今日
Chinese
today; modern; present today; modern; present; current; this; now |
day; sun; date day; sun; date; day of the month; Japan (abbrev.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (今日) | 今 | 日 | |
| simp. #(今日) | 今 | 日 | |
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): 'jin1 nyit6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): jing1 reng1
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): gam1 njat5
- Xiang
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: jīnrì
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣ ㄖˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jinrìh
- Wade–Giles: chin1-jih4
- Yale: jīn-r̀
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinryh
- Palladius: цзиньжи (czinʹži)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: gam1 jat6 / gam1 mat6
- Yale: gām yaht / gām maht
- Cantonese Pinyin: gam1 jat9 / gam1 mat9
- Guangdong Romanization: gem1 yed6 / gem1 med6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐm⁵⁵ jɐt̚²/, /kɐm⁵⁵ mɐt̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
Note: gam1 mat6 - from assimilation.
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: gam1 jak8
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐm²¹³ zɐk̚²²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gim1 ngit4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kim³³ ᵑɡit̚²¹/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: giem1 jat6
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiɛm³³ jɐt̚⁵⁵/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Gan
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-ngit
- Hakka Romanization System: gimˊ ngidˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gim1 ngid5
- Sinological IPA: /kim²⁴ ŋit̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: gimˋ ngid
- Sinological IPA: /kim⁵³ ŋit⁵/
- (Meixian)
- Guangdong: gim1 ngid5
- Sinological IPA: /kim⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋit̚¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-ji̍t
- Tâi-lô: kim-ji̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: kimjit
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚¹²¹/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ zit̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-li̍t
- Tâi-lô: kim-li̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: kimlit
- IPA (Taipei): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ lit̚⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kim³³ lit̚²⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² lit̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Penang, Medan, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin-ji̍t
- Tâi-lô: kin-ji̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: kinjit
- IPA (Penang): /kin³³⁻²¹ d͡zit̚⁴/
- IPA (Singapore): /kin⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zit̚⁴³/
- (Hokkien: Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin-li̍t
- Tâi-lô: kin-li̍t
- Phofsit Daibuun: kinlit
- IPA (Singapore): /kin⁴⁴⁻²² lit̚⁴³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: gim1 rig8 / ging1 rig8 / gim1 rêg8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kim ji̍k / king ji̍k / kim je̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /kim³³⁻²³ d͡zik̚⁴/, /kiŋ³³⁻²³ d͡zik̚⁴/, /kim³³⁻²³ d͡zek̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
Note:
- gim1 rig8 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
- ging1 rig8 - Chaozhou;
- gim1 rêg8 - Jieyang.
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: gam1 njat5
- Sinological IPA (key): /kəm⁵³ ɲət̚²⁴/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Xiang
Note:
- jin1 r6 - vernacular;
- jin1 nyi6 - literary.
- Middle Chinese: kim nyit
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]r[ə]m C.nik/
- (Zhengzhang): /*krɯm njiɡ/
Noun
今日
Usage notes
今日 is considered formal in Standard Mandarin.
Synonyms
- (today):
Dialectal synonyms of 今天 (“today”) [map]
Derived terms
Descendants
Japanese
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 今 | 日 |
| きょう | |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 1 |
| jukujikun | |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 今日 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 今日, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Usage notes
- The kanji spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Middle Chinese 今日 (kim nyit).
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 今 | 日 |
| こん Grade: 2 |
にち Grade: 1 |
| goon | |
From Middle Chinese compound 今日 (MC kim nyit). Compare modern Taishanese reading gim1 ngit4.
The goon, so likely the original reading of the term as first borrowed from Middle Chinese.
Pronunciation
Noun
今日 • (konnichi)
Derived terms
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 今 | 日 |
| こん Grade: 2 |
にち > ち Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | irregular |
/koɲɲit͡ɕi/ → /koɲt͡ɕi/
Shift from konnichi above. Used dialectally in the Shitamachi area of Tokyo since the Edo period.
