今夜

Chinese

		today; modern; present today; modern; present; current; this; now	night
trad. (今夜)		今	夜
simp. ^#(今夜)		今	夜

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jīnyè

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄣㄧㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gam¹ je⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîm-ya
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kim-iā

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jīnyè
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣㄧㄝˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jinyè
  - Wade–Giles: chin¹-yeh⁴
  - Yale: jīn-yè
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinyeh
  - Palladius: цзинье (czinʹje)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕin⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gam¹ je⁶
  - Yale: gām yeh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gam¹ je⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: gem¹ yé⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐm⁵⁵ jɛː²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-ya
  - Hakka Romanization System: gim^ˊ ia
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gim¹ ya⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kim²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯a⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîm-ya
  - Hakka Romanization System: gim^ˊ (r)ia
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gim¹ ya⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kim²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯a⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kim-iā
  - Tâi-lô: kim-iā
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kim'ia
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² ia²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kim³³ ia⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kim⁴⁴⁻²² ia²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ia³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kim⁴⁴⁻³³ ia³³/

Middle Chinese: kim yaeH

Rime
Character	今	夜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	侵 (140)	麻 (100)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	居吟切	羊謝切
Baxter	kim	yaeH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiɪm/	/jia^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚim/	/jia^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kiem/	/ia^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kjim/	/jia^H/
Li Rong	/kjəm/	/ia^H/
Wang Li	/kĭĕm/	/jĭa^H/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ki̯əm/	/i̯a^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīn	yè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gam¹	je⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]r[ə]m [ɢ]Ak-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*krɯm laːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	今	夜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīn	yè
Middle Chinese	‹ kim ›	‹ yæ^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]r[ə]m/	/*[ɢ]Ak-s/
English	now	night
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	今	夜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	6599	14992
Phonetic component	今	亦
Rime group	侵	暮
Rime subdivision	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	金	夜
Old Chinese	/*krɯm/	/*laːɡs/
Notes	文源謂含初文

Noun

今夜

(literary or dialectal) tonight
- 你離開已經幾落年，今夜擱再想你，一切親像在夢中。 [Hokkien, trad.]
  你离开已经几落年，今夜搁再想你，一切亲像在梦中。 [Hokkien, simp.]
  From: 費玉清 (Fei Yu-ching), 今夜擱再想你
  Lí lī-khui í-keng kúi-lō nî, kim-iā koh-chài siūⁿ lí, it-chhè chhin-chhiūⁿ chāi bāng tiong. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
  You've already left for many years; tonight [I am] thinking about you again, everything just like in a dream.
- 北兵今夜攻破北城，俺已滿拚自盡。 [MSC, trad.]
  北兵今夜攻破北城，俺已满拚自尽。 [MSC, simp.]
  From: 1699, Kong Shangren, The Peach Blossom Fan, scene 38, translated by Harold Acton
  Běi bīng jīnyè gōngpò běichéng, ǎn yǐ mǎnpīnzìjìn. [Pinyin]
  Tonight the Northern troops breached the north wall, and I determined to take my own life.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 今晚 (“tonight; this evening”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		今夕, 今宵, 今夜
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		今晚, 今夜, 今宵
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	今兒晚上
	Taiwan	今天晚上, 今晚
	Harbin	今兒晚上, 今兒個晚上
	Malaysia	今晚
	Singapore	今晚
Cantonese	Guangzhou	今晚, 今晚黑
	Hong Kong	今晚, 今晚黑
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	今晚
	Macau	今晚
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	今晚
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	今晚夜
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	今晚
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	今晚
	Foshan	今晚
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	今晚
	Foshan (Shunde)	今晚
	Foshan (Sanshui)	今晚
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	今日夜晚
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	今晚
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	今晚
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	今晚
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	今晚
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	今晚黑
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	今晚黑
	Taishan	今晚
	Kaiping (Chikan)	今日晚黑
	Enping (Niujiang)	今晚夜
	Heshan (Yayao)	今晚
	Dongguan	今晚
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	今晚
	Nanning	今晚
	Wuzhou	今晚
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	今晚
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	今晚
	Singapore (Guangfu)	今晚
Gan	Nanchang	今夜
Hakka	Meixian	今暗晡, 今晡夜, 今晡暗, 暗晡夜
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	今晚黑
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	今晚夜
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	今晚夜
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	今晚夜
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	今暗夜
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	暗晡夜, 今暗晡
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	暗晡夜, 今暗晡
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	暗晡夜, 今暗晡
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	暗夜, 暗晡夜, 今暗晡
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	暗晡夜, 今暗晡
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	暗夜, 今日暗夜, 今日暗晡
	Sabah (Bao'an)	今晚夜
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	今旦晡, 今晡
Eastern Min	Matsu	今晡
Southern Min	Xiamen	今暝
	Zhangzhou	今暝
	Taipei	下昏暗 GT, 下昏 GT
	Tainan	今仔下暗
	Penang (Hokkien)	今暝
	Singapore (Hokkien)	今暝
	Manila (Hokkien)	今仔暗
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	暗昏
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	今天晚上
	Chaozhou	今暝
	Shantou	今暝
	Shantou (Chenghai)	今暝
	Jieyang	今暝
	Singapore (Teochew)	今暝
	Batam (Teochew)	今暝
	Leizhou	今暝, 今暝昏
	Wenchang	今昏
	Haikou	今暗
	Singapore (Hainanese)	今暝
Puxian Min	Putian	暝昏
Puxian Min	Xianyou	暝昏
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	今晏麻昏
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	今夜
Wu	Shanghai	今朝夜裡, 今朝夜頭, 今朝夜到, 今朝夜快頭
Xiang	Hengyang	今夜巴
Xiang	Quanzhou	今天晚上
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (今夜):

