驚

See also: 惊

驚	U+9A5A, 驚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9A5A

← 驙
[U+9A59]

CJK Unified Ideographs

驛 →
[U+9A5B]

Translingual

Han character

驚 (Kangxi radical 187, 馬+12, 22 strokes, cangjie input 廿大尸手火 (TKSQF), four-corner 4832₇, composition ⿱敬馬)

Descendants

惊 (Simplified Chinese)

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 1446, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45013
Dae Jaweon: page 1970, character 18
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4576, character 6
Unihan data for U+9A5A

Chinese

trad.		驚
simp.		惊^*

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 驚
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (敬) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
蟼	kraː, kreŋ, *kreŋʔ
憼	kaŋʔ, kreŋʔ
驚	*kreŋ
警	*kreŋʔ
儆	kreŋʔ, ɡreŋs
璥	*keŋʔ
檠	kreŋʔ, ɡreŋ, *ɡreŋs
敬	*kreŋs
擎	*ɡreŋ
曔	*ɡreŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kreŋ): phonetic 敬 (OC *kreŋs) + semantic 馬, as horses are skittish (easily startled and frightened). However, the phonetic component depicts either a dog sitting or a man kneeling and a hand holding a stick to express authority, hence it adds part of the meaning.

Etymology 1

Compare Old Khmer kreṅa (“to fear”), whence Khmer ក្រែង (kraeng, “to fear”), Thai เกรง (greeng, “to fear; to worry”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Within Chinese, cognate with 敬 (OC *kreŋs, “to be respectful; to warn”), 警 (OC *kreŋʔ, “to warn; to be on one's guard”) (Schuessler, 2007). A possible vocalic variant is 兢 (jīng, “to be cautious”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīng (jing¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): geng¹ / ging¹

(Dongguan, Jyutping++): geang¹ / goeng¹

(Taishan, Wiktionary): giang¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kiâng

(Hailu, HRS): giang^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): giang¹
Jin (Wiktionary): jing¹
Eastern Min (BUC): giăng / gĭng
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gia¹ / giann¹ / ging¹
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kiaⁿ / keⁿ / kiⁿ / keng

(Teochew, Peng'im): gian¹

(Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): gia¹ / ging¹
Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): gang¹
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ¹cin
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): jin¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīng
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jing
  - Wade–Giles: ching¹
  - Yale: jīng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jing
  - Palladius: цзин (czin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: geng¹ / ging¹
  - Yale: gēng / gīng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: geng¹ / ging¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: géng¹ / ging¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛːŋ⁵⁵/, /kɪŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

geng1 - vernacular;
ging1 - literary.

(Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: geang¹ / goeng¹
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /kəŋ²¹³/, /køŋ²¹³/
(Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: giang¹
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiaŋ³³/

Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiâng
  - Hakka Romanization System: giang^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: giang¹
  - Sinological IPA: /ki̯aŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: giang^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /kiaŋ⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: giang¹
  - Sinological IPA: /kiaŋ⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jing¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕiŋ¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: giăng / gĭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiaŋ⁵⁵/, /kiŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

giăng - vernacular;
gĭng - literary.

Puxian Min
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: gia¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: giaⁿ
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kia⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: giann¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kĩã⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ging¹
  - Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ging
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: ging¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiŋ⁵⁴⁴/

Note:

gia1/giann1 - vernacular;
ging1 - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kiann
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kviaf
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiã³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiã⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kenn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvef
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kẽ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: kinn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kvy
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /kĩ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng
  - Tâi-lô: king
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kefng
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³/

Note:

kiaⁿ - vernacular;
keⁿ/kiⁿ - vernacular (limited use, e.g. 驚蟄);
keng - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: gian¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiaⁿ
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /kĩã³³/
(Leizhou)
- Leizhou Pinyin: gia¹ / ging¹
- Sinological IPA: /kia³⁵/, /kiŋ³⁵/

Note:

gia1 - vernacular;
ging1 - literary.

Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
  - Jyutping++: gang¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kəŋ⁵³/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Kunshan, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
  - Wugniu: ¹cin
  - MiniDict: cin^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jin
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕin⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /ciŋ⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡ɕin⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
  - Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡ɕin⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡ɕin³³⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵²/
  - Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵²/
  - Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: jin¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin³³/

Middle Chinese: kjaeng

Rime
Character	驚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	舉卿切
Baxter	kjaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kiaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kiajŋ/
Li Rong	/kiɐŋ/
Wang Li	/kĭɐŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ki̯ɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ging¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*kreŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*kreŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	驚
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjæng ›
Old Chinese	/*kreŋ/
English	be afraid
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	驚
Reading #	1/1
No.	6877
Phonetic component	敬
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*kreŋ/

Definitions

驚

to fear; to be afraid
驚咩啫？／惊咩啫？ [Cantonese] ― geng¹ me¹ ze¹? [Jyutping] ― What are you afraid of? What is there to be afraid of?
(of a horse etc.) to be startled; to be shy
to frighten; to scare
scary; frightening
fearfully; I'm afraid that ...