Pronunciation
Noun
今日 • (konchi)
- Same as こんにち above
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 今 | 日 |
| こん Grade: 2 |
じつ Grade: 1 |
| on'yomi | |
From Middle Chinese 今日 (MC kim nyit). Compare modern Cantonese reading gam1 jat6.
Change in reading from konnichi, keeping the earlier goon reading kon for 今, but substituting the later kan'on reading jitsu for 日.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [kõ̞ɲ̟d͡ʑit͡sɨ]
Noun
今日 • (konjitsu)
Related terms
| 時 (“Time”) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 日 (“Day”) | 週 (“Week”) | 月 (“Month”) | 年 (“Year”) | 暁 (“Morning”) | 朝 (“Morning”) | 夕 (“Evening”) | 晩 (“Evening”) | 夜 (“Night”) | ||
| Every | 毎日, 日日 | 毎週 | 毎月, 月月 | 毎年, 年年 | 毎朝 | 毎晩 | 毎夜 | |||
| Every other | 隔週 | 隔月 | 隔年 | |||||||
| Whole | 日間, 日中, 終日 | 週間 | 月間 | 年間, 年中, 終年 | 夜間, 夜中, 終夜 | |||||
| Half | 半日 | 半月 | 半年 | |||||||
| Absolute | −3 | 一昨昨日, 一昨々日 | 一昨昨年, 再昨年 | |||||||
| −2 | 一昨日 | 先々週 | 先々月 | 一昨年 | 一昨朝 | 一昨晩 | 一昨夜 | |||
| −1 | 昨日 | 先週, 昨週 | 先月, 後月, 去月, 昨月 | 去年, 昨年, 旧年 | 昨暁 | 昨朝 | 昨夕 | 昨晩 | 昨夜 | |
| 0 | 今日, 本日 | 今週 | 今月, 本月 | 今年, 本年 | 今暁 | 今朝 | 今夕 | 今晩, 今宵 | 今夜 | |
| +1 | 明日 | 来週, 次週 | 来月 | 来年, 明年 | 明朝 | 明晩 | 明夜 | |||
| +2 | 明後日 | 再来週 | 再来月 | 再来年, 明後年 | ||||||
| +3 | 明明後日, 弥の明後日 | |||||||||
| +4 | 弥の明後日, 明明後日, 明明明後日 | |||||||||
| Relative | −2 | 前前日 | 前前週 | 前前月 | 前前年 | |||||
| −1 | 前日 | 前週 | 前月 | 前年 | 前夕 | 前夜 | ||||
| 0 | 当日, 同日 | 当週 | 当月 | 当年, 同年 | 当夜 | |||||
| +1 | 翌日 | 翌週 | 翌月 | 翌年 | 翌朝 | 翌晩 | ||||
| +2 | 翌翌日 | 翌翌週 | 翌翌月 | 翌翌年 | ||||||
| Usage note: 前 and 翌 may be repeated further or instead use the 々 iteration mark | ||||||||||
Coordinate terms
- 一昨昨日 (sakiototoi), 一昨昨日 (sakiototsui), 一昨昨日 (issakusakujitsu, “three days ago”)
- 一昨日 (ototoi, “the day before yesterday; two days ago”)
- 昨日 (kinō, “yesterday”)
- 明日 (ashita), 明日 (asu, “tomorrow”)
- 明後日 (asatte, “the day after tomorrow; two days from now”)
- 明々後日 (shiasatte): three days from now
- 弥の明後日 (yanoasatte): three days from now; (dialectal) four days from now
- 今朝 (kesa, “this morning”)
- 今晩 (konban, “this evening”)
- 今夜 (kon'ya, “tonight”)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 今 | 日 |
Noun
今日 • (geumil) (hangeul 금일)
Okinawan
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 今 | 日 |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 1 |
Cognate with Japanese 今日 (kyō), and showing evidence of the affrication process common in Okinawan caused by "regressive palatalization", in which the earlier /k-/ consonant to shift when followed by /i/ or /j-/.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ɕuː/
Noun
今日 (chū)
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 今 | 日 |
| Grade: 2 | Grade: 1 |
Noun
今日 (kiyu)