form of mi, used before a vowel

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /m/

Determiner

m'

  1. apocopic form of mo

See also

Scottish Gaelic possessive determiners
singular plural
+ C + V + C + V
first person moL m' ar arN
second person doL d' ur urN
third person m aL — an, am1 an
f a aH

L Triggers lenition; H Triggers H-prothesis; N Triggers eclipsis
1 Used before b-, f-, m- or p-

References

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