Synonyms

(to fear):

Dialectal synonyms of 害怕 (“to fear; to be afraid of”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		懼, 畏, 恐, 怯, 驚, 惶, 悚, 懾, 恇
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		害怕, 懼怕, 畏懼
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	害怕, 怕
	Taiwan	害怕, 怕
	Harbin	害怕, 發毛
	Malaysia	怕
	Singapore	怕, 害怕
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	害怕, 怕, 打怵
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	害怕, 怵
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	害怕, 怕
	Wanrong	驚
	Xi'an	害怕, 怕, 怯火
	Xuzhou	嫌怕, 打怵
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	害怕, 嚇
	Lanzhou	害怕, 怯, 怯乎, 怯豁
	Ürümqi	害怕
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	害怕, 怕, 虛火, 虛
	Wuhan	嚇不過, 怕
	Guiyang	害怕, 怕
	Kunming	害怕
	Guilin	怕
	Liuzhou	慌
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	嚇怕, 怕
	Yangzhou	害怕, 怕, 怕懼, 懼乎
	Hefei	怕
Cantonese	Guangzhou	驚, 怕, 慌, 窒
	Hong Kong	驚, 怕, 慌
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	狂
	Macau	驚
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	驚
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	慌
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	驚
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	好怕
	Foshan	驚, 窒
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	慌, 怕
	Foshan (Shunde)	慌
	Foshan (Sanshui)	慌
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	慌
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	驚
	Zhongshan (Huancheng)	驚
	Zhongshan (Nanlang)	驚
	Zhongshan (Xiaolan)	慌
	Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan)	慌
	Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan)	慌
	Zhongshan (Henglan)	慌
	Zhongshan (Dongfeng)	慌
	Zhongshan (Nantou)	慌
	Zhongshan (Fusha)	慌
	Zhongshan (Shalang)	慌
	Zhongshan (Gangkou)	慌
	Zhongshan (Huangpu)	慌, 驚
	Zhongshan (Sanjiao)	狂, 驚
	Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong)	慌, 驚
	Zhongshan (Minzhong)	慌, 驚
	Zhongshan (Guzhen)	𢗉
	Zhongshan (Banfu)	慌, 驚
	Zhongshan (Tanzhou)	慌, 驚
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	驚
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	驚
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	驚
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	驚
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	驚
	Taishan	𢗉
	Kaiping (Chikan)	𢗉
	Enping (Niujiang)	𢗉
	Heshan (Yayao)	慌
	Dongguan	狂
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	驚
	Shaoguan	驚, 窒
	Yunfu	怕, 驚
	Yangjiang	𢗉
	Xinyi	狂
	Lianjiang	驚
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	驚, 怕
	Singapore (Guangfu)	驚, 怕
Gan	Nanchang	怕
Gan	Lichuan	怕
Hakka	Meixian	驚, 怕畏, 畏, 怕
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	狂
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	狂
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	好狂
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	驚
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	怕, 驚, 畏
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	驚
	Wengyuan	驚
	Liannan	驚
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	狂
	Jiexi	驚
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	驚
	Changting	怕
	Wuping	怕
	Wuping (Yanqian)	怕
	Liancheng	嚇
	Ninghua	怕
	Ningdu	怕
	Tonggu (Sandu)	怕
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	怕
	Dayu	怕
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	驚
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	驚
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	驚
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	驚
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	驚
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	驚
	Hong Kong	狂, 驚
	Mengshan (Xihe)	怕
	Luchuan	狂
	Sabah (Longchuan)	狂
	Senai (Huiyang)	狂
	Singkawang	驚
Huizhou	Jixi	怕, 嚇
Jin	Taiyuan	害怕, 怕
Jin	Xinzhou	著怕, 怕
Northern Min	Jian'ou	驚, 怕, 怯, 畏
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	驚
	Songxi	驚
	Zhenghe	驚
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	驚
	Jianyang	驚
	Jianyang (Huangkeng)	畏
	Wuyishan	嚇
	Pucheng (Shibei)	嚇
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	驚
	Fuzhou (Changle)	驚
	Lianjiang	驚
	Fuqing	驚
	Pingtan	驚
	Yongtai	驚
	Minqing	驚
	Gutian	驚
	Pingnan	驚
	Luoyuan	驚
	Fu'an	驚
	Ningde	驚
	Xiapu	驚
	Zherong	驚
	Shouning	驚
	Zhouning	驚
	Fuding	驚
	Singapore (Fuqing)	驚
Southern Min	Xiamen	驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	驚
	Quanzhou	驚, 著驚, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣
	Jinjiang	驚
	Nan'an	驚
	Shishi	驚
	Hui'an	驚
	Anxi	驚
	Yongchun	驚
	Dehua	驚
	Zhangzhou	驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 會攝, 掣
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	驚
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	驚
	Hua'an	驚
	Nanjing	驚
	Pinghe	驚
	Zhangpu	驚
	Yunxiao	驚
	Zhao'an	驚
	Dongshan	驚
	Kaohsiung	驚
	Yilan	驚
	Changhua (Lukang)	驚
	Taichung	驚
	Taichung (Wuqi)	驚惶
	Tainan	驚
	Taitung	驚
	Hsinchu	驚
	Kinmen	驚
	Penghu (Magong)	驚
	Penang (Hokkien)	驚
	Singapore (Hokkien)	驚
	Manila (Hokkien)	驚
	Longyan	嚇
	Zhangping	驚
	Datian	驚
	Chaozhou	驚, 畏
	Raoping	驚
	Shantou	驚
	Jieyang	驚, 畏
	Haifeng	驚
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	驚
	Singapore (Teochew)	驚
	Leizhou	驚
	Wenchang	驚
	Haikou	驚
	Qionghai	驚
	Singapore (Hainanese)	驚
Puxian Min	Putian	驚
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	驚
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	驚
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	驚
	Xianyou	驚
	Xianyou (Fengting)	驚
	Xianyou (Youyang)	驚
Central Min	Yong'an	驚
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	驚
	Sanming (Shaxian)	驚
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	驚
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	狂, 怕
Wu	Shanghai	怕, 嚇
	Shanghai (Chongming)	嚇
	Suzhou	怕, 嚇
	Danyang	怕
	Hangzhou	怕, 嚇, 慌, 怕慌, 發毛
	Ningbo	怕, 嚇
	Wenzhou	怕, 嚇
	Jinhua	光
Xiang	Changsha	怕, 畏怯
	Loudi	怕
	Shuangfeng	怕