→ Japanese: 今(こん)夜(や) (kon'ya)
→ Korean: 금야(今夜) (geumya)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
今	夜
こん Grade: 2	や Grade: 2
on'yomi

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こんや [kóꜜǹ'yà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]^[3]
IPA^(key): [kõ̞ɰ̃ja̠]

Noun

今(こん)夜(や) • (kon'ya)

this evening; tonight

Etymology 2

kon'ya → konnya, via gemination.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kõ̞ɲ̟ːa̠]

Noun

今夜(こんにゃ) • (konnya)

this evening; tonight

Coordinate terms

時 (“Time”)
		日 (“Day”)	週 (“Week”)	月 (“Month”)	年 (“Year”)	暁 (“Morning”)	朝 (“Morning”)	夕 (“Evening”)	晩 (“Evening”)	夜 (“Night”)
Every		毎日, 日日	毎週	毎月, 月月	毎年, 年年		毎朝		毎晩	毎夜
Every other			隔週	隔月	隔年
Whole		日間, 日中, 終日	週間	月間	年間, 年中, 終年					夜間, 夜中, 終夜
Half		半日		半月	半年
Absolute	−3	一昨昨日, 一昨々日			一昨昨年, 再昨年
	−2	一昨日	先々週	先々月	一昨年		一昨朝		一昨晩	一昨夜
	−1	昨日	先週, 昨週	先月, 後月, 去月, 昨月	去年, 昨年, 旧年	昨暁	昨朝	昨夕	昨晩	昨夜
	0	今日, 本日	今週	今月, 本月	今年, 本年	今暁	今朝	今夕	今晩, 今宵	今夜
	+1	明日	来週, 次週	来月	来年, 明年		明朝		明晩	明夜
	+2	明後日	再来週	再来月	再来年, 明後年
	+3	明明後日, 弥の明後日
	+4	弥の明後日, 明明後日, 明明明後日
Relative	−2	前前日	前前週	前前月	前前年
	−1	前日	前週	前月	前年			前夕		前夜
	0	当日, 同日	当週	当月	当年, 同年					当夜
	+1	翌日	翌週	翌月	翌年		翌朝			翌晩
	+2	翌翌日	翌翌週	翌翌月	翌翌年
Usage note: 前 and 翌 may be repeated further or instead use the 々 iteration mark

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

[SMK5-3] Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

[3]