(to frighten):

edit

叨擾 / 叨扰 (tāorǎo)
告擾 / 告扰 (gàorǎo) (formal, humble, polite)
吵擾 / 吵扰 (chǎorǎo)
困擾 / 困扰 (kùnrǎo)
干擾 (gānrǎo)
打亂 / 打乱 (dǎluàn)
打擾 / 打扰 (dǎrǎo)
打攪 / 打搅 (dǎjiǎo)
搗 / 捣 (dǎo) (literary, or in compounds)
擾亂 / 扰乱 (rǎoluàn)
攪 / 搅 (jiǎo)
攪亂 / 搅乱 (jiǎoluàn)
攪動 / 搅动 (jiǎodòng)
攪吵 / 搅吵 (Hokkien, Northern Wu)
攪擾 / 搅扰 (jiǎorǎo)
梟亂 / 枭乱 (xiāoluàn) (literary)
殽亂 / 淆乱 (xiáoluàn) (literary)
煩 / 烦 (fán)
煩擾 / 烦扰 (fánrǎo)
糾紛 / 纠纷 (jiūfēn) (literary)
糾纏 / 纠缠 (jiūchán)
經絆 / 经绊 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien, Taiwanese Hokkien)
纏 / 缠 (chán)
纏擾 / 缠扰 (chánrǎo)
纏磨 / 缠磨 (chánmo) (colloquial)
纏繞 / 缠绕 (chánrào)
驚動 / 惊动 (jīngdòng)
驚吵 / 惊吵 (¹cin-tshau₅) (Shanghainese)

Compounds

一座皆驚 / 一座皆惊
一鳴驚人 / 一鸣惊人 (yīmíngjīngrén)
動地驚天 / 动地惊天
動魄驚心 / 动魄惊心
匕鬯不驚 / 匕鬯不惊 (bǐchàngbùjīng)
又驚又喜 / 又惊又喜 (yòujīngyòuxǐ)
受寵若驚 / 受宠若惊 (shòuchǒngruòjīng)
受驚 / 受惊 (shòujīng)
吃驚 / 吃惊 (chījīng)
壓驚 / 压惊 (yājīng)
夜驚症 / 夜惊症
大吃一驚 / 大吃一惊 (dàchīyījīng)
大喫一驚 / 大吃一惊 (dàchīyījīng)
大驚 / 大惊 (dàjīng)
大驚大險 / 大惊大险
大驚失色 / 大惊失色 (dàjīngshīsè)
大驚小怪 / 大惊小怪 (dàjīngxiǎoguài)
天驚石破 / 天惊石破
失驚 / 失惊 (shījīng)
失驚打怪 / 失惊打怪
寵辱不驚 / 宠辱不惊 (chǒngrǔbùjīng)
寵辱無驚 / 宠辱无惊
寵辱若驚 / 宠辱若惊
心驚肉戰 / 心惊肉战
心驚肉跳 / 心惊肉跳 (xīnjīngròutiào)
心驚肉顫 / 心惊肉颤
心驚膽喪 / 心惊胆丧
心驚膽寒 / 心惊胆寒
心驚膽怕 / 心惊胆怕
心驚膽懾 / 心惊胆慑
心驚膽戰 / 心惊胆战 (xīnjīngdǎnzhàn)
心驚膽落 / 心惊胆落
心驚膽跳 / 心惊胆跳 (xīnjīngdǎntiào)
心驚膽顫 / 心惊胆颤
怵目驚心 / 怵目惊心
急驚風 / 急惊风
悚然心驚 / 悚然心惊
慢驚風 / 慢惊风
打失驚 / 打失惊
打張驚兒 / 打张惊儿
打草驚蛇 / 打草惊蛇 (dǎcǎojīngshé)
拍桌驚嘆 / 拍桌惊叹
拍案驚奇 / 拍案惊奇 (pāi'ànjīngqí)
擔驚 / 担惊
擔驚受怕 / 担惊受怕 (dānjīngshòupà)
擔驚受恐 / 担惊受恐 (dānjīngshòukǒng)
收驚 / 收惊
暗吃一驚 / 暗吃一惊
有驚無險 / 有惊无险 (yǒujīngwúxiǎn)
望洋驚嘆 / 望洋惊叹
柳柳驚 / 柳柳惊
步步驚魂 / 步步惊魂
海波不驚 / 海波不惊
浮雲驚龍 / 浮云惊龙
游園驚夢 / 游园惊梦
狗吠之驚 / 狗吠之惊
相驚伯有 / 相惊伯有
矯若驚龍 / 矫若惊龙
石破天驚 / 石破天惊 (shípòtiānjīng)
翩若驚鴻 / 翩若惊鸿
老大吃驚 / 老大吃惊 (lǎodà chījīng)
耽驚動氣 / 耽惊动气
耽驚受怕 / 耽惊受怕
肉跳心驚 / 肉跳心惊
肉顫心驚 / 肉颤心惊 (ròu chàn xīn jīng)
膽喪心驚 / 胆丧心惊
膽戰心驚 / 胆战心惊 (dǎnzhànxīnjīng)
膽顫心驚 / 胆颤心惊
膽驚心顫 / 胆惊心颤
自相驚擾 / 自相惊扰
草木驚心 / 草木惊心
著驚 / 著惊 (tio̍h-kiaⁿ) (Min Nan)
處變不驚 / 处变不惊 (chǔbiànbùjīng)
虛驚 / 虚惊 (xūjīng)
虛驚一場 / 虚惊一场 (xūjīngyīchǎng)
被寵若驚 / 被宠若惊
見慣不驚 / 见惯不惊
觸目驚心 / 触目惊心 (chùmùjīngxīn)
語不驚人 / 语不惊人
貌不驚人 / 貌不惊人
雞犬不驚 / 鸡犬不惊 (jīquǎnbùjīng)
震驚 / 震惊 (zhènjīng)
風鶴魂驚 / 风鹤魂惊
駭浪驚濤 / 骇浪惊涛
驚世駭俗 / 惊世骇俗 (jīngshìhàisú)
驚乍 / 惊乍
驚人 / 惊人 (jīngrén)
驚倒 / 惊倒
驚動 / 惊动 (jīngdòng)
驚厥 / 惊厥 (jīngjué)
驚呼 / 惊呼 (jīnghū)
驚喜 / 惊喜 (jīngxǐ)
驚喜交加 / 惊喜交加
驚嘆 / 惊叹 (jīngtàn)
驚嘆號 / 惊叹号 (jīngtànhào)
驚嚇 / 惊吓 (jīngxià)
驚坐 / 惊坐
驚堂 / 惊堂
驚堂木 / 惊堂木 (jīngtángmù)
驚塵 / 惊尘
驚天動地 / 惊天动地 (jīngtiāndòngdì)
驚奇 / 惊奇 (jīngqí)
驚奇駭異 / 惊奇骇异
驚弓之鳥 / 惊弓之鸟 (jīnggōngzhīniǎo)
驚張 / 惊张
驚心 / 惊心 (jīngxīn)
驚心動魄 / 惊心动魄 (jīngxīndòngpò)
驚怪 / 惊怪 (jīngguài)
驚怕 / 惊怕
驚怖 / 惊怖 (jīngbù)
驚恐 / 惊恐 (jīngkǒng)
驚恐萬分 / 惊恐万分
驚惋 / 惊惋
驚悸 / 惊悸 (jīngjì)
驚愕 / 惊愕 (jīng'è)
驚惶 / 惊惶 (jīnghuáng)
驚惶失措 / 惊惶失措 (jīnghuáng shīcuò)
驚慌 / 惊慌 (jīnghuāng)
驚慌失措 / 惊慌失措 (jīnghuāngshīcuò)
驚慌失色 / 惊慌失色
驚懼 / 惊惧 (jīngjù)
驚才絕豔 / 惊才绝艳
驚擾 / 惊扰 (jīngrǎo)
驚服 / 惊服
驚歎 / 惊叹 (jīngtàn)
驚死 / 惊死 (kiaⁿ-sí) (Hokkien)
驚汗 / 惊汗
驚湍 / 惊湍
驚濤拍岸 / 惊涛拍岸
驚濤駭浪 / 惊涛骇浪 (jīngtāohàilàng)
驚為天人 / 惊为天人 (jīngwéitiānrén)
驚異 / 惊异 (jīngyì)
驚疑 / 惊疑 (jīngyí)
驚疑不定 / 惊疑不定
驚癇 / 惊痫
驚神未定 / 惊神未定
驚羨 / 惊羡
驚耳 / 惊耳 (jīng'ěr)
驚蛇入草 / 惊蛇入草
驚蟄 / 惊蛰 (Jīngzhé)
驚覺 / 惊觉 (jīngjué)
驚訝 / 惊讶 (jīngyà)
驚詫 / 惊诧 (jīngchà)
驚誑 / 惊诳
驚諕 / 惊𬤀
驚豔 / 惊艳 (jīngyàn)
驚走 / 惊走
驚輸 / 惊输 (kiaⁿ-su) (Hokkien)
驚遽 / 惊遽
驚醒 / 惊醒
驚閨 / 惊闺
驚閨葉 / 惊闺叶
驚險 / 惊险 (jīngxiǎn)
驚險百出 / 惊险百出
驚青 / 惊青
驚顧不遑 / 惊顾不遑
驚風 / 惊风 (jīngfēng)
驚風駭浪 / 惊风骇浪
驚駕 / 惊驾
驚駭 / 惊骇 (jīnghài)
驚魂 / 惊魂 (jīnghún)
驚鴻 / 惊鸿 (jīnghóng)
驚鴻一瞥 / 惊鸿一瞥
骨顫肉驚 / 骨颤肉惊
魚驚鳥散 / 鱼惊鸟散
鳥驚魚潰 / 鸟惊鱼溃

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (驚):

→ Japanese: 驚(きょう) (kyō)
→ Korean: 경(驚) (gyeong)
→ Vietnamese: kinh (驚)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English game.

Pronunciation

Cantonese (Jyutping): gem¹ / geng¹

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: gem¹ / geng¹
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gem¹ / geng¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gém¹ / géng¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɛːm⁵⁵/, /kɛːŋ⁵⁵/

Noun

驚

(Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang, neologism) alternative form of game. (Classifier: 隻／只 c)

Japanese

Kanji

驚

(Jōyō kanji)

wonder
be surprised
frightened
amazed

Readings

Go-on: きょう (kyō, Jōyō)^{←きゃう (kyau, historical)}
Kan-on: けい (kei)
Kun: おどろく (odoroku, 驚く, Jōyō)、おどろかす (odorokasu, 驚かす, Jōyō)
Nanori: みはる (miharu)

Derived terms

Korean

Hanja

驚 (eumhun 놀랄 경 (nollal gyeong))

hanja form^? of 경 (“surprised, startled”)

Vietnamese

Han character

驚: Hán Nôm readings: kinh

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.